This document contains the report of the workshop and the background papers commissioned for the meeting. The report, and in particular the 'Key Points' adopted by the workshop, will serve as basis for further work on developing technical guidelines for the design, implementation and review of MPAs.

Building on work presented at the IUCN World Parks Congress (WPC) held in Australia in 2014, this document outlines experiences with aquatic protected areas (PAs), marine protected areas (MPAs) and protected areas in inland waters in the context of livelihoods and food security. It provides a general overview of MPAs and reports on their interface with livelihoods and food security, based on case studies in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania. It also synthesizes the papers conclusions and discusses the observed outcomes of aquatic PAs, together with problems and solutions.

This book provides a comprehensive review of Area-Based Management Tools (ABMTs) used in fisheries or affecting their performance in relation to biodiversity and related socio-economic issues. The prologue provides historical, mystic, philosophical, political, economic, and ecological points of view of ocean space since antiquity. The book describes the modern background of ABMTs, their role in living in harmony with nature; their human dimensions; their governance; the tensions they face; the role of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and that of the United Nations and other global policy frameworks. ABMTs are described thusly: definition; human dimensions; goals and objectives; old and new roles; possible typologies; tensions; synergies and complementarities; trade-offs; and effectiveness and related factors. Pathways to reduce tensions, mobilize synergies, and increase effectiveness are described. The perspectives offered are illustrated by a few case studies including an industry view.

The once pristine and rich marine environment of the South China Sea is degrading at an alarming rate due to the rapid socioeconomic development of the region. Despite this, and due mainly to complicated sovereignty and maritime disputes, coastal States have not been able to develop effective regional cooperation to safeguard the shared marine environment. Marine Protected Areas Network in the South China Sea discusses legal and political measures to support the development of a network of marine protected areas in the South China Sea. Such a network, if properly developed, would not only help to protect the marine environment and resources of the region but also contribute to decreasing the tension among its coastal States. These measures are suggested in accordance with international law, based on the specific geopolitical context of the South China Sea region and take into consideration experiences in developing regional networks of marine protected areas from other marine regions.

Publisher description

Protection and sound management of coastal and marine areas are acknowledged as important mechanisms for alleviating poverty in the developing tropics. Tanzania has had considerable practical experience with a diversity of models that rely on private sector partnerships, community co-management regimes, and government-led initiatives for marine protection. 'Blueprint 2050' outlines a vision of what a protected area system could look like in 50 years. It draws on state-of-the-art ecosystem, socioeconomic, financial, and institutional background studies to paint a picture that emphasizes community-based adaptive co-management within a flexible system of eight protected area networks, one of which is the Exclusive Economic Zone. 'Blueprint 2050 is an impressive piece of professional work which addresses the plight of the many communities whose livelihoods depend on Tanzania's marine resources. Environmental conservation, sustainability, efficiency, good governance, and a pro-poor policy stance come out as key issues in pursuit of Tanzania's millennium development goals by these communities.' -- Hon Raphael OS Mollel, Senior Permanent Secretary Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania 'It is my sincere hope that Blueprint 2050 will serve the intended purpose of promoting the devlopment of marine protected areas based on our current policies and legislation.' -- Hon Madam Rahma M Mshangama, Principal Secretary Ministry of Agriculture Natural Resources, Environment and Co-operatives (MANREC), Zanzibar

These guidelines specify key indicators for the identification of demographic issues in coastal area management and for monitoring the impact of management measures on the socio-economic well-being of coastal and fishing communities. The guidelines also identify data sources and methods for the collection of data. Case studies on the use of demographic data in coastal area management in Italy and the United States of America, and a summary of the proceedings of a regional workshop on the use of demographic data in coastal area management in the Philippines and other Southeast and South Asian countries provide practical examples of how demographic indicators are used.