A dramatic increase in knowledge regarding the molecular biology of brain tumors has been established over the past few years, and this has lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these patients. In this book a review of the options available for the clinical management of patients with these tumors are outlined. In addition advances in radiology both for pre-operative diagnostic purposes along with surgical planning are described. Furthermore a review of newer developments in chemotherapy along with the evolving field of photodynamic therapy both for intra-operative management and subsequent therapy is provided. A discussion of certain surgical management issues along with tumor induced epilepsy is included. Finally a discussion of the management of certain unique problems including brain metastases, brainstem glioma, central nervous system lymphoma along with issues involving patients with a brain tumor and pregnancy is provided.

Researchers' knowledge of gliomas continues to advance rapidly at both the basic and translational levels, and Gliomas provides a thorough overview of the evolving fields of tumor biology and clinical medicine as they relate to our understanding of brain tumors. Gliomas reviews the current paradigms that underlie these fields, beginning with the molecular epidemiology of glioma susceptibility and prognosis through population-based science and genome-wide association studies. The book's discussion of imaging modalities extends beyond advances in anatomical imaging to include metabolic and physiological studies. This work provides thorough discussion of the clinical view of tumors, ranging from the presentation of the patient to surgical management, and covers all therapeutic options for patient care, including chemotherapy, targeted molecular therapies, immunotherapies, and even personalized approaches to impact the set of lesions. Additionally, the book discusses radiotherapy with regard to the many options available to treat patients using myriad fractionated techniques with various sources. Finally, Gliomas reviews issues specific to the quality of life for patients, and techniques for maximizing the effect of caregivers. Edited and authored by premier researchers from around the world, Gliomas is a comprehensive reference for clinicians and researchers seeking the most up-to-date information on gliomas, and a guide to the best ways to effectively manage glioma patients and their care. - Synthesizes widely dispersed information on the management of gliomas into one comprehensive resource - Chapters written by international authors who are preeminent researchers in the field - Fully explores the therapeutic options for patient care, from chemotherapy to radiotherapy to personalized approaches

A novel concept that is reviewed and discussed in several chapters in the book alludes to the transport of drugs bound to red blood cells into the highly vascular CNS tumors - both primary and metastatic. Such a transport mechanism is unique and of significant therapeutic potential. It is hopeful that the novel information presented in this book will result in new approaches to the treatment CNS tumors.

A dramatic increase in knowledge regarding the molecular biology of brain tumors has been established over the past few years. In particular, recent new avenues regarding the role of microRNAs along with further understanding of the importance of angiogenesis, immunotherapy and explanations for the resistance of the tumors to radiation therapy have been developed. A discussion of certain surgical management issues including improvements in imaging along with issues concerning tumor induced epilepsy is included. It is hopeful that this new information will lead to efficacious treatment strategies for these tumors which remain a challenge. In this book, a review of the latest information on these topics along with a variety of new therapeutic treatment strategies with an emphasis on molecular targeted therapies is provided.

The contributed volume "Multidisciplinarity and Interdisciplinarity in Health" is a health-centered volume of the Integrated Science Book series. Lack of confidence, lack of expertise, complexities of healthcare, the confusing nature of healthcare environments, and lack of organization and standardization can become obstacles to successful communication. This volume establishes how extensive is the interface between formal sciences and medical sciences on health-related issues. The book provides an overview of the value of the integration of formal, biological, and medical sciences and related products, i.e., health informatics and biomedical engineering, to frame a holistic approach to health systems, healthcare, medical practice, drug discovery, and medical device design. The book also focuses on innovative solutions to the most critical issues of different health crisis, including obesity, infectious outbreaks, and cancer that can be found by using an integrative approach. It also contains the fascinating crossroads between medical sciences, physics, and mind that is discussed from multiple perspectives on cognition, neuroscience, and psychiatry. These multidisciplinary considerations will expand the concepts of creativity, leadership, aesthetics, empathy and mental health.

