Bilingualism and Multiculturalism in Greek Education investigates the factors affecting language maintenance/shift among second-generation Albanian and Egyptian migrant pupils in Athens. Using a combined quantitative and qualitative methodology, it explores the influence of three sets of variables on language maintenance. These are a) ethnolinguistic vitality, defined by the demography, status and institutional support of each group in Greece, as well as migrant and Greek pupils’ perceptions regarding these factors; b) migrant parents’ attitudes to language maintenance and their role in language transmission in the home; and c) the attitudes of teachers and the institutional approaches of mainstream Greek education to linguistic and cultural diversity. Results indicate that: • knowledge of Greek is common among today’s children of Albanian and Egyptian immigrants and preference for that language is dominant; • bilingualism varies slightly between Albanian and Egyptian second-generation pupils with Egyptians being more dominant in the parental language, due to their higher degree of identification with their ethnic group in comparison to the Albanian pupils; • the school context plays a significant role in the ability of second-generation youths to achieve and maintain bilingual fluency.

The ongoing migration ‘crisis’ in European countries (2015 to date) has fostered different stances and practices within European nation-states, ranging from xenophobia to solidarity. In this context, two contradictory discourses seem to coexist: the national racist discourse and the humanitarian, antiracist one. This volume brings together studies investigating diverse semiotic strategies through which liquid racism emerges, which consists of ambiguities and contradictory interpretations due to the fact that racist views infiltrate discourse intended as antiracist. The volume includes critical and pragmatic analyses of texts coming from various sources, such as news articles, parliamentary discourse, political cartoons, video clips, advertising campaigns based on personal stories, and jokes. It is an outcome of the research project “TRACE: Tracing Racism in Anti-raCist discoursE: A critical approach to European public speech on the migrant and refugee crisis” (HFRI-FM17-42, HFRI 2019-2022, Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation).

This book investigates socio-linguistic interactions in different second language (L2) contexts in an effort to identify the trends that lead to the acquisition of sociolinguistic variations by L2 learners, contributing significantly to L2 research and practice. It addresses sociolinguistic subjects such as multilingualism and its effects, as well as regional and social dialectology in L2. The different chapters explore the overall effect that society – including cultural norms, expectations, and contexts – has on L2 usage. They also consider how language varieties differ between groups separated by certain social variables such as ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level of education, and age, and how these variables categorise individuals into social or socioeconomic classes. The volume brings together careful theoretical and empirical research conducted in different countries, including Catalonia, Finland, Greece, Malta, Malaysia, the Republic of Cyprus, and the United Arab Emirates.

This book provides an important new analytical framework for making sense of return, remigration and circular mobility, conceptualising them as different phases of a wider migration process. Using an in-depth case study of Albania and its two main destination countries, Italy and Greece, the book demonstrates that instead of being viewed as a linear path between origin and destination, migration should be seen as a segmented, or cyclical pattern that may involve several localities and more than two countries. Characterised by important previous historical, social, economic and political linkages, geographical proximity but also high migration volatility and sustained flows in either directions, Albanian migration to Italy and Greece offers an optimal case study for analysing complex return, reintegration and mobility processes. While interesting as a unique regional migration system, the lessons learned cast light on important migration and mobility dynamics that are relevant for labour migration in Europe, also from other important migrant origin countries in the EU’s neighbourhood such as for instance Morocco or the Ukraine. This rich theoretical and empirical study will be of interest to researchers within European Studies and Migration Studies, as well as providing a useful contribution to policy debates on how to govern return migration, reintegration and circular migration. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429344343, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This volume explores how linguistic and cultural diversity in Greece, caused by various waves of emigration and immigration, has transformed Greek society and its educational system. It examines the country’s current linguistic diversity, which is characterised by the languages of immigrants, repatriates, refugees, Roma, Muslim minorities, and Pomaks as well as linguistic varieties and dialects; and how schools and the state have designed and implemented programmes to deal with the significant educational challenges posed by these culturally and linguistically diverse groups. In this regard, the book takes into account the nature and evolution of Greek society; Greece’s traditional role as a labour-exporting country with a long history of migration to other countries; and major political, economic and social developments, such as the collapse of communism, the opening of borders in Eastern Europe, and the influx of immigrants from Muslim countries.

