While recent publications have explored the relationship between New Testament texts and early Roman imperial ideology, Ephesians has been underanalyzed in these conversations. In this study, Justin Winzenburg provides an original contribution to the field by assessing how matters of the disputed authorship, audience, and date of Ephesians have varied consequences for the imperial-critical status of the epistle. Previously underexplored elements of the Roman context of Ephesians, with a focus on maiestas [treason] charges, imperial cults, and Roman imperial eschatology are examined in light of the two major theories of the date of the epistle. The author concludes that, while there are limitations to an imperial-critical reading of the epistle, some of the epistle's speech acts can be understood as subversive of Roman imperial ideology.

"In Matthew and Empire, Warren Carter argues that Matthew's Gospel protests Roman imperialism by asserting that God's purposes and will are performed not by the empire and emperor but by Jesus and his community of disciples. Carter makes the claim for reading Matthew this way against the almost exclusive emphasis on the relationship with the synagogue that has long characterized Matthean scholarship. He established Matthew's imperial context by examining Roman imperial ideology and material presence in Anitoch, the traditional provenance for Matthew. Carter argues that Matthean Christology, which presents Jesus as God's agent, is shaped by claims - and protests against those claims - that the emperor and the empire are God's agents. He pays particular attention to the Gospel's central irony, namely that in depicting God's ways and purposes, the Gospel employs the very imperial framework that it resists. Matthew and Empire challenges traditional readings of Matthew and encourage fresh perspectives in Matthean scholarship."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Paul's letter to the Corinthians provides an exclusive quick look into the social and political life of a young Christian congregation in a Greco-Roman environment during the early decades when Christianity was emerging. The letter provides a range and richness of information regarding the early church that is unparalleled by any other writing in the New Testament. Much effort has gone into reconstructing the Christian church at Corinth; more recently, attention has focused on the Corinthian congregation itself and its influence towards the community of the Roman Empire. The scholarly picture of the Corinthian community throughout the period of modern interpretation has been far from constant. It has been continually altered as interpretative fashions have changed.

The Babylonian Empire, one of the greatest civilizations in human history, left an enduring legacy of cultural achievements, monumental architecture, and military conquests. But beyond its impressive power and influence, Babylon holds a pivotal place in the biblical narrative, serving both as a historical empire and a profound symbol of human defiance against Jehovah. In The Babylonian Empire, Edward D. Andrews offers a detailed exploration of Babylon’s rise to dominance, its lasting impact on the ancient world, and its role in Scripture. From the grandeur of Nebuchadnezzar’s reign to the empire’s prophesied fall, this book presents a compelling study of Babylon’s influence on Israel, its connections to biblical prophecy, and the divine sovereignty that ultimately led to its destruction. Combining historical scholarship with a deep respect for Scripture, this book delves into the Babylonian religious practices, the significance of its kings, and its place as a tool of judgment in Jehovah’s hand. Readers will gain a clearer understanding of how Babylon’s story is woven into the broader redemptive plan of God, revealing timeless lessons about human pride, idolatry, and the ultimate triumph of Jehovah’s kingdom. Whether you are a student of ancient history or biblical prophecy, The Babylonian Empire provides fresh insights into one of the most powerful empires the world has ever known and the divine purposes it served in the unfolding of God’s plan for His people.

Margaret Froelich examines the Gospel of Mark using political and empire-critical methodologies, following postcolonial thinkers in perceiving a far more ambivalent message than previous pacifistic interpretations of the text. She argues that Mark does not represent an entirely new way of thinking about empire or cosmic structures, but rather exhibits concepts and structures with which the author and his audience are already familiar in order to promote the Kingdom of God as a better version of the encroaching Roman Empire. Froelich consequently understands Mark as a response to the physical, ideological, and cultural displacement of the first Roman/Judean War. By looking to Greek, Roman, and Jewish texts to determine how first-century authors thought of conquest and expansion, Froelich situates the Gospel directly in a historical and socio-political context, rather than treating that context as a mere backdrop; concluding that the Gospel portrays the Kingdom of God as a conquering empire with Jesus as its victorious general and client king.

This book offers a fresh reading about the purpose for which Hebrews was written. In this book Whitlark argues that Hebrews engages both the negative pressures (persecution) and positive attractions (honor/prosperity) of its audience's Roman imperial context. Consequently, the audience of Hebrews appears to be in danger of defecting to the pagan imperial context. Due to the imperial nature of these pressures, Hebrews obliquely critiques the imperial script according to the rhetorical expectations in the first-century Mediterranean world-namely, through the use of figured speech. This critique is the primary focus of Whitlark's project. Whitlark examines Hebrews's figured response to the imperial hopes boasted by Rome along with Rome's claim to eternal rule, to the power of life and death, and to be led by the true, victorious ruler. Whitlark also makes a case for discerning Hebrews's response to the challenges of Flavian triumph. Whitlark concludes his study by suggesting that Hebrews functions much like Revelation, that is, to resist the draw of the Christians' Roman imperial context. This is done, in part, by providing a covert opposition to Roman imperial discourse. He also offers evaluation of relapse theories for Hebrews, of Hebrews's place among early Christian martyrdom, and of the nature of the resistance that Hebrews promotes.

Contributors to this volume, who represent diverse cultures and perspectives of Asian descent, African American heritage, and Latin American culture, explore Paul's gospel in critical contexts and its implications for race/ethnicity. Key questions include: What is Paul's gospel? Is it for or against the Roman imperial order? Does Paul's message foster true diversity and race relations? Or does it implicate a racial hierarchy or racism? This volume engages readers in conversation with the politics of interpretation in Paul's gospel. How much is it political? Which Paul do we read? This collective volume is the clarion call that biblical interpretation is not an arcane genre in the ivory tower but engages current issues in the real world of America, where we must tackle racism, the Western imperial gospel, and the rigid body politic.

This work illuminates Luke’s portrayals of Roman officials in light of Jewish portrayals of Gentile rulers in the Old Testament and in Second Temple Literature.