This study considers how tax authorities attempt to strike down international tax avoidance structures, in particular those involving the use of conduit and base companies set up by third-country residents for purposes of "treaty shopping" and "EC-Directive shopping". The book focuses on the interaction between provisions and judicially developed doctrines of domestic tax law preventing international tax avoidance on the one hand, and norms of international law, in particular tax treaties and rules of Community law, on the other. It also considers treaty-based anti-avoidance measures such as the "beneficial ownership" requirement and "limitation on benefits" provisions. This part of the study compares and analyses the case law of Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, India, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Revised and updated edition providing the introduction to Irish tax legislation, along with an explanation of the effect of treaty relief. The discussion of treaties includes practical comparison with the OECD Model Convention and the effect on treaty relief of the Constitution of Ireland. Follows practical discussion of Ireland's tax breaks, beginning with a discussion of the circumstances in which a company resident or carrying on business in Ireland qualifies for the 12.5% rate of corporation tax, and continuing with the issues of the tax efficient establishment and financing of a trading presence in Ireland, whether through a subsidiary or a permanent establishment or both. Possible tax planning opportunities are then discussed, both long standing tax breaks such as relief for artists and inventors, forestry, bloodstock and foreign domiciliaries, and opportunities such as those arising from the exercise of an employment in Ireland and the employment of crew members employed on ships or aircraft by an Irish resident company. The book also discusses transfer pricing and anti-avoidance provisions both in the Irish domestic tax legislation and in tax treaties.

This book focuses on commercial and company law and corporate income tax. It provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the current tax planning opportunities that exist in Belgium. After some essential legal knowledge of Belgium, the chapters consider the Belgian tax regime, special features of the Belgian tax system, specific anti-avoidance provisions and international tax planning, tax incentives, special tax regimes, and tax planning opportunities (including the tax treaties with Hong Kong, the USA and the UAE).

This book provides international tax professionals with a practical guide on dealing with the Dutch taxation of business investments into the Netherlands, via the Netherlands (conduit structures), or from the Netherlands. The book focuses on corporate income tax, dividend tax and capital duty, as well as other issues typical of an international environment (participation exemption, the current state of the ruling practice, financing). The contents include: introduction to Dutch domestic law, including both corporate and personal income tax, dividend withholding tax, VAT, real estate transfer tax; an in-depth analysis of the Dutch corporate income tax system including financing a taxpayer, tax consolidation, holding companies and participation exemption, corporate reorganizations, financing companies, transfer pricing, loss compensation, inbound investments and anti-abuse legislation; participation exemption and Dutch interest limitation rules; royalty and interest income box, an overview of Dutch international law examining treaties, the tax agreement for the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the unilateral decree for the prevention of double taxation and EU law; a description of Dutch dividend tax including EU entities and dividend tax credit; an overview of the exchange of information including national law, the ruling practice, treaties and EU law; a description of the personal income tax, including 30% cost allowance and employee stock option plans.

Study, divided into five parts: a short introduction to Luxembourg as a country and financial centre; calculation of profits taxes and other taxes to which a fully-taxable resident business is subject; the fully-taxable "special purposes vehicles" available in Luxembourg including banking and reinsurance; tax exempt vehicles, the 1929 holding company and investment funds; and corporate reorganizations and examples of how Luxembourg could be used in international tax planning

Provides a comprehensive overview of the main issues involved in cross-border investment in and from Denmark. Begins by introducing the reader to Denmark and the basics of the Danish corporate law and tax system. A detailed analysis follows, examining the various aspects of Danish company law, corporate taxation and taxation of individuals, which are relevant when investing in or via Denmark. The principles of full and limited tax liability for both corporations and individuals are fully investigated. The unique "Danish Holding Regime", established by the Danish government to attract more foreign investment, is discussed in detail. Concludes with a section on tax planning and acquisition structures.

Explains why perfecting, rather than curbing, interstate competition would make international taxation both more efficient and more just.

The book deals with tax planning with holding companies located in Europe, Asia of the Caribbean. It analyses the problem of repatriating U.S. profits from Europe, going far beyond the routing of income via different companies. Instead, the approach includes an analysis of the interdependencies between international tax competition, holding company regimes, and tax planning concepts in order to establish a basis for tax planning measures regardless of the fast changing legal environment for holding companies in the different countries.

This classic handbook has once again been updated from cover to cover, assuring its secure place as the preeminent tax practice guide for the conduct of international business transactions. The user-friendly structure has been maintained—first, a hands-on overview of certain key tax aspects of international transactions that have general application (including a chapter on special issues for transactions touching the European Union), followed by detailed country profiles that offer solutions designed to maximize effective tax planning and satisfy compliance obligations in twenty key global trading jurisdictions. The expert country-by-country contributors explain each jurisdiction’s approach to the critical areas of concern in transactional tax planning, addressing among other issues: entity classification; taxable transactions; tax-free transactions (both domestic and cross-border); loss and other tax attribute planning; intellectual property transactions; compensation arrangements; acquisition financing; joint ventures; transfer pricing; VAT; and tax treaty usage. Because it is crucial for management and counsel to develop a working knowledge of the salient aspects of the relevant law in a broad range of global jurisdictions, the work is of immeasurable value in assessing, strategizing, and implementing international transactions while also allowing quick jurisdictional comparison of key tax aspects. Addressing an important information gap in an area of widespread commercial concern, this incomparable resource will be welcomed by international tax counsel, corporate and financial services attorneys, and corporate planning and compliance professionals.