Annual Review in Automatic Programming is a collection of papers presented at the Working Conference on Automatic Programming of Digital Computers held in Brighton, UK, on April 1-3, 1959. Contributors focus on developments in automatic programming and cover topics ranging from automatic coding for TREAC to the PEGASUS and MERCURY autocodes, automatic programming of DEUCE, and the philosophy of programming. Business applications of automatic programming are also discussed. This book is comprised of 17 chapters and begins with a review of future trends in automatic programming, focusing on the environment of a computer as well as machine languages and automatic codes. The features of existing automatic programming languages are also described, along with the advantages and disadvantages of such languages. The next chapter presents some of the arguments in favor of standardized notations for programming, mainly with reference to scientific problems. The reader is also introduced to the Mark 5 system of automatic coding for TREAC; assembly, interpretive, and conversion programs for PEGASUS; and application of formula translation to the automatic coding of ordinary differential equations. The final chapter describes a machine designed for the manufacture of accurate models for wind tunnel tests. This monograph will be of interest to computer programmers, computer manufacturers, computer users, and university students.

Computer Science and Technology and their Application is an eight-chapter book that first presents a tutorial on database organization. Subsequent chapters describe the general concepts of Simula 67 programming language; incremental compilation and conversational interpretation; dynamic syntax; the ALGOL 68. Other chapters discuss the general purpose conversational system for graphical programming and automatic theorem proving based on resolution. A survey of extensible programming language is also shown.

Annual Review in Automatic Programming, Volume 9 deals with automatic programming, with emphasis on the programming language ALGOL 68. The book demonstrates the progression in the formal definition of programming languages from ALGOL 60 through to the revised version of ALGOL 68. Other topics range from real-time operating systems and process control languages to data flow analysis, microprocessors, design automation, real-time system specifications, and Fortran real-time programming. After an introduction to the formal definition of ALGOL 68, this volume turns to an operating system which provides for a flexible interface to support a wide spectrum of real-time language facilities. The chapters that follow focus on data flow through the elements of a real time application, the possibilities as well as the problems of future microprocessor applications in real-time systems, and the design goals and main principles of a monitor called SIMON. A language based upon an automaton model is also described, with particular reference to synchronizations between actions and events. In addition, the book presents a pilot study of the possibility to develop an integrated interactive system for computer aided design of control computer systems and considers the industrial real-time BASIC designed for process control. A chapter discussing the unique distributed DDC system developed by Tokyo Gas Company and Hitachi for city gas production plants concludes the book. This book will be of use to students and professionals interested in programming languages.

Problem oriented programming languages as they have developed over the last ten years essentially serve two purposes which somewhat crudely can be described by the terms man-man communication and man-machine communication, respectively. As a carrier of information between humans, the problem oriented programming language is designed to express the essence of an algorithm in a way which is un ambiguous and concise as well as independent of (and therefore meaning ful without any reference to) the changing details of computing machine ry. As a carrier of information from man to computer, the language permits the human programmer to express his computational needs in a compact way adapted to the general characteristics of computers, but freed from the burdening details of specific computer facilities. This presupposes the existence of algorithms, or programs, which permit the computer itself to transform efficiently programs written in the problem oriented language into machine programs. Thus the entire computing community profits from the work of the individual programmer. The primary purpose of the Handbook is to present a set of algorithms of broad utility from the domain of numerical mathematics written in the problem oriented language ALGOL 60. Therefore, volumes I a and I b are in a sense supplementary as they serve to introduce this language. Volume I a gives a description of the language proper and of its use for writing correct programs. Thus, volume I a primarily covers the aspect of man-man communication by means of ALGOL 60.

History of Programming Languages presents information pertinent to the technical aspects of the language design and creation. This book provides an understanding of the processes of language design as related to the environment in which languages are developed and the knowledge base available to the originators. Organized into 14 sections encompassing 77 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the programming techniques to use to help the system produce efficient programs. This text then discusses how to use parentheses to help the system identify identical subexpressions within an expression and thereby eliminate their duplicate calculation. Other chapters consider FORTRAN programming techniques needed to produce optimum object programs. This book discusses as well the developments leading to ALGOL 60. The final chapter presents the biography of Adin D. Falkoff. This book is a valuable resource for graduate students, practitioners, historians, statisticians, mathematicians, programmers, as well as computer scientists and specialists.

Analogues for the Solution of Boundary-Value Problems considers the simulation of integral methods of solving boundary-value problems. This book is organized into 11 chapters. After the introduction provided in Chapter I, the formulation of some important engineering problems that reduce to the solution of partial differential equations is reviewed in Chapter II. Chapter III covers the mathematical methods for the solution of problems, such as the thermal problem of electrode graphitization and underground coal gasification. The theory of the physical processes of electrical simulation and principles involved in the construction of analogues is elaborated in Chapter IV, while the measurements in electrical analogues is deliberated in Chapter V. Chapters VI to VIII describe the construction of network analyzers and star-integrating networks. The methods of physical simulation for the solution of certain boundary-value problems are analyzed in Chapter IX. Chapters X and XI are devoted to future improvements and developments in analogues for the solution of boundary-value problems. This publication is intended for college students and specialists engaged in solving boundary-value problems.