Non-Newtonian properties on bubble dynamics and cavitation are fundamentally different from those of Newtonian fluids. The most significant effect arises from the dramatic increase in viscosity of polymer solutions in an extensional flow, such as that generated about a spherical bubble during its growth or collapse phase. In addition, many biological fluids, such as blood, synovial fluid, and saliva, have non-Newtonian properties and can display significant viscoelastic behaviour. This monograph elucidates general aspects of bubble dynamics and cavitation in non-Newtonian fluids and applies them to the fields of biomedicine and bioengineering. In addition it presents many examples from the process industries. The field is strongly interdisciplinary and the numerous disciplines involve have and will continue to overlook and reinvent each others’ work. This book helps researchers to think intuitively about the diverse physics of these systems, to attempt to bridge the various communities involved, and to convey the interest, elegance, and variety of physical phenomena that manifest themselves on the micrometer and microsecond scales.

This practical reference describes the occurrence of cavitation in a centrifugal pump, and how unacceptable cavitation can be avoided. It explains cavitation problems such as hydraulic performance loss, hydrodynamically or thermodynamically induced surging, and cavitation erosion. General guidelines for acceptable operation conditions, such as, net positive suction head (NPSH) margins and minimum flowrates, are presented along with evidence and logic for these proposed guidelines.

First published by McGraw-Hill in 1989, this book provides a unified treatment of cavitation, a phenomenon which extends across the boundaries of many fields. The approach is wide-ranging and the aim is to give due consideration to the many aspects of cavitation in proportion to their importance. Particular attention is paid to the diverse situations in which cavitation occurs and to its practical applications./a

Cavitation erosion is one of the most popular phenomena of the destruction of engineering materials working in water conditions and various kinds of liquids. The cavitation effect is defined as a physical effect, induced by a variable field of liquid pressures, where bubbles or other voids (caverns) - containing steams of a given liquid, gas, or a steam-gas mixture - are formed, expanded, and disappear. A better understanding of all aspects related to cavitation wear will allow for more thoughtful analysis in the selection of innovative engineering materials additionally protected by various technologies or techniques in the field of surface engineering, and optimization of the design of constructional elements used in the cavitation environment. The novelty of this book is the presentation of extensive knowledge related to cavitation, erosion, and how to protect engineering materials against this phenomenon supported by the results of thorough research by the authors.

Hydrodynamic Cavitation A systematic introduction to critical technologies and applications of hydrodynamic cavitation In Hydrodynamic Cavitation: Devices, Design, and Applications, a distinguished team of researchers delivers an authoritative discussion of key aspects of hydrodynamic cavitation, including the design, characterization, and modeling of the devices. The book offers discussions of state-of-the-art applications of the technology, including the disinfection of water, wastewater treatment, biomass processing, and many other industrial applications. In addition to expansive case studies, the book provides an up-to-date exploration of emerging innovations and future applications of the technology. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to hydrodynamic cavitation devices, including those based on axial and rotational flows An in-depth examination of the experimental characterization of cavitation devices and computational models Comprehensive explorations of the applications of hydrodynamic cavitation, including the disinfection of water and wastewater treatment Accessible discussions of industrial applications of hydrodynamic cavitation Perfect for chemical and process engineers, water chemists, mechanical engineers, and food chemists, Hydrodynamic Cavitation will also earn a place in the libraries of food and environmental technologists.

The literature on cavitation chemistry is ripe with conjectures, possibilities, heuris tic arguments, and intelligent guesses. The chemical effects of cavitation have been explained by means of many theories, consisting of empirical constants, adjustable parameters, and the like. The chemists working with cavitation chemistry agree that the phenomenon is very complex and system specific. Mathematicians and physi cists have offered partial solutions to the observed phenomena on the basis of cavitation parameters, whereas chemists have attempted explanations based on the modes of reaction and the detection of intermediate chemical species. Nevertheless, no one has been able to formulate a unified theme, however crude, for its effects on the basis of the known parameters, such as cavitation and transient chemistry involving extremely high temperatures of nanosecond durations. When one surveys the literature on cavitation-assisted reactions, it is clear that the approach so far has been "Edisonian" in nature. While a large number of reactions have showed either enhanced yields or reduced reaction times, many reactions have remained unaffected in the presence of cavitation. The success or failure of cavitation reactions ultimately depends on the collapse of the cavity. Cavitation chemistry is based on the principles of the formation of small transient cavities, their growth and implosion, which produce chemical reactions caused by the generation of extreme pressures and temperatures and a high degree of micro turbulence.

Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics deals with fundamental physical processes of bubble dynamics and cavitation for graduate students and researchers.

This book offers a systematic introduction to the engineering principles and techniques of cavitation in biomedicine on the basis of its physics and mechanism. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, it covers areas of interest ranging from physics and engineering to the biological and medical sciences. Individual chapters introduce the fundamentals of cavitation, describe its characterization, control and imaging techniques, and present cavitation-enhanced thermal and mechanical effects and their applications. Intended as both a reference work for graduate students, and as a guide for scientists and engineers who work with cavitation in biomedicine, it provides a broad and solid foundation of knowledge. The aim is to bridge the different disciplines involved, and to promote cross-discipline research, thus encouraging innovations in the scientific research and engineering applications alike. Dr. Mingxi Wan is a professor at Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China; Dr. Yi Feng works at Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China; Dr. Gail ter Haar is a professor at The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surry, UK.

Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics: Fundamentals and Applications examines the latest advances in the field of cavitation and multiphase flows, including associated effects such as material erosion and spray instabilities. This book tackles the challenges of cavitation hindrance in the industrial world, while also drawing on interdisciplinary research to inform academic audiences on the latest advances in the fundamentals. Contributions to the book come from a wide range of specialists in areas including fuel systems, hydropower, marine engineering, multiphase flows and computational fluid mechanics, allowing readers to discover novel interdisciplinary experimentation techniques and research results. This book will be an essential tool for industry professionals and researchers working on applications where cavitation hindrance affects reliability, noise, and vibrations. - Covers a wide range of cavitation and bubble dynamics phenomena, including shock wave emission, jetting, and luminescence - Provides the latest advice about applications including cavitation tunnels, cavitation testing, flow designs to avoid cavitation in pumps and other hydromachinery, and flow lines - Describes novel experimental techniques, such as x-ray imaging and new computational techniques

Containing the state-of-the-art in hydrodynamic cavitation, the book consists of two parts. The first part presents the physical basis of cavitation and a systematic classification of various kinds of cavitation and their formation sources. Special attention is paid to a group of factors that promote cavitation formation in natural liquids. A general model of cavitation is formulated as well as a sub-model describing dynamics of the formation, development and collapse of cavitation bubbles. The sub-model also includes effects of cavitation bubble occurrence on the liquid in the direct vicinity of bubbles. Finally, part one also includes a thermodynamic hydrocavitation model of water containing cavitation nuclei (natural waters). The second part deals with the application of hydrodynamic cavitation effects to advanced oxidation of substances that pollute the natural environment. Results of laboratory experiments on the application of cavitation effects to decompose selected organic compounds which hardly undergo biodegradation are presented, as well as a concept of the cavitation phenomenon application on an industrial scale. Application of Hydrodynamic Cavitation in Environmental Engineering will be useful to professionals dealing with the design and practical application of hydrocavitation reactors, and to academics in environmental engineering.