This volume contains background information and supporting documents for The Ice Flow Theory, a new theory that describes how the Earth's ocean basins developed into what they are today and how the continents were shaped including the development of the fold mountain systems. It provides information for locating oil, gas and coal deposits as well as information on earthquake and tsunami causes. This theory also explains prehistoric animal migration, isolation and extinction causes without the need for continental migration or extinction level events.

This series offers a detailed, informative and lively discussion on four of the key areas of physical geography. Each book helps develop the knowledge of how specific features of the Earth are formed, their causes and effects, patterns and processes, and our study and understanding of them. The series aims not only to answer, but also to inspire questions about different environments and landscapes, and our relationships with some of the greatest forces of nature we experience on Earth. Photographs bring the effects of the subject vividly to life, while diagrams enhance the readers' practical understanding of the processes that have created the landscapes of the world in which we live today.

This textbook explains how mountains are formed and why there are old and young mountains. It provides a reconstruction of the Earths paleogeography and shows why the shapes of South America and Africa fit so well together. Furthermore, it explains why the Pacific is surrounded by a ring of volcanos and earthquake-prone areas while the edges of the Atlantic are relatively peaceful. This thoroughly revised textbook edition addresses all these questions and more through the presentation and explanation of the geodynamic processes upon which the theory of continental drift is based and which have led to the concept of plate tectonics. It is a source of information for students of geology, geophysics, geography, geosciences in general, general natural sciences, as well as professionals, and interested layman.

First Published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Presents an illustrated A to Z reference with approximately 700 entries on topics in the earth sciences including hydrology, geology, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, and more.

This book provides an overview of the history of plate tectonics, including in-context definitions of the key terms. It explains how the forerunners of the theory and how scientists working at the key academic institutions competed and collaborated until the theory coalesced.

Describes the expansion of the land-based paleomagnetic case for drifting continents and recounts the golden age of marine geoscience.

An informative addition to a science series discusses plate tectonics, the theory that the surface of the earth is always moving, and the connection of this phenomenon to earthquakes and volcanoes.