Our scientific work gave us the opportunity to take a new look and interpretation of the scientific and technological literature on the daguerreotype and to reevaluate its technical history.--from the Preface to the 1999 edition

Wonderful portraits, 1850s towns, landscapes; full text plus 104 photos. Enlarged edition.

Some account of the origin and early history of the photography. Daguerreotype manufacturing and historical daguerreotype process. Recognition, identification and classification of hallmarks on daguerreotype plates; tables with images and reference codes for cataloging hallmarks. Hallmarks impressed on daguerreotype plates can provide precious information on the area of ​​origin, on the producer, on the eventual importer and sometimes also on the photographic studio and the date of production. Most daguerreotypes have long been considered anonymous. The hallmarks impressed on the plates tell a different story and open the way to consider signed daguerreotypes by known makers.

The American daguerreotype as something completely new: a mechanical invention that produced an image, a hybrid of fine art and science and technology. The daguerreotype, invented in France, came to America in 1839. By 1851, this early photographic method had been improved by American daguerreotypists to such a degree that it was often referred to as “the American process.” The daguerreotype—now perhaps mostly associated with stiffly posed portraits of serious-visaged nineteenth-century personages—was an extremely detailed photographic image, produced though a complicated process involving a copper plate, light-sensitive chemicals, and mercury fumes. It was, as Sarah Kate Gillespie shows in this generously illustrated history, something wholly and remarkably new: a product of science and innovative technology that resulted in a visual object. It was a hybrid, with roots in both fine art and science, and it interacted in reciprocally formative ways with fine art, science, and technology. Gillespie maps the evolution of the daguerreotype, as medium and as profession, from its introduction to the ascendancy of the “American process,” tracing its relationship to other fields and the professionalization of those fields. She does so by recounting the activities of a series of American daguerreotypists, including fine artists, scientists, and mechanical tinkerers. She describes, for example, experiments undertaken by Samuel F. B. Morse as he made the transition from artist to inventor; how artists made use of the daguerreotype, both borrowing conventions from fine art and establishing new ones for a new medium; the use of the daguerreotype in various sciences, particularly astronomy; and technological innovators who drew on their work in the mechanical arts. By the 1860s, the daguerreotype had been supplanted by newer technologies. Its rise (and fall) represents an early instance of the ever-constant stream of emerging visual technologies.

Reproduction of the original.

Too often, photographic historians have given credit to the calotype for establishing our sense and standard of the photographic, when in reality it was the daguerreotype that first taught us how to see photographically, taking us beyond portraiture to a standard for scenic images that is still with us today. Here is the first study of scenic daguerreotypes from around the world and the largest assemblage of them ever to be presented in book form. Contending that L. J. M. Daguerre was at the forefront of the romantic revolution, Wood discusses Daguerre's work in the context of John Constable, J. M. W. Turner, and Caspar David Friedrich. He also draws parallels between early landscape photography, the poetry of William Wordsworth, and William Gilpin's notions of the picturesque, which influenced both travel and the way nineteenth-century men and women began to view the landscape around them. Wood's selection of more than a hundred images presents the best surviving examples of the scenic daguerreotype. They include views of the Acropolis, Egypt, and China, of mountains and Alpine scenery, of Pompeii, Venice, and the temples of Rome, of the California Gold Rush and other American scenes, plus daguerreotypes from Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Martinique, and Brazil.