In 1982 the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control (IAWPRC), as it was then called, established a Task Group on Mathematical Modelling for Design and Operation of Activated Sludge Processes. The aim of the Task Group was to create a common platform that could be used for the future development of models for COD and N removal with a minimum of complexity. As the collaborative result of the work of several modelling groups, the Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) was published in 1987, exactly 25 years ago. The ASM1 can be considered as the reference model, since this model triggered the general acceptance of wastewater treatment modelling, first in the research community and later on also in practice. ASM1 has become a reference for many scientific and practical projects, and has been implemented (in some cases with modifications) in most of the commercial software available for modelling and simulation of plants for N removal. The models have grown more complex over the years, from ASM1, including N removal processes, to ASM2 (and its variations) including P removal processes, and ASM3 that corrects the deficiencies of ASM1 and is based on a metabolic approach to modelling. So far, ASM1 is the most widely applied. Applications of Activated Sludge Models has been prepared in celebration of 25 years of ASM1 and in tribute to the activated sludge modelling pioneer, the late Professor G.v.R. Marrais. It consists of a dozen of practical applications for ASM models to model development, plant optimization, extension, upgrade, retrofit and troubleshooting, carried out by the members of the Delft modelling group over the last two decades.

Mathematical modelling of activated sludge systems is used widely for plant design, optimisation, training, controller design and research. The quality of simulation studies varies depending on the project objectives, finances and expertise available. Consideration has to be given to the model accuracy and the amount of time required carrying out a simulation study to produce the desired accuracy. Inconsistent approaches and insufficient documentation make quality assessment and comparison of simulation results difficult or almost impossible. A general framework for the application of activated sludge models is needed in order to overcome these obstacles. The genesis of the Good Modelling Practice (GMP) Task Group lies in a workshop held at the 4th IWA World Water Congress in Marrakech, Morocco where members of research groups active in wastewater treatment modelling came together to develop plans to synthesize the best practices of modellers from all over the world. The most cited protocols were included in the work, amongst others from: HSG (Hochschulgruppe), STOWA, BIOMATH and WERF. The goal of the group is to set up an internationally accepted framework to deal with the ASM type models in practice. This framework shall make modelling more straightforward and systematic to use especially for practitioners and consultants. Additionally, it shall help to define quality levels for simulation results, a procedure to assess this quality and to assist in the proper use of the models. The framework will describe a methodology for goal-oriented application of activated sludge models demonstrated by means of a concise guideline about the procedure of a simulation study and some illustrative case studies. The case studies shall give examples for the required data quality and quantity and the effort for calibration/validation with respect to a defined goal. The final report will include an extended appendix with additional information and details of methodologies. Additional features in Guidelines for Using Activated Sludge Models include a chapter on modelling industrial wastewater, an overview on the history, current practice and future of activated sludge modelling and several explanatory case studies. It can be used as an introductory book to learn about Good Modelling Practice (GMP) in activated sludge modelling and will be of special interest for process engineers who have no prior knowledge of modelling or for lecturers who need a textbook for their students. The STR can also be used as a modelling reference book and includes an extended appendix with additional information and details of methodologies. Scientific and Technical Report No. 22

The MBR market continues to experience a massive growth. The best practice in the field is constantly changing and unique quality requirements and management issues are regularly emerging. The second edition of Membrane Biological Reactors: Theory, Modeling, Design, Management and Applications to Wastewater Reuse comprehensively covers the salient features and emerging issues associated with the MBR technology. The book provides thorough coverage starting from biological aspects and fundamentals of membranes, via modeling and design concepts, to practitioners’ perspective and good application examples. In the second edition, the chapters have been updated to cover the recently emerged issues. Particularly, the book presents the current status of the technology including market drivers/ restraints and development trend. Process fundamentals (both the biological and membrane components) have received in-depth coverage in the new edition. A new chapter has been added to provide a stronger focus on reuse applications in general and the decisive role of MBR in the entire reuse chain. The second edition also comes with a new chapter containing practical design problems to complement the concepts communicated throughout the book. Other distinguishing features of the new edition are coverage of novel developments and hybrid processes for specialised wastewaters, energy efficiency and sustainability of the process, aspects of MBR process automation and recent material on case studies. The new edition is a valuable reference to the academic and professional community and suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate teaching in Environmental Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology.

