The past decade has been marked by the acceleration of our understanding of the molecular biology of cancer. Simultaneously, there have been increasing exigencies to diagnose, treat and follow cancer patients more economically. Biomarkers represent the marriage of science and economics. Biomarkers offer the potential to increase the precision of diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance of urological malignancies. This issue presents the cutting-edge advances of biomarker technology to urologic oncology.

The relationship between testosterone and prostate cancer physiology resulted in a Nobel Prize almost 5 decades ago; scientists have been studying testosterone and its relationship to heart health, diabetes, bone density, and muscle development throughout the subsequent 50 years. Included in this issue is the clinical experience and research expertise of many of the leaders in this field.

This issue provides much needed updates since Dr. Sheinfeld’s issue published in 2007. Dr. Lin has assembled expert authors to provide clinicians with the full breadth of clinical updates on testicular cancer. New to this issue are articles on clinical outcomes, survivorship, and several articles on the management of Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors.

The Editor has assembled top experts to write authoritative reviews on the latest advances in the diagnosis and treatment of penile, urethral, and scrotal cancers. The issue stresses contrasting approaches and includes articles devoted to the following topics: radiation in primary urethral cancers; the role of node dissection; role of HPV in penile pre-neoplastic and carcinogenesis; advances in penile-sparing surgical approaches in the management of primary penile tumors; minimally invasive approaches to evaluating inguinal nodes in penile cancer patients; multimodal therapy in the management of advanced penile cancer; management of urethral cancer recurrences; Preneoplastic and primary scrotal cancer; and Advances in surgical reconstructive techniques in the management of penile, urethral, and scrotal cancer. The state-of-the article clinical and surgical details in this issue will keep urologists and other healthcare professionals current on the clinical management of these cancers.

In this issue of Urologic Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Adam Feldman brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Biomarkers in Urology. The use of biomarkers in clinical practice can range from screening, to refined detection in an at-risk population, to risk stratification following diagnosis, to prognostication following therapy. A better understanding of tumor biology and genetic heterogeneity will lead clinicians to adopt clinical paradigms that utilize sequences of biomarker assessments. In this issue, key experts help you remain at the forefront of the care of urologic malignancies by providing a timely update on emerging biomarkers in urology. - Contains 15 practice-oriented topics including biomarkers in pediatric urology; unleashing the urinary microbiome in benign urologic disease; biomarkers for detection and assessment of clinically significant prostate cancer; biomarkers in testicular cancer: classic tumor markers and beyond; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on biomarkers in urology, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

The Guest Editors created a unique focus to the general topic of infectious diseases. They have focused on contemporary management of antibiotics used for procedures and infections. Articles are devoted to: Update on Antibiotic Prophylaxis for GU Procedures in Patients with Arificial Joint Replacement and Artifical Heart Valves; Asymptomatic Bacteriuria; Urinary Tract Infection and Bacteruria in Pregnancy; Resistance Patterns in Contemporary Antibiotics: ESBL and Beyond ; UTI and Neurogenic Bladder; Modern Guidelines for Skin and Bowel Prep for Open and Laparascopic GU Surgery; Work up of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection; Pre Prostate Biopsy Rectal Culture and Post Biopsy Sepsis; Infection with Foreign Bodies: Mesh and Prostheses; Treatment of the Infected Stone; Sexually Transmitted Infections: Updated Guidelines and Treatment; Bacteruria/UTI in the Elderly; Treatement of Fungal Urinary Tract Infection; and STDs.

In this issue of Urologic Clinics of North America, guest editors Drs. Michael L. Blute and Steven L. Chang bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Renal Cancer: Old and New Paradigms. Recent significant advances in the management of renal cancer have expanded beyond simply eliminating disease to preserving and optimizing quality of life. In this issue, top experts highlight historical perspectives as well as current status and future treatments of renal cancer. - Contains 13 practice-oriented topics on biomarkers for the detection and surveillance of renal cancer; the changing role of renal mass biopsy; renal cysts: an oncological conundrum; the surgical management of renal cancer with inferior vena caval thrombus; integrating surgery in the multidisciplinary care of advanced renal cancer; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on renal cancer, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

In this issue of Urologic Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Kevin R. Loughlin brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Testosterone. With about 2 out of 10 men older than 60 years having low testosterone (American Urological Association), coupled with an aging population, this issue is an important resource for all urologists for effectively treating men and improving outcomes. It provides a current update on testosterone in men from top experts in the field, covering prostate cancer treatment, the use of anabolic steroids, hypogonadism, testosterone replacement, and more. - Contains 15 practice-oriented topics including current management and controversies surrounding andropause; testosterone and male sexual function; the interplay of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in prostate cancer; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on testosterone, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

This issue of Surgical Clinics of North America, guest edited by Drs. Lisa T. Beaule and Moritz H. Hansen, is devoted to Practical Urology for the General Surgeon. They have assembled expert authors to review the following topics: Surgical Management of Acute Urologic Emergencies; Surgical Management of Urologic Trauma and Iatrogenic Injuries; Diagnosis and Management of Voiding Dysfunction; Surgical Management of Urinary Retention; Surgical Management of Female Voiding Dysfunction; Surgical Management of Male Voiding Dysfunction; Diagnosis and Management of Hematuria; Diagnosis and Management of Nephrolithiasis; Surgery of Urologic Implants; Surgical Pediatric Urology; Use of Bowel in Urologic Reconstructive Surgery; Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Uro-enteric Fistulae; Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Pelvic, Inguinal, and Testicular Pain; Robotic Surgery of the Kidney, Bladder and Prostate, and more!

The Guest Editors have assembled top key opinion leaders to provide current reviews on the multidisciplinary approach to the management of high-grade bladder cancer. Articles are devoted to fluorescence cystoscopy, confocal laser endomicroscopy, narrow band imaging; Novel therapeutic approaches for recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer; Trimodality therapy in bladder cancer; the data and the reality of perioperative chemotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer; radical transurethral resection alone, robotic or partial cystectomy or extended lymphadenectomy: Neoadjuvant paradigm for drug development in muscle invasive bladder cancer; Novel biomarkers to predict response and prognosis in localized bladder cancer; Immunotherapy in Advanced/Metastatic Urothelial Cancer ; and Adjuvant Chemotherapy in High Grade Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer.