Debates over U.S. government policy frequently follow a philosophy of devolution in authority from federal government to local government. This concept opens the possibility of greater local involvement in national policy implementation—and provides international treaties an opportunity to advance global policy by incorporating the efforts of local actors into their implementation framework. Much of international policy involves enforcement through international-to-national linkages forming an “implementation chain,” but devolution offers the potential to extend the implementation chain by providing national-to-local linkages. This book explores the nature of such linkages, taking as a case study the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) via its domestic analog in the U.S., the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The analysis employs both quantitative and qualitative methods including interviews, surveys, statistical analysis, and document review. The author concludes that while the framework of CITES enforcement in the U.S. allows for national-to-local extension of the CITES implementation chain, it also presents challenges that should be addressed by international policymakers who consider devolution as a way of assisting global policy. The book includes a Foreword by Scott A. Frisch, a professor of political science (and chair of the department) at California State University, Channel Islands. Frisch notes that "in this book Jonathan Liljeblad offers an enlightening and long-overdue look at the issue of local implementation of international policy.... Liljeblad is able to arrive at insightful conclusions as well as concrete recommendations for policymakers wishing to improve coordination and execution of international policies that rely on local governments for their implementation." He concludes, "Liljeblad's recommendations would foster a climate of greater understanding of the connections between international and domestic policy and should be heeded by all levels of government to remove unnecessary roadblocks that can derail implementation." A new study in the international protection of animal and plant species, presented by Quid Pro Books.

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) is the best known and most controversial of international conservation treaties. Since it came into force 25 years ago, debate has raged over its most basic assumptions. CITES treats the international trade in wildlife as the most important threat to the continued existence of wild species. It offers a prescription of trade bans and restrictions for endangered species. However, it is now generally acknowledged that for most species habitat loss is a much more significant threat. Some argue that the CITES remedy actually exacerbates the problem by removing the incentive to conserve wildlife habitat. This collection of essays, the first of its kind, charts the controversies and changes within CITES. It provides case studies of the way CITES has dealt with particular species and notes the growing role of the South in shaping the direction of the treaty. It considers the role of sustainable use, the precautionary principle and unilateralism within CITES. Finally, it examines options for the future of CITES. Implicit within a number of the contributions is the recognition that questions of wildlife conservation cannot be divorced from wider issues of land use, development and social justice. This book provides an essential resource for policy makers, practitioners, academics and students concerned with conservation, development and trade.

An increasing number of commercially exploited and managed aquatic species has been listed in the Appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), triggering the attention from the fisheries sector of States on how listing would impact on the management of the relevant fisheries. CITES regulates international trade in certain aquatic species, including those which are, and can be, commercially exploited and which are being managed by the fisheries sector. The fisheries sector legal frameworks will have to recognize and enable the various requirements provided for in CITES, including the making of non-detriment findings and ensuring that there is a designated management authority and scientific authority to take certain decisions in respect of listed commercially exploited and managed aquatic species. This sourcebook provides clarifications on the relationship of CITES with the fisheries sector and provides guidance on how national fisheries legal frameworks can optimize the implementation of CITES. The realisation of this sourcebook in 2020, designated as a “super year” for nature and biodiversity, represents a timely and useful contribution to fisheries management, by (i) raising awareness of CITES; (ii) enhancing comprehension of the CITES regime and its relationship with the fisheries sector and (iii) where a deliberate decision is made by a country to implement CITES through its national fisheries legal frameworks, providing guidance as to what do it and how to do it.

Provides an objective overview of what the ESA says and means, based upon the language of the statute itself and the regulations that implement it, as well as the judicial decisions interpreting each. Specific chapters cover critical habitat designation, conservation, prohibited acts and penalties, Section 7 consultation, incidental take permits, the Section 7 exemption process, state and federal interactions, international application, experimental populations, and citizen suits. Appendixes define acronyms, answer frequently asked questions, and describe key cases. A glossary is also included. Sullins is an attorney-advisor for the United State Department of the Interior Solicitor's Office in Boise, Idaho. c. Book News Inc.

In recent years, an increasing number of commercially exploited and managed aquatic species, including sharks and rays, have been listed in the Appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The listing of some species in CITES Appendix II has necessitated attention from the fisheries sector of States on how listing would impact on the management of the relevant fisheries. This sourcebook and the research process involved in its development highlighted the opportunity to implement CITES through national fisheries legal frameworks. Indeed, in certain cases, doing so can prove to be vital in giving practical effect to CITES while simultaneously enhancing fisheries management regimes and ensuring that all activities along the fisheries value chain, especially the international trade in CITES-listed aquatic species, are legal, traceable and sustainable. The study recognizes that communities operating within the CITES regime and in the fisheries sectors have their own particular areas of work. However, they should cooperate and coordinate their work where they share the common high-level objectives of ensuring responsible, legal and sustainable utilization of resources, including species, biodiversity and ecosystems, and implementing the relevant Sustainable Development Goals. This sourcebook was first published in 2020, designated as a "super year" for nature and biodiversity. The second edition of this sourcebook was developed to take into account and reflect the outcomes of the 19th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to CITES, in 2022. The sourcebook is a timely and useful contribution to fisheries management as it seeks to provide support in: (i) raising awareness of CITES; (ii) enhancing comprehension of the CITES regime and its relationship with the fisheries sector; and (iii) where a deliberate decision is made by a country to implement CITES through its national fisheries legal frameworks, providing guidance on what to do and how to do it.