Based on a major research project undertaken by a team at the Institute of Market Economy, Development Research Center of the State Council of China, a project which included extensive survey research, and involved also many international scholars including researchers at the World Economic Forum Research Center and OECD, this book explores the possible future trajectories for urbanization in China. The book argues, drawing on examples from around the world, that technological advances have a huge impact on the exact nature of urbanization, and that institutions and policies have a significant role too, institutional arrangements such as modern education systems, patents and intellectual protection, and modern corporate systems. The book goes on to assess how current technological advances are likely to affect future urbanization and concludes by setting out how China should seize the opportunities from new technological advances and the associated transformation and upgrading of economic and social structures, and coordinate the development of "technology, factors of production, industry and institutions" as an integrated engine for high quality future urbanization.

Environmental degradation is a critical global challenge, with pollution, deforestation, and climate change threatening the planet's health. Traditional materials and technologies contribute significantly to these issues, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable alternatives. Carbon-based materials offer a promising solution. However, despite their potential, comprehensive literature needs to explore their diverse applications and impact. This gap hinders the broader adoption of carbon-based materials in environmental conservation efforts. Environmental Applications of Carbon-Based Materials addresses this gap by thoroughly examining carbon-based materials and their environmental applications. It offers a thorough overview of the latest advancements, from production techniques to real-world applications. By highlighting these materials' remarkable properties and versatile nature, the book is a source of inspiration to researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers to embrace these materials as viable solutions to pressing environmental challenges.

As one of the eighteen field-specific reports comprising the comprehensive scope of the strategic general report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this sub-report addresses long-range planning for developing science and technology in the field of water science. They each craft a roadmap for their sphere of development to 2050. In their entirety, the general and sub-group reports analyze the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describe the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predict that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, and call for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on the detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China's modernization, the reports draw a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, work out China's S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with China's reality, further detail S&T initiatives of strategic importance to China's modernization, and provide S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China's reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the reports provide researchers, government officials and entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions, the planning process, and investment. Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation's highest academic institution in natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government's decision-making, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote China's high-tech enterprises through its active engagement in these areas.

Based on a major research project undertaken by a team at the Institute of Market Economy, Development Research Center of the State Council of China, this book explores the possible future trajectories for urbanization in China.

"Based on a major research project undertaken by a team at the Institute of Market Economy, Development Research Center of the State Council of China, a project which included extensive survey research, and involved also many international scholars including researchers at the World Economic Forum Research Center and OECD, this book explores the possible future trajectories for urbanization in China. The book argues, drawing on examples from around the world, that technological advances have a huge impact on the exact nature of urbanization, and that institutions and policies have a significant role too, institutional arrangements such as modern education systems, patents and intellectual protection, and modern corporate systems. The book goes on to assess how current technological advances are likely to affect future urbanization and concludes by setting out how China should seize the opportunities from new technological advances and the associated transformation and upgrading of economic and social structures, and coordinate the development of "technology, factors of production, industry and institutions" as an integrated engine for high quality future urbanization"--

China’s modernization is viewed as a transformative revolution in the human history of modernization. As such, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) decided to give higher priority to the research on the science and technology (S&T) roadmap for priority areas in China’s modernization process. What is the purpose? And why is it? Is it a must? I think those are substantial and signifcant questions to start things forward. Significance of the Research on China’s S&T Roadmap to 2050 We are aware that the National Mid- and Long-term S&T Plan to 2020 has already been formed afer two years’ hard work by a panel of over 2000 experts and scholars brought together from all over China, chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao. Tis clearly shows that China has already had its S&T blueprint to 2020. Ten, why did CAS conduct this research on China’s S&T roadmap to 2050? In the summer of 2007 when CAS was working out its future strategic priorities for S&T development, it realized that some issues, such as energy, must be addressed with a long-term view. As a matter of fact, some strategic researches have been conducted, over the last 15 years, on energy, but mainly on how to best use of coal, how to best exploit both domestic and international oil and gas resources, and how to develop nuclear energy in a discreet way. Renewable energy was, of course, included but only as a supplementary energy.

In view of the theme of "globalization," the volume will pay attention to how such issues as the Covid-19 pandemic impacts and challenges globalization, especially how it affects China, the United States, and their mutual relations.

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. This book is arranged and developed around the theme of “2050 China,” it analyzes the factors and advantages of the Chinese road to socialist modernization, explores and summarizes the development goal and the basic logic of the socialist modernization of China, and further shows the general basis of the primary stage of socialism. According to the report delivered at the 19th Party Congress, and according to the “two-stage” strategic plan, this book looks ahead in detail to the overarching objective and sub-objectives of essentially achieving socialist modernization by 2035, discusses the building of a great modern socialist country in all respects from the perspective of the Party’s six-sphere integrated plan of economic, political, cultural, social, ecological civilization, and national defense construction, and provides policy proposals. This book also analyzes the influence and the effect of the socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics on the world and it further presents the third centenary goal. In conclusion, this book is an elaboration of the work of the Institute for Contemporary China Studies, Tsinghua University. It reflects the intellectual innovation in the authors’ research on contemporary China, as well as the authors’ foresight and predictions about China’s future development.

This book explores sustainable development from the perspective of resources and energy, based on China’s practical experience and cross-disciplinary research. It focuses on major challenges, key solutions and policy recommendations, and studies and explores seven important themes of resources, energy and sustainable development, including: 1) China’s low-carbon energy transition, 2) China’s urbanization and low-carbon development, 3) China’s low-carbon action in cities, 4) China’s low-carbon power transition, 5) China’s water resources management, 6) electric vehicle development and key metal resources and 7) China’s low-carbon development of the iron & steel industry. This book contributes to a more integrated understanding of many themes and their relationships in the area of resources, energy and sustainable development and guides the related policy and management.

This book looks into the increasing conflict between the demand of economic growth and the already fragile ecological system condition in China. The prolonged urbanization process has escalated the erosion of natural environments and is increasing energy consumption. China’s role as a “world plant” is also demanding more and more resource supply as well as energy consumption. This book argues that to correctly respond to these emerging issues, apart from upgrading industry and improves environmental protection techniques, China needs to establish an “ecological civilization” that provides an ideological basis for the construction of a green low-carbon model of economic growth.