To write an accomplished program in the DATA step of SAS®, programmers must understand programming logic and know how to implement and even create their own programming algorithm. Handbook of SAS® DATA Step Programming shows readers how best to manage and manipulate data by using the DATA step. The book helps novices avoid common mistakes resulting from a lack of understanding fundamental and unique SAS programming concepts. It explains that learning syntax does not solve all problems; rather, a thorough comprehension of SAS processing is needed for successful programming. The author also guides readers through a programming task. In most of the examples, the author first presents strategies and steps for solving the problem, then offers a solution, and finally gives a more detailed explanation of the solution. Understanding the DATA steps, particularly the program data vector (PDV), is critical to proper data manipulation and management in SAS. This book helps SAS programmers thoroughly grasp the concept of DATA step processing and write accurate programs in the DATA step. Numerous supporting materials, including data sets and programs used in the text, are available on the book’s CRC Press web page.

Software is the essential enabler for the new economy and science. It creates new markets and new directions for a more reliable, flexible, and robust society. It empowers the exploration of our world in ever more depth. However, software often falls short behind our expectations. Current software methodologies, tools, and techniques remain expensive and not yet reliable for a highly changeable and evolutionary market. Many approaches have been proven only as case-by-case oriented methods. This book presents a number of new trends and theories in the direction in which we believe software science and engineering may develop to transform the role of software and science in tomorrow’s information society. This publication is an attempt to capture the essence of a new state of art in software science and its supporting technology. Is also aims at identifying the challenges such a technology has to master.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Relational Methods in Computer Science, RelMICS 2001 and the 1st Workshop of COST Action 274 TARSKI, Theory and Application of Relational Structures as Knowledge Instruments held in Oisterwijk, The Netherlands, in October 2001. The 20 revised full papers presented together with an invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected. The papers are organized in topical sections on algebraic and logical foundations of real world relations, mechanization of relational reasoning, and relational scaling and preferences.

The newly revised and updated fourth edition of Methods and Materials for Teaching the Gifted is an excellent introduction to gifted education and real-world learning. The chapters of this comprehensive textbook are written by respected leaders in the field of gifted education. The authors review the unique needs of gifted learners and give current information on instructional planning and evaluation, strategies for best practices, and ongoing enhancement and support of gifted programs. Chapters include topics such as differentiated curricular design, extending learning through research, writing challenging instructional units, and developing leadership skills and innovative thinkers. Instructional practices such as problem-based learning, technology literacy, independent study, simulation and gaming, and more are addressed. A special focus is given to using the Gifted Education Programming Standards and Common Core State Standards. The fourth edition provides updated information on funding sources and public relations strategies for gifted education programs. It also includes updated lists of books, teaching materials, websites, and other resources for teachers of the gifted.

This book presents current methods for dealing with software reliability, illustrating the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The description of the techniques is intended for a non-expert audience with some minimal technical background. It also describes some advanced techniques, aimed at researchers and practitioners in software engineering. This reference will serve as an introduction to formal methods and techniques and will be a source for learning about various ways to enhance software reliability. Various projects and exercises give readers hands-on experience with the various formal methods and tools.

This edited book is a compilation of scholarly articles on the latest developments in the field of AI, Blockchain, and ML/DL in cloud security. This book is designed for security and risk assessment professionals, and to help undergraduate, postgraduate students, research scholars, academicians, and technology professionals who are interested in learning practical approaches to cloud security. It covers practical strategies for assessing the security and privacy of cloud infrastructure and applications and shows how to make cloud infrastructure secure to combat threats and attacks, and prevent data breaches. The chapters are designed with a granular framework, starting with the security concepts, followed by hands-on assessment techniques based on real-world studies. Readers will gain detailed information on cloud computing security that—until now—has been difficult to access. This book: • Covers topics such as AI, Blockchain, and ML/DL in cloud security. • Presents several case studies revealing how threat actors abuse and exploit cloud environments to spread threats. • Explains the privacy aspects you need to consider in the cloud, including how they compare with aspects considered in traditional computing models. • Examines security delivered as a service—a different facet of cloud security.

This book contains the written versions of main lectures presented at the Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on Computational Mathematical Programming, which was held in Bad Windsheim, Germany F. R., from July 23 to August 2, 1984, under the sponsorship of NATO. The ASI was organized by the Committee on Algorithms (COAL) of the Mathematical Programming Society. Co-directors were Karla Hoffmann (National Bureau of Standards, Washington, U.S.A.) and Jan Teigen (Rabobank Nederland, Zeist, The Netherlands). Ninety participants coming from about 20 different countries attended the ASI and contributed their efforts to achieve a highly interesting and stimulating meeting. Since 1947 when the first linear programming technique was developed, the importance of optimization models and their mathematical solution methods has steadily increased, and now plays a leading role in applied research areas. The basic idea of optimization theory is to minimize (or maximize) a function of several variables subject to certain restrictions. This general mathematical concept covers a broad class of possible practical applications arising in mechanical, electrical, or chemical engineering, physics, economics, medicine, biology, etc. There are both industrial applications (e.g. design of mechanical structures, production plans) and applications in the natural, engineering, and social sciences (e.g. chemical equilibrium problems, christollography problems).

This book gives managers an integrative approach to project, program, and change management. It describes the differences between change in projects versus programs with case studies in both areas and the different life cycles. While the project and change comprise much of the book, it is up to date with its emphasis on agile, scrum, and benefits. The book also describes methods to both initiate and manage a change and what must be done for success and business value.

This book provides a justification and optimisation model that is complete enough to capture the important features required for a complex decision-making environment for computer integrated manufacturing investment analysis. The model provides facilities to quantify qualitative attributes.