First published in 1963. The Moguls, the descendants of the Mongols, two and a half centuries later than Jenghiz Khan, created an empire that stretched from Persia to Burma and from the Himalayas to the centre of the Indian subcontinent. It was a creation almost more astonishing than Jenghiz Khan's own: an empire that was civilized and prosperous, and which left behind an artistic legacy that has been a wonder till this day. Michael Prawdin tells the story which begins with Babur, passes through the reign of Humayun, and finds its climax at the death of Akbar. By this time the empire was no longer a patchwork of incidental conquests dominated by the arms of foreign invaders, but a coherent landmass that had been welded into a co-ordinated state, ruled by one system of administration. The diverse lands had become so many different provinces, held together by a highly organized bureaucracy in which Mohammedans and Hindus were equally eligible to the highest posts, honours and privileges. Moreover, a new cultural synthesis of the Hindu and Moslem cultures had taken shape, and throughout the empire all peoples showed the same demand for knowledge, art, poetry and for refinements of all kinds.

A new interpretation of the Mughal Empire explores Mughal state formation through the pivotal role of its princes.

Akbar's Age is one of the most important landmarks of our medieval history. The relevance of his religious tolerance to the debate on ideological and cultural moorings of modern Indian polity is important. The articles included in this volume are based on a large corpus of original source material shedding light on the history of Akbar's period from a variety of stand points. The volume contains 23 articles grouped into (i) history of ideas, (ii) political history, (iii) source and historiography and (iv) art and architecture. In each one of the above four areas the researchers have broken new ground and have further enriched our understanding of the history of this reign.

The Rise of The Indo-Afghan Empire, c. 1710-1780 deals with the magnificent world of Afghan nomads, horse-dealers and mercenaries bridging the frontiers between the old metropolitan centres of India, Iran and Central Asia. During the eighteenth century they succeeded in establishing a vigorous new system of Indo-Afghan states. In Central Asia, the Afghans created an imperial tradition on the basis of long-standing Perso-Islamic ideals. In India, along the caravan routes with Turkistan and Tibet, they carved out thriving principalities in association with military service and the breeding and trade in war-horses. By fully incorporating this Afghan ascendancy into the fabric of Islamic and world history the author challenges the widely held notion of a gloomy Afghan past.