Novel drug delivery technologies strive to bypass challenging biological layers to elicit desired pharmacological activity. The skin, one of our key defensive barriers, allows certain topically applied substances and toxins to pass. The dermatokinetics of a drug determines the efficacy of treatment of skin disorders.Presenting the first compre

Handbook of Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Residues of Veterinary Therapeutic Drugs is a unique compilation of comparative pharmacokinetic data for veterinary therapeutic drugs. The book features an excellent introductory chapter on basic veterinary pharmacokinetics and includes pharmacological data taken from hundreds of primary research references. These data are presented in standardized units and are arranged in conveniently organized tables so that comparisons between data can be made easily. Much of the data is new and was taken from articles in which data was not subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis.

Malaria takes a great toll on human health and well-being, particularly in tropical regions including Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Oceania and parts of the Americas. In recent years, some Plasmodium strains have become increasingly resistant to all classes of conventional antimalarial drugs currently in use. Researchers have, therefore, stepped up efforts to revise atimalarial drug policies, develop new drugs, and implement new strategies to combat this disease. In order to prevent widespread resistance, antimalarial combination therapies (ACTs) have been deployed and a World Antimalarial Resistance Network has been established as a means of anitimalarial drug resistance surveillance. Artemisinin-based combination therapies have proven to be useful as a replacement for standard regimens. Currently, these ACTs successfully cure patients suffering from uncomplicated malaria with superior efficacy and lower toxicity, but there remains a huge challenge (high mortality rate) associated with treatment of severe malaria. Studies of drug disposition and drug efficacy (PK/PD evaluations) are essential to understanding why drugs work as antimalarials as they illustrate issues with drug resistance, drug safety and drug toxicity that are critical to finding the appropriate drug dose for patients. This eBook illustrates how currently available combination antimalarial drugs can be optimized for effective malaria treatment. Chapters in this book explain methods to select combination drugs based on PK/PD evaluations followed by methods o reduce drug toxicity based on these evaluations. The book also summarizes efforts that are being made by the research community to improve ACT. It is, therefore, a handy reference for medical professionals and pharmacologists working on antimalarial drugs.

This first ever coverage of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of biopharmaceuticals meets the need for a comprehensive book in this field. It spans all topics from lead identification right up to final-stage clinical trials. Following an introduction to the role of PK and PD in the development of biotech drugs, the book goes on to cover the basics, including the pharmacokinetics of peptides, monoclonal antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, as well as viral and non-viral gene delivery vectors. The second section discusses such challenges and opportunities as pulmonary delivery of proteins and peptides, and the delivery of oligonucleotides. The final section considers the integration of PK and PD concepts into the biotech drug development plan, taking as case studies the preclinical and clinical drug development of tasidotin, as well as the examples of cetuximab and pegfilgrastim. The result is vital reading for all pharmaceutical researchers.

This book is a comprehensive resource on psychotropic medications, detailing the latest methods for defining their characteristics, their use in different patient populations, and drug-drug interactions; an important collection of information forclinicians, students, researchers, and members of the pharmaceutical industry alike. The first section provides the foundational principles of these drugs. Mathematical modeling of parameters that affect their entryto,and exit from, the central nervous system (CNS) compartment are presented on an individual basis and then applied to target populations with specific disease states. Methods and characteristics that inform the transfer of these drugs from the laboratory bench to use in patient care are discussed, including imaging techniques, genetics and physiological barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier. The second section describes the characteristics of specific agents,nominally arranged intodifferent therapeutic categories and with reference crossover use in different disease states. The pharmacologic characteristics of different drug formulations are explored in the context of their ability to improve patient adherence. The third section focuses on drug-drug interactions.Psychotropic medications from different categories are frequently prescribed together,or alongside medications used to treat comorbid conditions, and the information provided is directly relevant to the clinic, as a result. The clinical application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CNS agents has made significant progress over the past 50 years and new information is reported by numerous publications in psychiatry, neurology, and pharmacology.Our understanding of the interrelationship between these medications, receptors, drug transporters, as well as techniques for measurement and monitoring their interactions,isfrequently updated. However, with information presented on a host of different platforms, and in different formats, obtaining the full picture can be difficult. This title aims to collate this information into a single source that can be easily interpreted and applied towards patient care by the clinical practitioner, and act as a reference for all others who have an interest in psychopharmacological agents.

