In March 1999, New York University Salomon Center in assocIatIOn with the Department of Finance at NYU Stern held a one-day conference on the impact of real estate cycles on the real estate industry both from a domestic as well as an international perspective. The conference featured the leading research on this topic in the United States, Europe and Asia. Currendy, the real estate industry is at a critical point. New development projects around the world are being put on hold given recent developments in the international capital markets. The industry is hard hit by the decline in real estate investment trust (REIT) share prices and a shrink ing pool of capital for real estate ventures. This has unfortunately coincided with serious financial problems of very large hedge funds and other institutional investors in the market for commercial mortgage backed securities. There is need for new insights into the implications of U. S. and global real estate cycles on real estate secu rities including REITs and mortgage-backed securities as well as direct real estate investment. This global orientation is important given the high mobility of capital into the real estate, the increasing integration of real estate markets, and the proposed expan sion of real estate investment trusts (REIT) into international real estate. The process of globalization has resulted in increased competition between cities for the attrac tion of investment.

The purpose of this book is to provide a key text on urban economics in a global context. The book is driven by the themes of urban economics - urban growth, housing, property investment and development, etc. - and the different approaches to these themes taken in different regions of the world are introduced and exemplified in boxes within each chapter.

The financial deregulation of the last quarter century has meant large flows of funds around the world seeking the highest risk-adjusted return for investors. Real estate is now established as an important asset class and advances in information technology provide the necessary tools to complement global developments in real estate finance and investment. A variety of investment vehicles have emerged, andReal Estate Finance in the New Economy examines these along with financing and risk in the context of globalization, deregulation and an increasingly integrated international world economy by exploring questions like: How have real estate financial structures evolved as economies grow and become internationalised? What role do economic change and financial systems play in the development of real estate investment? Are the risks associated with the ‘new economy’ really new? What is the future direction for real estate financing? The authors develop an economic framework for discussions on individual financial products to examine how real estate financial structures change with economic growth and internationalisation and also to show how developments in real estate finance impact economic growth.

As the real estate market becomes increasingly international, it is essential to understand how specific national markets operate and relate to one another. The authors identify the similarities and differences observed across European, Asian and American markets, providing a framework to explain how these diverse national markets converge.

The global economic crisis of 2008 was precipitated by a housing market crash, thus highlighting the destabilizing influence of the property cycle upon the wider economy. This timely book by a world authority explores why cycles occur and how they affect the behaviour of real estate markets. The central argument put forward is that growth and instability are inextricably linked, and that building investment acts both as a key driver of growth and as the source of the most volatile cyclical fluctuations in an economy. The role of building cycles in both economic growth and urban development is explored through a theoretical review and a comparative historical analysis of UK and US national data stretching back to the start of the nineteenth century, together with a case study of the development of London since the start of the eighteenth century. A simulation model of the building cycle is presented and tested using data for the City of London office market. The analysis is then broadened to examine the operation of property cycles in global investment markets during the post-war period, focussing on their contribution to the diffusion of innovation, the accumulation of wealth and the propagation of market instability. Building Cycles: growth & instability concludes by synthesizing the main themes into a theoretical framework, which can guide our understanding of the operation and impact of building cycles on the modern economy. Postgraduate students on courses in property and in urban development as well as professional property researchers, urban economists and planners will find this a stimulating read – demanding but accessible.

This book brings together the latest concepts and models in real-estate derivatives, the new frontier in financial markets. The importance of real-estate derivatives in managing property price risk that has destabilized economies frequently over the last hundred years has been brought into the limelight by Robert Shiller. In spite of his masterful campaign for the introduction of real-estate derivatives, these financial instruments are still in a state of infancy. This book aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview of real-estate derivatives, covering the description of these financial products, their applications, and the most important models proposed in the literature. In order to facilitate a better understanding of the situations when these products can be successfully used, ancillary topics such as real-estate indices, mortgages, securitization, and equity release mortgages are also discussed. The book examines econometric aspects of real-estate index prices time series and financial engineering non-arbitrage principles governing the pricing of derivatives. The emphasis is on understanding the financial instruments through their mechanics and comparative description. The examples are based on real-world data from exchanges or from major investment banks or financial houses in London. The numerical analysis is easily replicable with Excel and Matlab.

This textbook, aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate real estate programmes, provides an overview of real estate investment and pricing in a global context with special attention to the diversification of asset types in three parts. Designed as a successor to Will Fraser’s successful student-led investment book, Principles of Property Investment and Pricing, it encompasses the microeconomics of real estate markets and context alongside pricing failures of real estate highlighted by the impact of the global financial crisis, especially with regard to irrationality and risk. Part 1 focuses on the microeconomics of the real estate sector, covering the complex nature of real estate and the consequences for economic analysis and the operation of the market, the underlying essential processes and principles of real estate investment decision making, including a pricing model, and the significance of real estate cycles and why they occur. Part 2 begins with the characteristics of real estate as an investment, differentiated between direct and indirect investment, and making comparisons with alternative stock market assets, then examines real estate investors and their objectives, including financial institutions, REITs and other indirect vehicles. Additionally, it sets out the frameworks within which real estate investment decisions are made in relation to other investments and focuses on decision-making processes and the practicalities of performance measurement. Emerging real estate debates are discussed in Part 3. These chapters are primarily forward-looking to the implications and challenges for real estate investment, including the consequences of recent aspects of regulation, changes to occupier demand, partly driven by technology but also sustainability pressures, the logic and difficulties of international investment, with a particular focus on emerging markets.

This book discusses the role of central banks and draws lessons from examining their evolution over the past two centuries.

This innovative book analyses the role played by real estate markets in global financial stability and examines the fragile link between the two. Through what transmission channels do housing market cycles influence broader economic systems? How