Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this practical analysis of the law of business formations in Brazil provides quick and easy guidance on a variety of corporate and partnership considerations such as mergers, rights and duties of interested parties, stock exchange rules, labour laws, and takeovers. Lawyers who handle transnational business will appreciate the explanation of local variations in terminology and the distinctive concepts that determine practice and procedure. A general introduction covering historical background, definitions, sources of law, and the effect of international private law is followed by a discussion of such aspects as types of formation, capital, shares, management, control, liquidation, mergers, takeovers, holding companies, subsidiaries, and taxation. Big companies, various types of smaller entities, and partnerships are all covered in turn. These details are presented in such a way that readers who are unfamiliar with specific terms and concepts in varying contexts will fully grasp their meaning and significance. Thorough yet practical, this convenient volume puts the information necessary for corporations to compete effectively at the user’s fingertips. An important and practical tool for business executives and their legal counsel interested in engaging in an international partnership or embarking on corporate expansion, this book will prove a valuable time-saving tool for business and legal professionals alike. Lawyers representing parties with interests in Brazil will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of comparative business law.

Commercial aviation in Brazil has been facing great changes in the past years, from the regulatory point of view to a competition perspective, given the increase in demand, revision of past legislation and the rise of new players in this market. The airline business has showed to be very dynamic in Brazil, with the rise and fall of a number of companies. One of them specifically, called VARIG – Portuguese acronym for Viação Aérea Rio-Grandense -, which stopped operating domestic and international routes in 2006, changed the market significantly, since it was the longest standing air company in the country and also the market leader. This scenario of disruption, after VARIG’s bankruptcy, gave room to the consolidation of other major companies already operating at that time – TAM and Gol -, as well as the emergence of Avianca Brazil and Azul, which absorbed part of the increasing demand for air transport in the country and placed this market into a new era of competition. All these factors combined with the flexibility given, due to revision of legislation - referring to prices and alliances, for example -, have transformed the way business in the industry are run. Hence the changes in the way air companies operate nowadays and provide different types of services. Thus, the purpose of this work is to understand what are the competitive advantages of the Brazilian airline companies to face the local competition, given the changes between 2008 and 2014 in this sector’s environment. In addition, this work aims to identify competitive changes with possible new entrants to this market in the future.

This report provides novel evidence on Brazilian people’s expectations and evaluation of government’s reliability, responsiveness, openness, integrity and fairness, based on the OECD Trust Survey.

Between 2010 and 2025, most of the countries of Latin America will commemorate two centuries of independence, and Latin Americans have much to celebrate at this milestone. Most countries have enjoyed periods of sustained growth, while inequality is showing modest declines and the middle class is expanding. Dictatorships have been left behind, and all major political actors seem to have accepted the democratic process and the rule of law. Latin Americans have entered the digital world, routinely using the Internet and social media. These new realities in Latin America call for a new introduction to its history and culture, which Latin America at 200 amply provides. Taking a reader-friendly approach that focuses on the big picture and uses concrete examples, Phillip Berryman highlights what Latin Americans are doing to overcome extreme poverty and underdevelopment. He starts with issues facing cities, then considers agriculture and farming, business, the environment, inequality and class, race and ethnicity, gender, and religion. His survey of Latin American history leads into current issues in economics, politics and governance, and globalization. Berryman also acknowledges the ongoing challenges facing Latin Americans, especially crime and corruption, and the efforts being made to combat them. Based on decades of experience, research, and travel, as well as recent studies from the World Bank and other agencies, Latin America at 200 will be essential both as a classroom text and as an introduction for general readers.

Going Digital in Brazil analyses recent developments in Brazil’s digital economy, reviews policies related to digitalisation and makes recommendations to increase policy coherence in this area.

The past century has witnessed profound transitions in Brazil’s economy: from a surge of industrialization connected to export economy, to state projects of importsubstitution industrialization, followed by a process of neoliberal global market integration. How have Brazilian entrepreneurs and businesses navigated these contexts? This comprehensive text explores the institutional and sectoral structure of the Brazilian economy through a collection of new case studies, examining how key institutions work within Brazil’s specific economic, political and cultural context. Offering a long-term evolutionary perspective, the book explores Brazil’s economic past in order to offer insights on its present and future trajectory. The contributions gathered here offer fresh insights into representative sectors of Brazil’s economy, from aerospace to software, television, music and banking, paying particular attention to sectors that are likely to drive future growth. Chapters include questions about the roles of foreign and state capital, changes in market regulation, the emergence of new technologies, the opening of markets, institutional and organizational frameworks, and changing management paradigms. When examined together, the contributions shed light not only on Brazilian business history, but also on the country as a whole. Brazil’s Economy: An Institutional and Sectoral Approach offers fascinating reading for anyone with an interest in: Latin American Economics; the business history of the region; and in doing business in present-day Latin America.