This multivolume work is still proving to be as fundamental to Old Testament studies as its companion set, the Kittel-Friedrich Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, has been to New Testament studies. Beginning with father, and continuing through the alphabet, the TDOT volumes present in-depth discussions of the key Hebrew and Aramaic words in the Old Testament. Leading scholars of various religious traditions (including Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican, Greek Orthodox, and Jewish) and from many parts of the world (Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States) have been carefully selected for each article by editors Botterweck, Ringgren, and Fabry and their consultants, George W. Anderson, Henri Cazelles, David Noel Freedman, Shemaryahu Talmon, and Gerhard Wallis. The intention of the writers is to concentrate on meaning, starting from the more general, everyday senses and building to an understanding of theologically significant concepts. To avoid artificially restricting the focus of the articles, TDOT considers under each keyword the larger groups of words that are related linguistically or semantically. The lexical work includes detailed surveys of a word s occurrences, not only in biblical material but also in other ancient Near Eastern writings. Sumerian, Akkadian, Egyptian, Ethiopic, Ugaritic, and Northwest Semitic sources are surveyed, among others, as well as the Qumran texts and the Septuagint; and in cultures where no cognate word exists, the authors often consider cognate ideas. TDOT s emphasis, though, is on Hebrew terminology and on biblical usage. The contributors employ philology as well as form-critical and traditio-historical methods, with the aim of understanding the religious statements in the Old Testament. Extensive bibliographical information adds to the value of this reference work. This English edition attempts to serve the needs of Old Testament students without the linguistic background of more advanced scholars; it does so, however, without sacrificing the needs of the latter. Ancient scripts (Hebrew, Greek, etc.) are regularly transliterated in a readable way, and meanings of foreign words are given in many cases where the meanings might be obvious to advanced scholars. Where the Hebrew text versification differs from that of English Bibles, the English verse appears in parentheses. Such features will help all earnest students of the Bible to avail themselves of the manifold theological insights contained in this monumental work.

Vols. for -1960 include Proceedings of the annual meetings of the Society.

This work presents in detail a description of archaeological data from the Iron II temple complex at Tel Dan in northern Israel. Davis analyzes the archaeological remains from the ninth and eighth centuries, paying close attention to how the temple functioned as sacred space. Correlating the archaeological data with biblical depictions of worship, especially the “textual strata” of 1 Kings 18 and the book of Amos, Davis argues that the temple was the site of “official” and family religion and that worship at the temple became increasingly centralized. Tel Dan's role in helping reconstruct ancient Israelite religion, especially distinctive religious traditions of the northern kingdom, is also considered.

King David was a man after God's own heart. Have you ever wondered what God saw in David--or, rather, the characteristics that David exhibited for God to adorn him with this title? David was not perfect or absent of sin but called, appointed, and anointed by God just like every Christian believer. The Heart After God's Heart: Messages from First Samuel details these characteristics along with other relevant and insightful revelations from God's word using the Old Testament book of 1 Samuel. You and I can be Christians after God's own heart and excel in personal growth--even better than David--as we have within us God's Holy Spirit. Build up yourself in God, and advance in your Christian faith with this understanding and other messages. Look at the story of David and Goliath in a new light relevant to your Christian walk today. Discover how the children of Israel are a type and shadow of our Christian life now. God's heart begins with prayer and communion. Every believer should make prayer a lifelong learning experience. Hannah demonstrates how every Christian should be vitally connected to God through prayer. Samuel, the priest and prophet, uses his life to convey how we belong to God wholly and totally. Any believer who gives up his life to Jesus will know the meaning of losing his life to gain the whole world. We have been born again and handed over to his providence. We experience the heart of disobedience through Saul's reign as king and then David's heart of obedience as a shepherd, giant slayer, covenant brother, and anointed king--a man after God's own heart. Their experiences together reveal to us the heart after God's heart. 2

Textual critics and biblical scholars recognize the need to understand the unique character of a biblical version before comparing its readings to the Masoretic Text. This study focuses on the character of the Syriac version of 1 Samuel and its relationship to the MT, the LXX, Targum Jonathan and the Hebrew texts from Qumran. Readings that are unique to this version are organized so as to expose its translation techniques, exegesis, and other characteristics. Readings that agree with the LXX and Targum Jonathan against the MT are evaluated with a view to detecting traces of influence from these versions. This study will assist biblical scholars, text critics, and students of the Peshitta who wish to learn more about a particular reading or about the Peshitta’s overall character.

This book, Volume II of II, presents a comprehensive analysis of the Biblical Book of Samuel. Usually taken as a socio-political history of ancient Israel during a century of change, this book contends that, at a deeper level, Samuel is a profound appraisal of the appeal and limitations of power.

A comprehensive biblical reference includes a wide range of articles about people, places, customs, events, religious concepts, and philosophical ideas mentioned in the Scriptures.