This book is a thorough and comprehensive guide to the use of modern data science within health care. Critical to this is the use of big data and its analytical potential to obtain clinical insight into issues that would otherwise have been missed and is central to the application of artificial intelligence. It therefore has numerous uses from diagnosis to treatment. Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Real-World Data is a critical resource for anyone interested in the use and application of data science within medicine, whether that be researchers in medical data science or clinicians looking for insight into the use of these techniques.

Enhanced, more reliable, and better understood than in the past, artificial intelligence (AI) systems can make providing healthcare more accurate, affordable, accessible, consistent, and efficient. However, AI technologies have not been as well integrated into medicine as predicted. In order to succeed, medical and computational scientists must dev

This Research Topic is the fourth volume of the series Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Volume I: Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Volume I Volume II:Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Volume II Volume III:Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Volume III Analytics based on artificial intelligence has greatly advanced scientific research fields like natural language processing and imaging classification. Clinical research has also greatly benefited from artificial intelligence. Emergency and critical care physicians face patients with rapidly changing conditions, which require accurate risk stratification and initiation of rescue therapy. Furthermore, critically ill patients, such as those with sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and trauma, are comprised of heterogeneous population. The “one-size-fit-all” paradigm may not fit for the management of such heterogeneous patient population. Thus, artificial intelligence can be employed to identify novel subphenotypes of these patients. These sub classifications can provide not only prognostic value for risk stratification but also predictive value for individualized treatment. With the development of transcriptome providing a large amount of information for an individual, artificial intelligence can greatly help to identify useful information from high dimensional data. Altogether, it is of great importance to further utilize artificial intelligence in the management of critically ill patients.

In this issue of Critical Care Clinics, guest editors Drs. Jordan A. Kempker, Elizabeth Chuang, and Crystal E. Brown bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Health Disparities and Health Equity in Critical Care. Top experts cover key topics such as race, ethnicity, and gender disparities in management and outcomes of critically ill children and neonates, critically ill adults with trauma, critically ill adults with acute respiratory failure, critically ill adults with acute myocardial infarction, critically ill adults with acute cerebrovascular accident, critically ill adults with sepsis; and more. - Contains 14 relevant, practice-oriented topics including lessons learned about social disparities and critical illness during the COVID-19 pandemic; disparities in the burden and impact of critical illness between industrial and resource constrained countries; ethical and equity considerations and approaches regarding the rationing of critical care resources; workforce diversity and equity among critical care physicians; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on health disparities and health equity in critical care, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Artificial Intelligence Medicine: Technical Basis and Clinical Applications presents a comprehensive overview of the field, ranging from its history and technical foundations, to specific clinical applications and finally to prospects. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expanding across all domains at a breakneck speed. Medicine, with the availability of large multidimensional datasets, lends itself to strong potential advancement with the appropriate harnessing of AI. The integration of AI can occur throughout the continuum of medicine: from basic laboratory discovery to clinical application and healthcare delivery. Integrating AI within medicine has been met with both excitement and scepticism. By understanding how AI works, and developing an appreciation for both limitations and strengths, clinicians can harness its computational power to streamline workflow and improve patient care. It also provides the opportunity to improve upon research methodologies beyond what is currently available using traditional statistical approaches. On the other hand, computers scientists and data analysts can provide solutions, but often lack easy access to clinical insight that may help focus their efforts. This book provides vital background knowledge to help bring these two groups together, and to engage in more streamlined dialogue to yield productive collaborative solutions in the field of medicine. - Provides history and overview of artificial intelligence, as narrated by pioneers in the field - Discusses broad and deep background and updates on recent advances in both medicine and artificial intelligence that enabled the application of artificial intelligence - Addresses the ever-expanding application of this novel technology and discusses some of the unique challenges associated with such an approach