In recent years research on ischemic stroke has developed powerful therapeutic tools. The novel frontiers of stem cells therapy and of hypothermia have been explored, and novel brain repair mechanisms have been discovered. Limits to intravenous thrombolysis have been advanced and powerful endovascular tools have been put at the clinicians' disposal. Surgical decompression in malignant stroke has significantly improved the prognosis of this often fatal condition. This book includes contributions from scientists active in this innovative research. Stroke physicians, students, nurses and technicians will hopefully use it as a tool of continuing medical education to update their knowledge in this rapidly changing field.

A critical and comprehensive look at current state-of-the-art scientific and translational research being conducted internationally, in academia and industry, to address new ways to provide effective treatment to victims of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and other ischemic diseases. Currently stroke can be successfully treated through the administration of a thrombolytic, but the therapeutic window is short and many patients are not able to receive treatment. Only about 30% of patients are "cured" by available treatments. In 5 sections, the proposed volume will explore historical and novel neuroprotection mechanisms and targets, new and combination therapies, as well as clinical trial design for some of the recent bench-side research.

Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) also known as photobiomodulation is almost 50 years old, and recently has been getting increasing acceptance from the scientific, medical, and veterinary communities. Discoveries are constantly being made about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action, the range of diseases that can be treated is also rising, and home use LED devices are becoming common. This book compiles cutting-edge contributions from the world’s leading experts in Photobiomodulation and LLLT. Chapters cover general concepts, mechanisms of action, in vitro studies, pre-clinical animal studies, veterinary applications and a wide range of clinical topics. Edited by Michael Hamblin from Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, aided by two prominent researchers (Marcelo Sousa and Tanupriya Agrawal), this book will appeal to anyone involved in the basic science, translational aspects and clinical applications of LLLT.

This volume sets a basis for effective translational research. Authored by experts in the field of translational stroke research, each chapter specifically addresses one or more components of preclinical stroke research. The emphasis is placed on target identification and drug development using state-of-the-art in vitro and in vivo assays, in combination with in vitro toxicology assays, AMDE and clinical design.

The World Stroke Organization reports that “stroke has already reached epidemic proportions. Globally1 in 4 adults over the age of 25 will have a stroke in their lifetime. 12.2 million people worldwide will have their first stroke this year, and 6.5 million will die as a result.” Ischemic strokes are the most common type of stroke, with about 87% of all strokes being ischemic strokes. This new volume addresses this epidemic by presenting detailed studies on ischemic injury, with emphasis on the molecular-level mechanisms and the role of signaling pathways in the body, their structure, and their mechanism of action. The book focuses on molecular pharmacology plans and explains the new areas of research on the discovery of therapeutic molecules that can be used for combating this life-threatening disease. The authors discuss stroke occurrence at different stages of life as well as sex-based differences in its treatment. They cover aspects of the clinical treatment and diagnosis of patients with cardiovascular events, including in-depth information on the prevention, evaluation, therapy selection, result projection, and long-term course of the disease in affected patients. They also detail the involvement of platelets, neurotransmitters, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and vitamin D in ischemic injury.

This book mainly discusses the current status of stroke transnational research and allows the reader to understand the interplay of common comorbidities in the stroke population such as diabetes and hypertension, and provides insight into stroke targets to promote cell survival, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and most importantly, functional recovery after stroke. Throughout the world, stroke is still a leading cause of mortality and morbidity; each year approximately 15 million people worldwide suffer from stroke. Stroke is now the leading cause of death and disability in China. Large communities of stroke survivors are eagerly awaiting scientific advances in transnational stroke research that would offer neuroprotective therapeutics for acute stroke management, or rehabilitation and regenerative strategies utilizing novel stem cell-based approaches. While research is ongoing, the Editors have compiled this volume to help the further understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke and to review and identify future potential biomarkers. The book is written for students, researchers and physicians in neurosciences, neurology and neuroradiology.

Discovery and Development of Neuroprotective Agents from Natural Products draws together global research on medicinal agents from natural sources as starting points for the design of neuroprotective drugs. From the prediction of promising leads and identification of active agents to the extraction of complex molecules, the book explores a range of important topics to support the development of safer, more economical therapeutics for these increasingly prevalent diseases. Beginning with an overview of current developments in the field, the book goes on to explore the identification, extraction and phytochemistry of such neuroprotective agents as antioxidants, biophenols and naturally occurring anti-inflammatory steroid analogues. Specific natural sources of bioactive agents are reviewed, and the development of these agents into therapeutics for a number of specific neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and ischemic brain stroke, are discussed. Combining the expertise of specialists from around the world, this in the Natural Products Drug Discovery series aims to support and encourage researchers in the investigation of natural sources as starting points for the development of standardized, safe and effective neuroprotective drugs. - Features chapters written by active researchers and leading global experts deeply engaged in the research field of natural product chemistry for drug discovery - Includes comprehensive coverage of cutting-edge research advances in the design of drugs from natural products targeted at different kinds of neurodegenerative diseases - Offers a practical review of identification, isolation and extraction techniques to support medicinal chemists in the lab