This volume provides an overview of the history of Greece, while also focusing on contemporary Greece. Coverage includes such 21st-century challenges as the economic crisis and the influx of immigrants and refugees that is changing the country's character. This latest volume in the Understanding Modern Nations series explores Greece, the birthplace of democracy and Western philosophical ideas. This thematic encyclopedia is one-of-its kind in its down-to-earth approach and comprehensive analysis of complex issues now facing Greece. It analyzes such topics as government and economics without jargon and brings a lighthearted approach to chapters on such topics as etiquette (e.g., what gestures to avoid so as not to offend), leisure (how Greeks celebrate holidays), and language (the meaning of "opa"). No other book on Greece is organized like this thematic encyclopedia, which has more than 200 entries on topics ranging from Archimedes to refugees. Unique to this encyclopedia is a "Day in the Life" section that explores the actions and thoughts of a high school student, a bank employee, a farmer in a small village, and a retired couple, giving readers a vivid snapshot of life in Greece.

This open access book draws on award-winning cross-generational research comparing the complex and life-changing processes of settlement among Albanian migrants and their adolescent children in three European cities: London (UK), Thessaloniki (Greece), and Florence (Italy). Building on key concepts from the social sciences and migration studies, such as identity, integration and transnationalism, the author links these with emerging theoretical notions, such as mobility, translocality and cosmopolitanism. Ethnic identities, transnational ties and integration pathways of the youngsters and adults are compared, focusing on intergenerational transmission in particular and recognizing mobility as an inherent characteristic of contemporary lives. Departing from the traditional focus on the adult children of settled migrants and the main immigration countries of continental North-Western Europe, this study centres on Southern Europe and Great Britain and a very recently settled immigrant group. The result is an illuminating early look at a second generation “in-the-making”. Indeed, the findings provide ample grounds for pragmatic and forward-looking policy to enable these migrant-origin youngsters, and others like them, to more fully attain their potential. The book ends with a call to reassess the term “second generation” as it is currently used in policy and scholarly works. Children of migrants seldom see themselves as a particular and homogeneous group with ethnicity as an intrinsic identifying quality. More importantly, they make use of all the limited resources at their disposal, and view their integration processes through broader geographies – showing sometimes a cosmopolitan orientation, but also using localized reference points, such as the school, city, or urban neighbourhood.

The so-called nation states have created ethnical minorities. Also due to migration, cultural diversity is the reality. The multicultural society is strongly reproduced in the schools all over Europe. Cultural diversity in the classroom is increasingly recognized as a potential which should not be neglected. The educational system has, above all, to provide all children with equal opportunities. Experts from Finland, the UK, Hungary, Spain, Greece, Cyprus, and other European states, mostly responsible for teacher education, have contributed to this volume with critical, but constructive remarks on the classroom reality in their countries. This book is valuable reading for academics and practitioners in educational sciences.

Amid the growing trend of preserving ethnic languages within diverse ethnolinguistic communities in Greece and Cyprus, our understanding of heritage language education in these countries remains limited. The chapters in this collection undertake a thoughtful exploration of language education in the world’s two majority-Greek-speaking contexts. The volume brings together empirical studies that exhibit the array of heritage language education options available in Greece and Cyprus today, including community/complementary schools operating on weekends or after regular school hours, providing language and culture classes in a range of languages (e.g., Albanian, Czech, Armenian, Russian), day schools (such as Italian and Hebrew schools), and 'family language schools' developed within the UNICEF framework. Collectively, these chapters establish a novel evidence base describing the diversity of the heritage language education landscape, which could act as a catalyst for further research and potentially drive change in both policy and practice. Importantly, the volume renders heritage language education initiatives in Greece and Cyprus visible – mainly to scholars, but potentially also to practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders in this evolving social, educational, and linguistic domain.

Language Policy and Planning in the Mediterranean World is a collection of the best papers presented at the MedLPLP conference held at the University of Cyprus in 2009, enriched with invited contributions on the same topic. The book presents a panorama of situations with countries such as France, Germany, Cyprus, Malta, Italy, Spain, Poland, Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, Albania, Romania and Serbia. It explores various aspects of the weight and ecology of the Mediterranean languages, discusses LPP in the light of international law and the protection of human rights, bilingual education and foreign language acquisition policies. It also addresses the issue of feminization in a broad range of Mediterranean languages comparing French, Italian, Spanish, and, for the first time, Standard and Cypriot Greek. Finally, the book also discusses language revival and renovation policies, language planning in the public space, as well as cases of micro-language management. The volume is an excellent source of information for scholars and students of LPP interested in the synchrony and diachrony of Mediterranean languages, in aspects of LPP activity in various Mediterranean countries and in specific LPP processes involving several languages within the area.