In international arbitration as practiced today, few issues are as controversial and hotly debated as the foreign enforcement of an arbitral award that has been annulled in its originating jurisdiction. As more and more jurisdictions challenge such annulments, the issue has inevitably attracted the intense scrutiny of practitioners and scholars. Now, in the first book written on the subject--and a major work unlikely to be superseded for quite some time--the international practitioner and scholar Dr. Hamid G. Gharavi provides a keen, in-depth analysis of the sources, legal and practical grounds, and possible solutions of the problem, particularly as it affects international business transactions in the global economy. Dr Gharavi analyzes the relevant provisions in all major international arbitration conventions, as well as national laws on the annulment and enforcement of arbitral awards in force in more than fifty different countries. Among the book's most notable features are the following: invaluable information on, and an in-depth analysis of, the travaux pr?paratoires of the New York Convention pertaining to the articulation of annulment/enforcement controls; the effects of the cultural, judicial, and legal diversity of states; and clear elucidation of the interests that often separate North from South in the practice of arbitration. With detailed attention to theoretical and practical perspectives--especially as they reveal the dangers to which the enforcement of annulled awards can subject international business operators-- Dr Gharavi arrives, after consideration of all interests, at a global resolution aiming to establish an effective and harmonious international legal framework for the control of awards in accordance with the nature and mission of arbitration.

The vision of the New International Order emphasizes justice and equality. It also raises profound questions about the nature and future of the relationship between postindustrial and Third World countries. The counterpart system describes one aspect of this relationship: an expert from a postindustrial country teaches a special skill to a Third World national. In this collection contributors draw on political science, economics, education, sociology, history, and communications theory to illuminate the forces that shape the nature of the exchange of expertise between postindustrial and Third World countries. Each author raises theoretical points and offers practical observations about the future of this exchange—a critical point of contact--in the New International Order.

Central to the book’s purpose is the procedural challenge facing arbitrators at each and every stage of the arbitral process when fairness arguments conflict with efficiency concerns and trade-offs must be determined. Some key themes include how can a tribunal be fair, and in particular be neutral, if parties are so diverse? How can arbitration be made efficient and cost-effective without undue inroads into fairness and accuracy? How does a tribunal do what is best if the parties are choosing a suboptimal process? When can or must an arbitrator ignore procedural choices made by the parties? The author thoroughly evaluates competing arguments and adds his own practical tips, expertly synthesizing and engaging with the conference literature and differing authors’ views. He identifies criteria that offer a harmonized approach to each stage of the arbitral process, with particular attention to such aspects of international arbitration as: appropriate trade-offs between flexibility and certainty; the rights, duties and powers of arbitrators; appointment and challenge of arbitrators; responses to ‘guerilla’ tactics; drafting of arbitration agreements, including specialty clauses; drafting of required commencement notices and response documents; set-off; fast track arbitration and other efficiency options; strategic use of preliminary conferences and timetabling; online arbitration; multi-party, multi-contract, class arbitration; amicus and third party funders; pre-arbitral referees and interim relief; witness evidence, both factual and expert; documentary evidence, production obligations, and challenges to production; identifying applicable law; and remedies and costs.

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Build strong potential for the latest Cambridge assessments with this clear Revision Guide. It works alongside the Student Book to reinforce your students' knowledge and understanding, clarifying all the key concepts. The course is mapped to the latest Cambridge syllabus, for first examination in 2018.

Encyclopedia of Public International Law, 9: International Relations and Legal Cooperation in General, Diplomacy, and Consular Relations focuses on international relations and legal cooperation in general, including diplomacy and consular relations. The publication first offers information on the international aspects of administrative law, the Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee, Atlantic Charter (1941), Bandung Conference (1955), and the international regulation on broadcasting. The text also examines the international protection of children, coded communications, international conferences and congresses, consular jurisdiction, treaties, and relations, and international criminal law. Discussions focus on bilateral consular agreements, establishment of consular relations, privileges and immunities, legal situation, historical evolution of legal rules, and protection for children in special situations. The manuscript ponders on wildlife protection, international regulation on the use of water, waste disposal, unjust enrichment, transfrontier pollution, tourism, terrorism, and international regulation on telecommunications. Topics include principles governing international telecommunication, space telecommunications, special legal problem on terrorism, touristic relations between states, historical evolution of transfrontier pollution, international consequences of water use, and global, regional, and bilateral treatises on wildlife protection. The publication is a vital source of data for researchers interested in international relations and legal cooperation in general, as well as diplomacy and consular relations.

Learning Greek is a difficult task, and the payoff may not be readily apparent. To demonstrate the insight that knowing Greek grammar can bring, Benjamin Merkle summarizes 35 key Greek grammatical issues and their significance for interpreting the New Testament. This book is perfect for students looking to apply the Greek they have worked so hard to learn as well as for past students who wish to review their Greek.