Extrusion cooking is a specialist area of food technology because of the complexity of the interactive effects which are inherent in the system. General predictive modelling is very difficult because ingredients are diverse and can vary considerably. Modelling tends to be product specifi- new product development tends to be by experimental designs and good fortune. The emphasis of this book is on the latest and potential applications of twin screw extrusion in food production, specifically co-rotating inter meshing screw extruders. Of course, in order to develop products and maximise the extruder potential in terms of energy, product quality and output, an overall understanding of the material flow mechanism, barrel fill length and rheology is essential. The book aims to give explanations and general guidance with examples of screw design, configuration and operat ing parameters for a variety of product categories. It is also intended to help production operators diagnose the symptoms of particular problems such as temperature control, quality variation, raw material inconsistency, etc. For the product development technologist there is more than one way to make a similar product. For example, equipment manufacturers recom mend difficult methods for producing flaked corn. In addition, their machines may differ from each other in terms of screw design, power/ volume ratio, screw tip/barrel clearance, etc. , making scale-up more prob lematic.

Extrusion cooking is an ideal method for manufacturing a number of food products from snacks and breakfast cereals to baby foods. However, as a complex multivariate process it requires careful control if product quality is to be maintained. Edited by a leading authority in the field, and with an international team of contributors, this important collection reviews the key factors affecting quality and how they can be controlled in manufacturing a range of extruded products. The first part of Extrusion Cooking looks at general influences on quality. There are chapters on the selection of raw materials, criteria for selecting the right extruder, analysing and optimising thermal performance in extrusion cooking, and effective process control. There is also an important chapter on maintaining nutritional quality in extruded products. The second part of the book looks at the application of extrusion in particular product groups. Each chapter examines the range of extruded products within the product group, the specific production issues and future trends. It also includes chapters on key products such as breakfast cereals, snack foods and baby foods. Extrusion cooking will be widely welcomed as a major reference in maximising the quality of extruded products. A key reference to improving efficeincy and quality on extruded products

Offering an engineering perspective and the latest information on the application of this rapidly expanding technique, this practical book covers the technology, engineering, materials and products, as well as economic and ecological aspects. In addition to the theory, it also utilizes case studies that can easily be put into industrial practice. Each step of the process is discussed in terms of sustainability, and all data complies with the EU and FTA environmental regulations. Invaluable reading for food chemists and technologists, process engineers, chemists in industry, agricultural scientists, and chemical engineers. From the Contents: * Engineering Aspects of Extrusion * Raw Materials in the Production of Extrudates * Production of Breakfast Cereals, Snack Pellets, Baby Food and more * Extrusion Technique in Confectionery * Pet Food and Aquafeed * Extrusion-Cooking in Waste Management and Paper Pulp Processing * Thermoplastic Starch * Expanders * Process Automation * Scale-Up of Extrusion-Cooking in Single-Screw Extruders

A fresh view of the state-of-the-art, Advances in Food Extrusion Technology focuses on extruder selection, extrudate development, quality parameters, and troubleshooting in the 21st century extrusion process. In particular, the book:Introduces the history, nomenclature, and working principles of extrusion technologyPresents an overview of various t

Extrusion cooking is an ideal method for manufacturing a number of food products from snacks and breakfast cereals to baby foods. However, as a complex multivariate process it requires careful control if product quality is to be maintained. Edited by a leading authority in the field, and with an international team of contributors, this important collection reviews the key factors affecting quality and how they can be controlled in manufacturing a range of extruded products.The first part of Extrusion Cooking looks at general influences on quality. There are chapters on the selection of raw materials, criteria for selecting the right extruder, analysing and optimising thermal performance in extrusion cooking, and effective process control. There is also an important chapter on maintaining nutritional quality in extruded products.The second part of the book looks at the application of extrusion in particular product groups. Each chapter examines the range of extruded products within the product group, the specific production issues and future trends. It also includes chapters on key products such as breakfast cereals, snack foods and baby foods.Extrusion cooking will be widely welcomed as a major reference in maximising the quality of extruded products. - A key reference to improving efficeincy and quality on extruded products

Extrusion Cooking provides a detailed description of extrusion processing with an in-depth exploration of cereal grains processing. In particular, the book addresses the basic principles of extrusion processing, various extruder parts and their design principles, food ingredients and their characteristics as they relate to extrusion. It also discusses physicochemical changes in the different ingredient components as they are processed in an extruder, modeling and control of extrusion process, scale-up aspects, extrusion plant design, food safety in extrusion, new advancements in extrusion, and a look into the future of extrusion. This valuable text serves as a one-volume reference on extrusion processing for food industry professionals and students. - Covers the engineering, chemistry, nutrition, and food safety aspects of extrusion cooking - Presents both the fundamental and applied aspects of extrusion processing - Details the extrusion of whole-grain, high-fiber, and high-protein foods - Covers both expanded and texturized products - Outlines extrusion processing of different ingredients - Addresses new technologies that have expanded the extruder capabilities - Analyzes new developments in the area of modeling of extrusion processing