The awareness of environment protection is a great achievement of humans; an expression of self-awareness. Even though the idea of living while protecting the environment is not new, it has never been so widely and deeply practiced by any nations in history like it is today. From the late 90s in the last century, the surprisingly fast dev

Special Offer: Cao Ye Shi Author Set - Buy all three books together and save a total £76! Many Biological Nitrogen Removal (BNR) activated sludge processes in warm climates are conservatively designed, because little systematic investigation has been carried out on the BNR activated sludge process in warm or tropical climates, although many studies under temperate climate conditions are available. This book covers a wide spectrum of mechanistic approaches to deal with BNR activated sludge related issues such as sewage and sludge characterization, dynamic performance of full-scale processes, laboratory simulation and modelling that leads to a mechanistic and more economic design. Recommendations on the operation, upgrading and design of BNR activated sludge process are formulated. This will significantly aid the promotion of nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants in warm or tropical climates, particularly in developing countries. The book has three purposes: to make recommendations for appropriate upgrading of existing activated sludge processes and assess the performance of the upgraded activated sludge processes; to explore the feasibility of employing laboratory-scale systems to simulate the performance of full-scale processes; and to use mathematical modelling calibrated with the measured data obtained from the laboratory-scale experimentation to study the performance and the design of full-scale processes. Reports are presented of comprehensive studies on: (i) on-site investigation of the activated sludge processes in three water reclamation plants (WRPs) in Singapore; (ii) laboratory-scale investigations to simulate the performance of full-scale activated sludge processes and to optimize the process design; and (iii) mathematical modelling and simulation with Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM No. 1). Based on these detailed studies, guidelines on the operation, upgrading and design of the BNR activated sludge process in warm climates are presented. Results indicate that the laboratory-scale systems, designed based on the scale-down principles developed in this study and mathematic simulation with the model parameters calibrated by using the data obtained from the laboratory experiment, were able to describe the performance of the full-scale process.The applications of the approaches and principles are not limited to geographic locations and types of pollutants, and thus can reduce significantly the cost and time for the process development of the activated sludge process. This book will be an invaluable reference source for process and design engineers and consultants concerned with biological wastewater treatment as well as researchers in universities and research institutes.

This book has been produced to give a total overview of the Activated Sludge Model (ASM) family at the start of 2000 and to give the reader easy access to the different models in their original versions. It thus presents ASM1, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3 together for the first time. Modelling of activated sludge processes has become a common part of the design and operation of wastewater treatment plants. Today models are being used in design, control, teaching and research. Contents ASM3: Introduction, Comparison of ASM1 and ASM3, ASM3: Definition of compounds in the model, ASM3: Definition of processes in the Model, ASM3: Stoichiometry, ASM3: Kinetics, Limitations of ASM3, Aspects of application of ASM3, ASM3C: A Carbon based model, Conclusion ASM 2d: Introduction, Conceptual Approach, ASM 2d, Typical Wastewater Characteristics and Kinetic and Stoichiometric Constants, Limitations, Conclusion ASM 2: Introduction, ASM 2, Typical Wastewater Characteristics and Kinetic and Stoichiometric Constants, Wastewater Characterization for Activated Sludge Processes, Calibration of the ASM 2, Model Limitations, Conclusion, Bibliography ASM 1: Introduction, Method of Model Presentation, Model Incorporating Carbon Oxidation Nitrification and Denitrification, Characterization of Wastewater and Estimation of Parameter Values, Typical Parameter Ranges, Default Values, and Effects of Environmental Factors, Assumptions, Restrictions and Constraints, Implementation of the Activated Sludge Model Scientific and Technical Report No.9

