Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Enterobacteriaceae. The editors have built Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Enterobacteriaceae in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Enterobacteriaceae Infections—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Enterobacteriaceae Infections. The editors have built Enterobacteriaceae Infections—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Enterobacteriaceae Infections in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Enterobacteriaceae Infections—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Enterobacteriaceae Infections—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Escherichia coli Infections. The editors have built Enterobacteriaceae Infections—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Escherichia coli Infections in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Enterobacteriaceae Infections—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Escherichia. The editors have built Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Escherichia in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Enterobacteriaceae. The editors have built Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Enterobacteriaceae in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Enterobacteriaceae Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Enterobacteriaceae Infections: Advances in Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Enterobacteriaceae Infections. The editors have built Enterobacteriaceae Infections: Advances in Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Enterobacteriaceae Infections in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Enterobacteriaceae Infections: Advances in Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Phosphonic Acids: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Phosphonic Acids in a compact format. The editors have built Phosphonic Acids: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Phosphonic Acids in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Phosphonic Acids: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms that release toxins or invade body tissues. The most common pathogenic organisms are bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths. Systemic infections usually cause fevers, chills, sweats, malaise, and occasionally headache, muscle and joint pain, or changes in mental status, and even septic shock-MODS. Infectious diseases have always threatened populations and caused great loss of life in history, but since the last century, with the discovery of antibiotics, historical trends have been reversed. It is reported that between 1990 and 2017, age-standardized disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates decreased by 41.3% (38.8-43.5) for infectious diseases. However, in 2017, lower respiratory infections are still ranked as the third cause of DALYs. Drug therapy is the one of most critical management strategies for infectious diseases. Efficacy and safety of drug therapy should always be considered, especially in elders, neonates and immunosuppressed patients. Off-label drug therapy has been performed for complex infectious diseases, especially for new emerging infectious diseases. However, off-label drug therapy can be extremely complex: some are prone to rational use, while others are more susceptible to the issues of irrational use. With the increasing rate of publication of data in this area, new evidence for the efficacy and safety of different treatment approaches is constantly developing. Thus, rigorous analysis of such data is imperative, which will guide future clinical practice and guidelines.

Enterobacteriaceaea are spread worldwide and the diseases they cause may be fatal especially in immunocompromised patients. Moreover, the high prevalence of ESBL producing Salmonella and Shigella species diseases worldwide suggests major underlying safety issues. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 2015, approximately 220 million children contract diarrhoeal diseases every year and 96 000 die. As a result, the increase in single or multi drug-resistant foodborne bacterial pathogens is of major public health concern. Moreover, resistance to antimicrobials was found among Salmonella spp and Campylobacter spp from animals and food, and since fluoroquinolones became licensed for use in animal foods, especially for poultry, the rate of fluoroquinolone resistant Salmonella spp and Campylobacter spp in animals and human food, and then in human infections, rapidly increased. To that purpose, the findings of the conducted studies in the book chapters, 1) highlight surveillance studies reporting the occurrence and distribution of resistance to antimicrobial agents, namely, to third generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones, 2) describe the mechanisms of transmission of resistance determinants from animals, food products and clinical specimens, that allow implementation of appropriate measures to control their spread and adopt appropriate therapeutic measures, and 3) provide treatment options, useful to medical practice. Thanks are due to Ms. Kohar Kissoyan fand Mr. Sari Rasheed for the preparation of the E-book cover picture. The author recognizes the efforts of Dr. Elias Rahal for peer editing.

Awarded second place in the 2017 AJN Book of the Year Awards in the Adult Primary Care Category and a 2019 PROSE Award finalist. Get all of the pharmacotherapeutics principles and content you need to become a safe and effective prescriber with Lehne's Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Providers. This new text is built on the same solid foundation of clearly explained, up-to-date, and clinically current content as the undergraduate-level Lehne’s Pharmacology for Nursing Care, yet carefully focuses on the specific principles and drug content needed by primary and acute care nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and clinical nurse specialists. Three introductory chapters provide foundational content in the areas of prescriptive authority, rational drug selection, prescription writing, and promoting positive outcomes of drug therapy. Core chapter content centers on the drugs that advanced practitioner prescribers will see most commonly in clinical practice. You’ll also notice a sharp focus on pharmacotherapeutic decision-making along with a number of prescriber-focused pedagogical aids — including Black Box Warnings — to reinforce the most important information and help you make optimal pharmacotherapeutic decisions. Introductory chapters tailored to the specific needs of advanced practice prescribers cover topics such as prescriptive authority, rational drug selection and prescription writing, and promoting positive outcomes of drug therapy. Carefully focused pharmacotherapeutic content reflects the drugs most commonly seen and used by advanced practice prescribers, with emphasis not on the first drug discovered or developed in each class but on the agents most often used today. Primary care drugs are addressed first in each chapter as appropriate, followed by and acute care drugs. UNIQUE! Prescriber-focused pedagogical aids further reinforce the most important information for advanced practice prescribers. Black Box Warnings alert you to special warnings and precautions related to particular drugs. Integrated coverage of Canadian trade names appears throughout the text and is highlighted with a familiar maple-leaf icon. Integrated coverage of interprofessional collaboration addresses the growing global interest in interprofessional collaboration and incorporates opportunities for interprofessional collaborative practice throughout.