Fiber and Textile Engineering in Drug Delivery Systems explains how innovative textile processing methods including rotary spinning, microfluidics, wet spinning and electrospinning can be used to produce novel drug delivery solutions. This topical book provides detailed descriptions of how to produce such new materials for this purpose, with foundational content to help readers from a range of backgrounds understand the context of material selection and design decisions. Emphasis is given to the engineering side of the manufacturing of the textile and its role in drug delivery, but this also acts as a guide to pharmaceutical applications of textile fibers for materials scientists. Drug delivery research is rapidly expanding and experimenting with new materials to drive improved clinical outcomes as the efficacy of the therapeutic molecule is highly dependent on the right choice of carrier system. Recently, fiber based carriers at both nano and micro scales are gaining interest in the scientific community due to ease of manufacturing, high surface area to volume ratio, desirable drug release kinetics and high mechanical strength. - Describes methods for material selection and design for drug delivery systems - Provides case studies to explain how these techniques can be applied successfully - Covers the regulatory and legal aspects of the use of the textiles and fibers in drug delivery

We dedicate this Neurosurgery: Notes for the Graduate Students to all the residents and young neurosurgeons. Some did read the books but could not grasp the important concepts or facts. We have designed this e-book (electronic book) in note format to provide a comprehensive, yet easy-to-read summary of the essential topics in neurosurgery covering clinical localization, basic neurosciences and neurosurgery itself. The authors want to make this e-book as an additional knowledge to the readers. The purpose is to highlight the important points in neurosurgery. Besides, the real truth in some current neurosurgical practices are not clear, therefore, it is only a guide in note format to make readers quickly grasp the important or arguable points. Some notes mentioned in this e-book are indeed debateable and they may evolve over time. Pertaining to aforementioned notes, the content of this e-book is largely gained from standard protocols or widely accepted practices, our personal experience, notes done during our neurosurgical training locally and overseas, notes taken during international conferences, notes obtained from our personal discussion with the seniors in neurosurgery from all over the world and notes made from current journals in neurosurgery. In summary, it is an electronic neurosurgical note-book with important and debateable knowledge that we would like to emphasize and share with neurosurgical trainees or any graduate students. It is not meant to replace other commonly-referred neurosurgical textbooks. Therefore, trainees and students should read this e-book as an additional-knowledge which could be subjected to further discussion. We would like thank our beloved wives and our family members for being supportive and understanding; our teachers for guiding us and our trainees for motivating us to write this e-book. Finally, we would like to state some interesting quotes from others: 1. “The World is a book, and those who do not travel, only read a page” (Saint Augustine, 354-430). 2. “The more you know, the more you see” and “The brain actually is not like a single organ. It's like a country, there are many organs (cities) in it: There are a vascular organ, an endocrine organ, an immunological organ and many more; In real fact, all are in the brain” (Professor Dr. M. Gazi Yasargil, father of modern neurosurgery). 3. “You need fitness in all aspects: brain, mind, spirit and body to explore optimally the beauty of the brain and nervous system” (Zamzuri Idris, 2016).

A dramatic increase in knowledge regarding the molecular biology of brain tumors has been established over the past few years, and this has lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these patients. In this book a review of the options available for the clinical management of patients with these tumors are outlined. In addition advances in radiology both for pre-operative diagnostic purposes along with surgical planning are described. Furthermore a review of newer developments in chemotherapy along with the evolving field of photodynamic therapy both for intra-operative management and subsequent therapy is provided. A discussion of certain surgical management issues along with tumor induced epilepsy is included. Finally a discussion of the management of certain unique problems including brain metastases, brainstem glioma, central nervous system lymphoma along with issues involving patients with a brain tumor and pregnancy is provided.

This book provides a simple, step-by-step guide to the identification and sequential management of vascular lesions in the body. Since most vascular lesions occur in the head and neck area, the surgical interventions present challenges with regard to facial growth, airway management and reconstruction options. This book explores the treatment of head and neck vascular malformations and tumors from the perspectives of various specialties, such as otolaryngology, and pediatric, maxillofacial and plastic surgery. It covers surgical anatomy, pathophysiology, molecular basis, medical treatment, current embolization guidelines and surgical resection and reconstruction options for each type of tumor. It also discusses interventional and diagnostic radiological techniques. Written by leading international specialists, the book is a valuable resource for craniofacial, pediatric, maxillofacial, head and neck, and plastic surgeons as well as pediatricians and otolaryngologists.