The last decade or so has witnessed tremendous progress in methodology in the field of drug development in general and pharmacokinetics in particular. Clinical pharmacokinetics is using new tools for probing into the "black box" once being ac cessible only partly through experimental techniques and, mostly through mathemati cal and computer means. Development of computerized scanning, positron emission tomography (PET), stereoselectivity and other techniques are now enabling investi gators to have better pictures of the systems they are studying. Mathematical models through computer simulation and statistical estimation, mostly due to easy access be cause of inexpensive yet powerful personal computers, are enabling us to investigate ultrastructures and their functional connectivity in more detail. As a consequence, new hypotheses are being formed and tested in various related fields. In clinical pharmacokinetics, mostly due to mathematical modeling, more accurate interspecies scaling of pharmacokinetic parameters and dosimetry can be done now-a-days. The concept of "a human is a bigger rat" does not necessarily fly as a consequence. Pharmacokinetic concepts are becoming powerful tools in meaningful carcinogenic and toxic risk extrapolation of different chemicals in humans. New dose delivery designs are being formulated using pharmacokinetic techniques for different pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations continue in the academia, research institutions, pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and agricultural industries in developmental and physiological aspects of different chemicals for the benefit of mankind. The idea of a school on "New Trends in Pharmacokinetics", from which the present pUblication was made possible, took shape over almost a year.

A comprehensive look at current drug discovery and development methods—and the roadmap for the future Providing both understanding and guidance in characterizing potential drugs and their production and synthesis, Development of Therapeutic Agents Handbook gives professionals a basic tool to facilitate research and development within this challenging process. This comprehensive text brings together, in one resource, a compendium of concepts, approaches, methodologies, and limitations that need to be considered in the formulation of therapeutic agents across a range of therapeutic fields. Both a reference and a call to action for the pharmaceutical industry, Development of Therapeutic Agents Handbook examines recent innovations taking shape in the various medical disciplines involved in drug discovery, and shows why these advances need to be embraced universally among researchers to improve their solution strategies. Additional subject matter includes: Extensive coverage and in-depth look into novel treatments and therapeutics Discussion of hot topics like new drugs and nutraceuticals, the discovery and development of vaccines, cancer therapeutics, and market overviews Coverage of therapeutic drug development for specific disease areas, such as cardiology, oncology, breast cancer, and kidney diseases As research in biology, chemistry, medicine, and technology rapidly progresses, it is becoming increasingly important for medical researchers to maintain an up-to-date knowledge base of emerging trends directing promising new therapies. Development of Therapeutic Agents Handbook serves this purpose, acting as both a one-stop reference rich in valid science, and a tool to carve out new pathways in the pursuit of bringing safer and more effective drugs to the marketplace.

These volumes are designed to be the most complete guide to pharmacokinetics (PK) and its role in drug development. They fill a gap between the academic science and the practical application of that knowledge in drug development. Volume 1 discusses the role that PK plays in selected clinical study designs. Volume 2 details the key regulatory and development paradigms in which PK supplements decision-making during drug development.

A reference is needed that addresses the recent progress in aspects of PK/PD methods and developments of nanoparticles for novel drug delivery systems. No other consolidated published reference discusses the PK/PD study of nanoparticle drug delivery systems. This book discusses the advantages of nanoparticle drug delivery systems (NPDDS) in enhancing the pharmacokinetics of many drugs that are not easily metabolized or that obtain the desired therapeutic effect with minimum toxicity. The authors provide an overview of biodistribution with a focus on polymer and lipid nanoparticles. This thorough reference is divided into three parts: Modelling, Specific carries and their potential to treat specific diseases.

A compilation of researchers' experience in the areas of bioanalysis, pharmacokinetics, and drug metabolism, to present an up-to-date and comprehensive treatise on the application of these and related technologies in drug discovery, development, and clinical use. Contents cover descriptions of analytical methods, in vitro metabolism technology and membrane transport, reappraisal of classical pharmacokinetic problems, and the time course of drug action. The book concludes with a description of PET and imaging methods in pharmacokinetics and an appendix containing a critical appraisal of computer methods and pharmacokinetic software available for PCs.