Mathematical modeling is a useful tool for the design, analysis and control of wastewater treatment systems. The activated sludge process is one of the most common processes used in wastewater treatment, and therefore is a particularly important candidate for the application of mathematical models. In the 1980s, a task group organized by the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) developed a conceptual model of the activated sludge process, which has become an industry-wide standard for the development of computer-based activated sludge models. A recent version of the IAWQ model incorporates 19 components, 17 processes, and numerous rate and stoichiometric coefficients. It is difficult and costly to quantify all of the necessary coefficients for any given application of the model; consequently, it is important to identify the most critical wastewater and biomass components and the relevant coefficients to be quantified for the most common uses of the model. It is also important to provide guidance to potential model users on the use of default and/or estimated values for the remaining parameters.

This book presents a collection of articles on the advanced and interdisciplinary application of innovative technologies. Scientific investigations and results of the conference 13th Days of Bosnian-Herzegovinian American Academy of Art and Sciences held in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, June 23-26, 2022, are presented in this book. The up-to-date advances in various fields of engineering have been presented through numerous papers spanning the disciplines of civil engineering, mechanical engineering, advanced electrical power systems, computer modeling and simulations for engineering applications, computer science and artificial intelligence, geodesy and geoinformation, data science and geographic information systems and information and communication technologies. The editors would like to extend special gratitude to all the chairs of the planned symposia of the 13th Days of BHAAAS for their dedicated work in the production of this book.

by Professor Poul Harremoes Environmental engineering has been a discipline dominated by empirical approaches to engineering. Historically speaking, the development of urban drainage structures was very successful on the basis of pure empiricism. Just think of the impressive structures built by the Romans long before the discipline of hydraulics came into being. The fact is that the Romans did not know much about the theories of hydraulics, which were discovered as late as the mid-1800s. However, with the Renaissance came a new era. Astronomy (Galileos) and basic physics (Newton) started the scientific revolution and in the mid-1800s Navier and Stokes developed the application of Newtons laws to hydrodynamics, and later, St. Venant the first basic physics description of the motion of water in open channels. The combination of basic physical understanding of the phenomena involved in the flow of water in pipes and the experience gained by "trial and error", the engineering approach to urban drainage improved the design and performance of the engineering drainage infrastructure. However, due to the mathematical complications of the basic equations, solutions were available only to quite simple cases of practical significance until the introduction of new principles of calculation made possible by computers and their ability to crunch numbers. Now even intricate hydraulic phenomena can be simulated with a reasonable degree of confidence that the simulations are in agreement with performance in practice, if the models are adequately calibrated with sample performance data.

Water Security: Big Data-Driven Risk Identification, Assessment and Control of Emerging Contaminants contains the latest information on big data-driven risk detection and analysis, risk assessment and environmental health effect, intelligent risk control technologies, and global control strategy of emerging contaminants. First, this book highlights advances and challenges throughout the detection of emerging chemical contaminants (e.g., antimicrobials, microplastics) by sensors or mass spectrometry, as well as emerging biological contaminant (e.g., ARGs, pathogens) by a combination of next- and third-generation sequencing technologies in aquatic environment. Second, it discusses in depth the ecological risk assessment and environmental health effects of emerging contaminants. Lastly, it presents the most up-to-date intelligent risk management technologies. This book shares instrumental global strategy and policy analysis on how to control emerging contaminants. Offering interdisciplinary and global perspectives from experts in environmental sciences and engineering, environmental microbiology and microbiome, environmental informatics and bioinformatics, intelligent systems, and knowledge engineering, this book provides an accessible and flexible resource for researchers and upper level students working in these fields. - Covers the detection, high-throughput analyses, and environmental behavior of the typical emerging chemical and biological contaminants - Focuses on chemical and biological big data driven aquatic ecological risk assessment models and techniques - Highlights the intelligent management and control technologies and policies for emerging contaminants in water environments