This book provides the reader with a unique opportunity to understand the basic and applied research and technology areas that support applications to enable Transformational capabilities for US Soldiers. The research papers are in line with the theme of the 24th Army Science Conference: “Transformational Science and Technology for the Current and Future Force,” emphasizing the critical role of Science and Technology in addressing the significant challenges posed by Global War On Terrorism while simultaneously developing Transformational capabilities for the Future Force.

The inherent advantages and potential payoffs of the terahertz (THz) regime for military and security applications serve as an important driver for interest in new THz-related science and technology. In particular, the very rapid growth in more recent years is arguably most closely linked to the potential payoffs of THz sensing and imaging (THz-S&I).This book presents some of the leading fundamental research efforts towards the realization of practical THz-S&I capabilities for military and security applications. Relevant subjects include theoretical prediction and/or measurement of THz spectroscopic phenomenon in solid-state materials such as high explosives (e.g. HMX, PETN, RDX, TNT, etc.), carbon-fiber composites, biological agents (e.g. DNA, RNA, proteins, amino acids) and organic-semiconductor nanostructures. Individual papers also address the effective utilization of state-of-the-art THz-frequency technology in military and security relevant scenarios such as standoff S&I, screening of packages and personnel, and perimeter defense. Technical papers introduce novel devices and/or concepts that enhance THz source and detector performance, enabling completely new types of sensor functionality at THz frequency (e.g. detection at nanoscale/molecular levels), and defining new and innovative sensing modalities (e.g. remote personnel identification) for defense and security. Therefore, the collective research presented here represents a valuable source of information on the evolving field of THz-S&I for military and security applications.

This book provides unique perspectives on both state-of-the-art hyperspectral techniques for the early-warning monitoring of water supplies against chemical, biological and radiological (CBR) contamination effects as well as the emerging spectroscopic science and technology base that will be used to support an array of CBR defense and security applications in the future. The technical content in this book lends itself to the non-traditional requirements for point and stand-off detection that have evolved out of the US joint services programs over many years. In particular, the scientific and technological work presented seeks to enable hyperspectral-based sensing and monitoring that is real-time; in-line; low in cost and labor; and easy to support, maintain and use in military- and security-relevant scenarios.

In 2009, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) released the report Warfighter Support: Independent Expert Assessment of Army Body Armor Test Results and Procedures Needed Before Fielding, which commented on the conduct of the test procedures governing acceptance of body armor vest-plate inserts worn by military service members. This GAO report, as well as other observations, led the Department of Defense Director, Operational Test & Evaluation, to request that the National Research Council (NRC) Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences conduct a three-phase study to investigate issues related to the testing of body armor materials for use by the U.S. Army and other military departments. Phase I and II resulted in two NRC letter reports: one in 2009 and one in 2010. This report is Phase III in the study. Testing of Body Armor Materials: Phase III provides a roadmap to reduce the variability of clay processes and shows how to migrate from clay to future solutions, as well as considers the use of statistics to permit a more scientific determination of sample sizes to be used in body armor testing. This report also develops ideas for revising or replacing the Prather study methodology, as well as reviews comments on methodologies and technical approaches to military helmet testing. Testing of Body Armor Materials: Phase III also considers the possibility of combining various national body armor testing standards.

Supplying a breadth and depth of coverage beyond that found in most traditional texts, Introduction to Human Factors and Ergonomics for Engineers, Second Edition presents and integrates important methods and tools used in the fields of Industrial Engineering, Human Factors and Ergonomics to design and improve jobs, tasks and products. It presents these topics with a practical, applied orientation suitable for engineering undergraduate students. See What’s New in the Second Edition: Revised order of chapters to group together topics related to the physical and cognitive aspects of human-integrated systems Substantially updated material emphasizes the design of products people work with, tasks or jobs people perform, and environments in which people live The book has sufficient material to be used in its entirety for a two semester sequence of classes, or in part for a single semester course, focusing on selected topics covered in the text. The authors provide a set of guidelines and principles for the design and analysis of human-integrated systems and highlights their application to industry and service systems. It addresses the topics of human factors, work measurement and methods improvement, and product design an approachable style. The common thread throughout the book is on how better "human factors" can lead to improved safety, comfort, enjoyment, acceptance, and effectiveness in all application arenas. Packed with cases studies and examples, readers can use well beyond the classroom and into their professional lives.

Emphasizing customer oriented design and operation, Introduction to Human Factors and Ergonomics for Engineers explores the behavioral, physical, and mathematical foundations of the discipline and how to apply them to improve the human, societal, and economic well being of systems and organizations. The book discusses product design, such as tools,

This book provides unique perspectives on the state of the art in multispectral/hyperspectral techniques for early-warning monitoring against chemical, biological and radiological (CB&R) contamination of both surface (e.g. land) and air (e.g. atmospheric) environments through the presentation of a comprehensive survey of the novel spectroscopic methodologies and technologies that are emerging to address the CB&R defense and security challenges of the future. The technical content in this book lends itself to the non-traditional requirements for point and stand-off detection that have evolved out of the US joint services programs over many years. In particular, the scientific and technological work presented seeks to enable hyperspectral-based sensing and monitoring that is in real time and in-line; low in cost and labor requirements; and easy to support, maintain and use in military and security-relevant scenarios.

Frontiers in Electronics includes the best papers of WOFE-11 invited by the Editors and down selected after the peer review process. This book is conceived to make available in the international arena extended versions of selected, high impact talks. The papers are divided into four sections: advanced terahertz and photonics devices; silicon and germanium on insulator and advanced CMOS and MOSHFETs; nanomaterials and nanodevices; wide band gap technology for high power and UV photonics.

Advanced High Speed Devices covers five areas of advanced device technology: terahertz and high speed electronics, ultraviolet emitters and detectors, advanced III-V field effect transistors, III-N materials and devices, and SiC devices. These emerging areas have attracted a lot of attention and the up-to-date results presented in the book will be of interest to most device and electronics engineers and scientists. The contributors range from prominent academics, such as Professor Lester Eastman, to key US Government scientists, such as Dr Michael Wraback. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Simulation and Experimental Results on Gan Based Ultra-Short Planar Negative Differential Conductivity Diodes for THZ Power Generation (563 KB). Contents: Simulation and Experimental Results on GaN Basee Ultra-Short Planar Negative Differential Conductivity Diodes for THz Power Generation (B Aslan et al.); Millimeter Wave to Terahertz in CMOS (K K O S Sankaran et al.); Surface Acoustic Wave Propagation in GaN-On-Sapphire Under Pulsed Sub-Band Ultraviolet Illumination (V S Chivukula et al.); The First 70nm 6-Inch GaAs PHEMT MMIC Process (H Karimy et al.); Performance of MOSFETs on Reactive-Ion-Etched GaN Surfaces (K Tang et al.); GaN Transistors for Power Switching and Millimeter-Wave Applications (T Ueda et al.); Bi-Directional Scalable Solid-State Circuit Breakers for Hybrid-Electric Vehicles (D P Urciuoli & V Veliadis); and other papers. Readership: Electronic engineers, solid state physicists, graduate students studying physics or electrical engineering.