The result of years of experience by experts in extrusion technology, Extruders in Food Applications brings together practical experience and in-depth knowledge of extrusion cooking technology. This concise reference summarizes basic considerations for the application of extrusion technology to food industry processes and focuses on the various types of extruders available for a growing number of food applications. Chapters compare and describe the different types of extruders and their functions, including characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and applications, providing a wealth of information about dry extruders, interrupted flight extruder-expanders, and single screw and twin screw extruders. The effects of preconditioning on the raw material and of extrusion on the nutrients of products are covered as well. This book is a valuable source for the technical and practical application of extrusion and will be useful for the selection of the proper equipment for this technology.

Extrusion is the operation of forming and shaping a molten or dough-like material by forcing it through a restriction, or die. It is applied and used in many batch and continuous processes. However, extrusion processing technology relies more on continuous process operations which use screw extruders to handle many process functions such as the transport and compression of particulate components, melting of polymers, mixing of viscous media, heat processing of polymeric and biopolymeric materials, product texturization and shaping, defibering and chemical impregnation of fibrous materials, reactive extrusion, and fractionation of solid-liquid systems. Extrusion processing technology is highly complex, and in-depth descriptions and discussions are required in order to provide a complete understanding and analysis of this area: this book aims to provide readers with these analyses and discussions. Extrusion Processing Technology: Food and Non-Food Biomaterials provides an overview of extrusion processing technology and its established and emerging industrial applications. Potency of process intensification and sustainable processing is also discussed and illustrated. The book aims to span the gap between the principles of extrusion science and the practical knowledge of operational engineers and technicians. The authors bring their research and industrial experience in extrusion processing technology to provide a comprehensive, technical yet readable volume that will appeal to readers from both academic and practical backgrounds. This book is primarily aimed at scientists and engineers engaged in industry, research, and teaching activities related to the extrusion processing of foods (especially cereals, snacks, textured and fibrated proteins, functional ingredients, and instant powders), feeds (especially aquafeeds and petfoods), bioplastics and plastics, biosourced chemicals, paper pulp, and biofuels. It will also be of interest to students of food science, food engineering, and chemical engineering. Also available Formulation Engineering of Foods Edited by J.E. Norton, P.J. Fryer and I.T. Norton ISBN 978-0-470-67290-7 Food and Industrial Bioproducts and Bioprocessing Edited by N.T. Dunford ISBN 978-0-8138-2105-4 Handbook of Food Process Design Edited by J. Ahmed and M.S. Rahman ISBN 978-1-4443-3011-3

Food Engineering is a component of Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Food Engineering became an academic discipline in the 1950s. Today it is a professional and scientific multidisciplinary field related to food manufacturing and the practical applications of food science. These volumes cover five main topics: Engineering Properties of Foods; Thermodynamics in Food Engineering; Food Rheology and Texture; Food Process Engineering; Food Plant Design, which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs

Since Arnold Bender's classic Food processing and nutrition in 1978, there has been no single volume survey of the impact of processing on the nutritional quality of food. With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, The nutrition handbook for food processors, fills that gap. It summarises the wealth of research in an area as important to the food industry as it is to health-conscious consumers.Part one provides the foundation for the rest of the book, looking at consumers and nutrition. After a discussion of surveys on what consumers eat, there are two reviews of research on the contribution of vitamins and minerals to health. Three further chapters discuss how nutrient intake is measured and at how nutrition information is presented to and interpreted by consumers. Part two looks at processing and nutritional quality. Two introductory chapters look at raw materials, discussing the nutritional enhancement of plant foods and meat respectively. The remaining chapters review the impact of processing, beginning with a general discussion of the stability of vitamins during processing. There are chapters on processes such as thermal processing, frying, freezing, packaging and irradiation. The book also covers newer processes such as microwave processing, ohmic heating and high pressure processing.Given the unprecedented attention on the impact of processing on the nutritional quality of food, The nutrition handbook for food processors is a standard work in its field. - Summarises key findings on diet and nutrient intake, the impact of nutrients on health, and how food processing operations affect the nutritional quality of foods - Examines consumers and nutrition, processing and nutritional quality, and nutritional enhancement of plant foods and meat, among other topics - Reviews the wealth of recent research in an area as important to the food industry as it is to health-conscious consumers