World Tuberculosis (TB) Day takes place on 24th March and is designed to build awareness about the global epidemic of TB as well as the efforts and advances in eliminating the disease. TB is one of the leading causes of death from infectious diseases. The 24th March commemorates that day when Dr. Robert Koch announced that a small group of scientists at the University of Berlin’s Institute had discovered the cause of tuberculosis, the TB bacillus in 1882. This marked a turning point in the story of virulent human infectious diseases. It is in this spirit that Frontiers is launching this Research Topic to coincide with this United Nations (UN) day. This occasion not only offers an opportunity to acknowledge and build awareness of the diseases but also to consider the importance of research in pharmacology and advances in treatment strategies.

This report is WHO's thirteenth annual report on global tuberculosis (TB) control in a series that started in 1997. It presents WHO's latest assessment of the epidemiological burden of TB (numbers of cases and deaths), as well as progress towards the 2015 targets for global TB control that have been established within the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It also includes a thorough analysis of implementation and financing of the WHO's Stop TB Strategy and the Stop TB Partnership's Global Plan to Stop TB, since in combination these have set out how TB control needs to be implemented and funded to achieve the 2015 targets. The report gives particular attention to the period 2006-2009, but selected epidemiological, implementation and financial data are presented for previous years as well. This includes epidemiological data back to 1990 and financial data back to 2002.Bringing together data reported by 196 out of 212 countries and territories in 2008, as well as data collected from these countries and territories in previous years, "Global Tuberculosis Control 2009" is the definitive source of information about the national and international response to the worldwide TB epidemic.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been recorded at the highest rates ever, according to this new report that presents findings from the largest survey to date on the scale of drug resistance in tuberculosis. This fourth global report is based on information collected between 2002 and 2006 on 90,000 TB patients in 81 countries. It also found that extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), a virtually untreatable form of the respiratory disease, has been recorded in 45 countries. The primary aim of this report is to share survey and surveillance data on drug resistance in TB. The data presented here are supplied largely by the program managers who have led the work on surveys, but also heads of reference laboratories as well as principle investigators that may have been hired to assist the national Tuberculosis Program with the study.

This book provides all the vital information you need to know about tuberculosis, especially in the face of drug-resistant strains of the disease. Coverage includes which patient populations face an elevated risk of infection, as well as which therapies are appropriate and how to correctly monitor ongoing treatment so that patients are cured. Properly administer screening tests, interpret their results, and identify manifestations of the disease, with authoritative guidance from expert clinicians from around the world. Discusses screening tests for tuberculosis so you can interpret their results and identify not only common manifestations of the disease, but also those that are comparatively rare—such as tuberculosis in pregnant women. Covers all clinical aspects of tuberculosis in children, including current practices on managing those infected with HIV. Provides details on how best to interact with the public health system in both industrialized and developing countries. Addresses the social aspects of tuberculosis and presents the latest advances on new and potential vaccines against tuberculosis. Offers the expertise of internationally recognized tuberculosis clinicians to provide you with well-rounded, global coverage. Features numerous illustrations to provide clear and detailed depictions of rare manifestations of tuberculosis.

World tuberculosis day takes place on the 24th of March, commemorating the date Robert Koch announced he had discovered TB bacillus, the bacterium causing tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is still a widespread epidemic in various parts of the world, leading to over one and a half million worldwide annual deaths, which disproportionally affects developing countries. The COVID-19 pandemic shifted countries’ focus away from tuberculosis, putting the goals of the End TB project at risk. The World Tuberculosis Day 2023 focuses on boosting awareness, hoping to increase public and political involvement —which will be crucial for the UN High-level meeting on TB in September 2023. Political will is needed to increase financial investment in current TB programs, as well as to improve the research and development of strategies to improve TB prevention (such as the development of a new TB vaccine), TB diagnosis (such as improving the speed and efficiency of current molecular diagnostic tests), and TB treatment (such as finding shorter and more efficient treatments). It is in this spirit that Frontiers is launching a new article collection to coincide with this UN day. This occasion not only offers an opportunity to raise the visibility of tuberculosis but also to consider solutions to this ongoing epidemic.

Tuberculosis is a global health threat and the unique features of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and emergence of drug-resistant strains highlight the challenge it presents. Covering a wealth of state-of-the-art knowledge from active international experts, this book captures the latest developments in the advent of bacteriological, immunological and molecular tools for diagnosis and the development of new drugs. It shows how the challenge of tuberculosis is currently being met, providing insight into the evidence base underlying new developments in diagnosis, drug development and treatment.

For Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections, Dr. Schlossberg assembled an international team of experts to write about nearly every facet of the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. In addition to presenting the latest clinical data, epidemiological findings, and policy and strategy recommendations of the World Health Organization, four new chapters cover topics of critical importance: The role of therapeutic drug monitoring in mycobacterial infections The public health issues of refugees and migrants, and their exposure and transmission of tuberculosis resulting from humanitarian crises Diabetes mellitus as a significant risk factor for tuberculosis The increased risk of tuberculosis reactivation in people taking tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors and other biopharmaceuticals Other chapters provide detailed information on the clinical, public health, and policy aspects of tracking and treating tuberculosis, including: The many presentations of tuberculosis, from pulmonary to ocular and cardiovascular to urogenital The complications that tuberculosis and antituberculosis therapy cause to the hematologic and endocrine systems Tuberculosis during pregnancy and in infants and children Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drugresistant tuberculosis Development of new vaccines Nontuberculous infections caused by mycobacteria found throughout our environment The seventh edition of Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections is an essential resource for anyone working to prevent and treat tuberculosis and associated infections, from infectious disease specialists to scientists, policymakers, and epidemiologists.

Each year, WHO publishes estimates of TB disease burden (incidence and mortality) at global, regional and country level, covering the period from 2000 until the latest complete calendar year, in the annual WHO Global TB Report. Estimates of the incidence of drug-resistant TB specifically were added to the report in 2016, with a focus on rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB). Since 2006, estimates of TB disease burden have been produced using standard methods that are periodically reviewed by the WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact Measurement. The purpose of the meeting was an up-to-date review by the Task Force of methods being used by WHO to produce estimates of TB disease burden, with a focus on two major topics: (i) Methods for producing estimates of TB incidence and mortality in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; (ii) Methods for producing estimates of the incidence of drug-resistant TB, with a focus on estimates of the incidence of rifampicin resistance.

Entirely updated and revised, the 6th edition of Clinical Tuberculosis continues to provide the TB physician with a definitive and erudite account of the latest techniques in diagnosis, treatment and control of TB, including an overview of the latest guidelines from the CDC and WHO. With an increased emphasis on the clinical aspects and treatment, this book will be an invaluable resource to the TB practitioner in public health or clinical practice and an ideal reference to laboratory staff. Key Features Completely updated and reorganized Includes brand new chapters on radiology and an overview of the latest WHO, ATS/CDC/IDSA, ERS, NICE, CTS and IUATLD guidelines Clinically focused to provide up-to-date guidance on diagnosis, treatment and control Edited by three renowned experts in the field of tuberculosis