Costliness, excessive delay, bias against the weak, corruption, underfunding, insufficiency of legal skills and shortage of training programmes (for the judicial staff in its diversity), complexity of legal rules and procedures, including the language of both the law and the Court, dependency vis-à-vis the political authorities; these are flaws documented as hindering equal and effective access to Burundi’s formal state court justice system. This book argues that engaging with out-of-court justice in Burundi’s legal pluralism model may positively impact on people’s access to justice, particularly for the poor and the underprivileged.

Analyzes courts in fourteen selected Asian jurisdictions to provide the most up-to-date and comprehensive interdisciplinary book available.

An analysis of international human rights law's applicability and effectiveness in geographic areas where the State has lost territorial control.

In modern computer era we have computerised everything including the medical profession but why we have not updated our Indian judiciary system alone so far into digital model? Even after the Supreme Court of India had set up a special committee and the committee had given its recommendations during the year 2005 itself and the government also spent during 2011-2015 Rs 640 crs for phase I and Rs 1078 crs for computerisation for creating infra for implementation of e-courting system out of total financial outlay of Rs 1630 crs, allocated money for this. But why it had not been fully implemented is the million dollar questions raised by the public?. Whether it is because of self-interest of the Judiciary or the advocates or court administration?, in spite of more than 3.20 crores are pending before all Indian Courts for decades together? Failure of our part to digitalisation of the court cases records and procedure so far the judicial industry is very much affected due to this corona lockdown period. It is a major setback for judiciary since the “justice delayed means justice denied” How long our judiciary will keep silent for not opening the courts due to corona like virus effect., God only knows the fact. Among the four pillars of our Constitution except Judiciary all the three viz.,Government, Administration and Press are being working for 24X7 , but judiciary is closed its office. In order to overcome this situation I bought up this book “E- Courting and Modernisation of e-judiciary in India “which includes the e- filing procedure before SC & HCs and District courts and SC guidelines regarding the implementation of the e- courting system etc for the benefit of Legal fraternity to switch over immediately in to digital courting and to reduce the pending cases and provide quick justice to our needy poor in time and render them quick justice. Jai Hind.

The state-centred 'Westphalian model' of international law has failed to protect human rights and other international public goods effectively. Most international trade, financial and environmental agreements do not even refer to human rights, consumer welfare, democratic citizen participation and transnational rule of law for the benefit of citizens. This book argues that these 'multilevel governance failures' are largely due to inadequate regulation of the 'collective action problems' in the supply of international public goods, such as inadequate legal, judicial and democratic accountability of governments vis-a-vis citizens. Rather than treating citizens as mere objects of intergovernmental economic and environmental regulation and leaving multilevel governance of international public goods to discretionary 'foreign policy', human rights and constitutional democracy call for 'civilizing' and 'constitutionalizing' international economic and environmental cooperation by stronger legal and judicial protection of citizens and their constitutional rights in international economic law. Moreover intergovernmental regulation of transnational cooperation among citizens must be justified by 'principles of justice' and 'multilevel constitutional restraints' protecting rights of citizens and their 'public reason'. The reality of 'constitutional pluralism' requires respecting legitimately diverse conceptions of human rights and democratic constitutionalism. The obvious failures in the governance of interrelated trading, financial and environmental systems must be restrained by cosmopolitan, constitutional conceptions of international law protecting the transnational rule of law and participatory democracy for the benefit of citizens.

This book focuses on four topical and interconnected, innovative pathways to civil justice within the context of securing and improving access to justice: the use of Artificial Intelligence and its interactions with judicial systems; ADR and ODR tracks in privatising justice systems; the effects of increased self-representation on access to justice; and court specialization and the establishment of commercial courts to counter the trend of vanishing court trials. Top academics and experts from Europe, the US and Canada address these topics in a critical and multidisciplinary manner, combining legal, socio-legal and empirical insights. The book is part of ‘Building EU Civil Justice’, a five-year research project funded by the European Research Council. It will be of interest to scholars and policymakers, as well as practitioners working in the areas of civil justice, alternative dispute resolution, court systems, and legal tech. The chapters “Introduction: The Future of Access to Justice – Beyond Science Fiction” and “Constituting a Civil Legal System Called “Just”: Law, Money, Power, and Publicity” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

First Published in 1997. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

As one of the most important international organisations in the sphere of international trade law, UNCITRAL aims to help develop and promote uniform private law internationally. This comprehensive Companion delineates the range of issues considered at UNCITRAL, as well as assessing the potential for future work and reforms.