Treats a compelling narrative of two of history's most famous battles, and assists translation and literary and historical appreciation.

A Companion to Livy features a collection of essays representing the most up-to-date international scholarship on the life and works of the Roman historian Livy. Features contributions from top Livian scholars from around the world Presents for the first time a new interpretation of Livy's historical philosophy, which represents a key to an overall interpretation of Livy's body of work Includes studies of Livy's work from an Indo-European comparative aspect Provides the most modern studies on literary archetypes for Livy's narrative of the history of early Rome

Livy's 142-volume history of Rome is one of the high points of ancient historical writing; but three-quarters of that history is lost, known only from indirect sources such as epitomes and quotations. D. S. Levene's Livy: The Fragments and Periochae provides a text, translation, and commentary on all of the surviving 'para-Livian' material from antiquity. This includes the various epitomes and 'fragments' (quotations from or references to the lost books), but it also covers citations from the surviving books and all testimonia to Livy's life, work, and readership between his death in A.D. 17 and the end of classical antiquity (approximately A.D. 650). This collection of material provides the fullest account ever developed of the reputation of Livy in antiquity and the way he was used and read by later writers. Through it, Levene explores an important but under-studied aspect of the intellectual life of the Roman world. This first volume contains the fragments, citations, and testimonia, which together comprise every reference to Livy in ancient sources. It offers a completely reedited text of these, along with a full literary, textual, and historical commentary. The volumes's introduction provides a comprehensive synoptic study of the contexts in which Livy was read and quoted.

Heinrich Meier’s guiding insight in Political Philosophy and the Challenge of Revealed Religion is that philosophy must prove its right and its necessity in the face of the claim to truth and demand obedience of its most powerful opponent, revealed religion. Philosophy must rationally justify and politically defend its free and unreserved questioning, and, in doing so, turns decisively to political philosophy. In the first of three chapters, Meier determines four intertwined moments constituting the concept of political philosophy as an articulated and internally dynamic whole. The following two chapters develop the concept through the interpretation of two masterpieces of political philosophy that have occupied Meier’s attention for more than thirty years: Leo Strauss’s Thoughts on Machiavelli and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract. Meier provides a detailed investigation of Thoughts on Machiavelli, with an appendix containing Strauss’s original manuscript headings for each of his paragraphs. Linking the problem of Socrates (the origin of political philosophy) with the problem of Machiavelli (the beginning of modern political philosophy), while placing between them the political and theological claims opposed to philosophy, Strauss’s most complex and controversial book proves to be, as Meier shows, the most astonishing treatise on the challenge of revealed religion. The final chapter, which offers a new interpretation of the Social Contract, demonstrates that Rousseau’s most famous work can be adequately understood only as a coherent political-philosophic response to theocracy in all its forms.

This book explores the accounts of communal meals and the metaphorical use of food and drink language in the narrative world of the Gospel of John. It argues that the Johannine community regularly gathered for communal meals in which the food and drink on the menu would have taken on a spiritual significance far exceeding the physical sustenance. The study employs a socio-rhetorical methodology and consequently moves from text to context. It tentatively describes the texts’ influence on the formation of early Christian identity and suggests that the Johannine meal accounts provide a way to imagine the demographic composition of the community and its historical context.

Get thousands of fully searchable facts at your fingertips with this essential resource. The World Almanac® and Book of Facts is America's top-selling reference book of all time, with more than 82 million copies sold. For more than 150 years, this compendium of information has been the authoritative source for all your entertainment, reference, and learning needs. The 2019 edition of The World Almanac reviews the events of 2018 and will be your go-to source for questions on any topic in the upcoming year. Praised as a "treasure trove of political, economic, scientific and educational statistics and information" by The Wall Street Journal, The World Almanac and Book of Facts will answer all of your trivia needs on demand—from history and sports to geography, pop culture, and much more. Features include: The World at a Glance: This annual feature of The World Almanac provides a quick look at the surprising stats and curious facts that define the changing world and includes a sneak peek at upcoming milestone celebrity birthdays in 2019. Statistical Spotlight: A popular new feature highlights statistics relevant to the biggest stories of the year. These data visualizations provide important context and new perspectives to give readers a fresh angle on important issues. This year’s statistics will spotlight immigration, refugees, and asylum claims; the rising number and historic cost of natural disasters; and the nationwide opioid epidemic. 2018 Election Results: The World Almanac provides a comprehensive look at the entire 2018 election process, including complete Election Day results for House, Senate, and gubernatorial races. World Almanac Editors' Picks: Senior Moments: With leading athletes like Tom Brady and Serena Williams approaching middle age while still at the top of their game, The World Almanac editors look at the sports world’s most memorable achievements by aging athletes. The Year in Review: The World Almanac takes a look back at 2018 while providing all the information you'll need in 2019. 2018—Top 10 News Topics: The editors of The World Almanac list the top stories that held the world's attention in 2018, covering the U.S. Supreme Court nomination process, historic negotiations with North Korea, a year of #MeToo developments, and much more. 2018—Year in Sports: Hundreds of pages of trivia and statistics that are essential for any sports fan, featuring complete coverage of the Winter Olympic Games in South Korea, World Cup men's soccer, the World Series, improved MLB player stats, and much more. 2018—Year in Pictures: Striking full-color images from around the world in 2018, covering news, entertainment, science, and sports. 2018—Offbeat News Stories: The World Almanac editors select some of the most unusual news stories of the year, from the parade commemorating a team’s winless NFL season to the “bananas” lawsuit over a Halloween costume. World Almanac Editors' Picks: Time Capsule: The World Almanac lists the items that most came to symbolize the year 2018, from news and sports to pop culture. Other New Highlights: Brand-new statistics on crime rates for all major U.S. cities, U.S. trade and immigration policies, 2018 tax cuts, DACA recipients, mobile app and tech usage, student loan debt, income inequality, and much more.

This study investigates the role of embedded narratives in Silius Italicus’ Punica, an epic from the late first century AD on the Second Punic War (218–202 BC). At first sight, these narratives seem to be loosely ‘embedded’ in the epic, having their own plot and being situated in a different time or place than the main narrative. A closer look reveals, however, that they foreshadow or recall elements that are found elsewhere in the epic. In this way, they serve as ‘mirrors’ of the main narrative. The larger part of this book consists of four detailed case studies.

Reading, writing and the prosecution of warfare went hand in hand in the fifteenth century, demonstrated by the wide circulation and ownership of military manuals and ordinances, and the integration of military concerns into a huge corpus of texts; but their relationship has hitherto not received the attention it deserves, a gap which this book remedies, arguing that the connections are vital to the literary culture of the time, and should be recognised on a much wider scale. Beginning with a detailed consideration of the circulation of one of the most important military manuals in the Middle Ages, Vegetius' De re militari, it highlights the importance of considering the activities of a range of fifteenth-century readers and writers in relation to the wider contemporary military culture. It shows how England's wars in France and at home, and the wider rhetoric and military thinking those wars generated, not only shaped readers' responses to their texts but also gave rise to the production of one of the most elaborate, rich and under-recognised pieces of verse of the Wars of the Roses in the form of 'Knyghthode and bataile'. It also indicates how the structure, language and meaning of canonical texts, including those by Lydgate and Malory, were determined by the military culture of the period.