In the development of telecommunication networks throughout the world, digital transmission has now replaced analog transmission as the predominant choice for new transmission facilities. This trend began in the early 1960s when the American Telephone and Telegraph Company first introduced pulse code modulation as a means of increasing capacity in their cable plant. Since that time, digital transmission applications have grown dramatically, notably in the United States, Canada, Japan, and Western Europe. With the rapidity of digital transmission developments and imple mentation, however, there has been a surprising lack of textbooks written on the subject. This book grew out of my work, research, and teaching in digital transmission systems. My objective is to provide an overview of the subject. To accomplish this end, theory has been blended with practice in order to illustrate how one applies theoretical principles to actual design and imple mentation. The book has abundant design examples and references to actual systems. These examples have been drawn from common carriers, manufac turers, and my own experience. Considerable effort has been made to include up-to-date standards, such as those published by the CCITT and CCIR, and to interpret their recommendations in the context of present-day digital transmission systems.

Digital transmission systems are the backbone of modern communication networks, enabling the exchange of information across various media, such as copper wires, optical fibers, radio waves, and satellites. These systems use digital signals to encode, transmit, and decode data, such as voice, video, text, and images. Digital transmission systems have many advantages over analog systems, such as higher capacity, better quality, lower cost, and more flexibility. However, designing and implementing digital transmission systems is not a trivial task. It requires a solid understanding of the fundamental principles, techniques, and standards that govern the operation and performance of these systems. It also requires a familiarity with the various technologies and components that are used to realize these systems, such as modulation, multiplexing, coding, switching, amplification, and synchronization. This book aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the fundamentals of digital transmission systems, covering both theoretical and practical aspects. It is intended for students, engineers, and researchers who want to learn the basics of digital transmission systems, as well as for professionals who want to refresh or update their knowledge in this field. The book is also important for communication engineers and operators who are involved in the planning, design, installation, operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of digital transmission systems and networks. The book covers the most common and widely used standards and technologies in digital transmission, such as PCM, PDH, SDH, OTN, WDM, ADSL, GPON, and radio waves. The book also provides the latest information on the evolution and trends of digital transmission, such as liquid OTN, fiber-optic transmission systems, and digital transmission networks. The book helps communication engineers and operators to understand the principles, advantages, limitations, and challenges of digital transmission systems and to apply them to their specific needs and scenarios. The book is organized into eight chapters, each covering a major topic in digital transmission systems. The chapters are as follows: Chapter 1 introduces the importance, motivations, and overview of digital transmission systems, and provides a conclusion and some questions for review. Chapter 2 explains the fundamentals of pulse code modulation (PCM), which is the most common technique for converting analog signals into digital signals. It also describes the structure and signaling of the 2 Mbit/s (E1) frame, which is the basic unit of transmission in many digital systems. Chapter 3 discusses the plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH), which is a legacy standard for multiplexing and transporting digital signals over copper wires or optical fibers. It also covers the frame structure, synchronization, signaling, error detection and correction, network architecture, and limitations of PDH. Chapter 4 introduces the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), which is a more advanced and widely adopted standard for multiplexing and transporting digital signals over optical fibers. It also covers the general and specific frame structures, multiplexing hierarchy, network and management, network protections, and synchronization of SDH. Chapter 5 presents optical fiber technology, which is the main medium for transmitting digital signals over long distances and at high speeds. It also covers the technical overview, physics of light, and design and protection of fiber optic cables. Chapter 6 explores the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology, which is a technique for increasing the capacity and efficiency of optical fiber networks by using multiple wavelengths of light. It also covers the WDM and optical fiber structure, active and passive optical components, optical amplification, noise calculation, fiber-optic transmission systems, and fiber-optic networks. Chapter 7 describes the optical transport network (OTN), which is a standard for multiplexing and transporting various types of digital signals over optical fibers using a common format. It also covers the OTN fundamentals, multiplexing overview, frame structure, evolution to liquid OTN, and important topics in OTN. Chapter 8 reviews the ADSL modems, GPON fundamentals, and radio waves propagations, which are some of the technologies and phenomena that are related to digital transmission systems. The book also includes two appendices that provide some supplementary information on BIP, SDH Synchronization, OTN protection and more. The book assumes that the reader has some basic knowledge of mathematics, physics, and electronics, as well as some familiarity with communication systems and networks. The book provides clear explanations, examples, figures, tables, and equations to illustrate the concepts and methods of digital transmission systems. The book also provides questions at the end of each chapter to test the reader’s understanding and to stimulate further exploration. The book is written by who is a Doctor of Electrical Engineering, Egypt. Ayman Elmassarawy has a PhD in communication systems and has over 20 years of research and practical experience in the field of digital transmission systems in the field of digital transmission systems. The book is a valuable resource for anyone who wants to learn the fundamentals of digital transmission systems and to gain a deeper insight into the current and emerging technologies and standards in this field. The book is also a useful reference for anyone who is involved in the design, implementation, operation, or maintenance of digital transmission systems and networks.

This book is an expanded third edition of the book Performance Analysis of Digital Transmission Systems, originally published in 1990. Second edition of the book titled Digital Transmission Systems: Performance Analysis and Modeling was published in 1998. The book is intended for those who design communication systems and networks. A computer network designer is interested in selecting communication channels, error protection schemes, and link control protocols. To do this efficiently, one needs a mathematical model that accurately predicts system behavior. Two basic problems arise in mathematical modeling: the problem of identifying a system and the problem of applying a model to the system analysis. System identification consists of selecting a class of mathematical objects to describe fundamental properties of the system behavior. We use a specific class of hidden Markov models (HMMs) to model communication systems. This model was introduced by C. E. Shannon more than 50 years ago as a Noisy Discrete Channel with a finite number of states. The model is described by a finite number of matrices whose elements are estimated on the basis of experimental data. We develop several methods of model identification and show their relationship to other methods of data analysis, such as spectral methods, autoregressive moving average CARMA) approximations, and rational transfer function approximations.

Combining theoretical knowledge and practical applications, this advanced-level textbook covers the most important aspects of contemporary digital communication systems. Introduction to Digital Communication Systems focuses on the rules of functioning digital communication system blocks, starting with the performance limits set by the information theory. Drawing on information relating to turbo codes and LDPC codes, the text presents the basic methods of error correction and detection, followed by baseband transmission methods, and single- and multi-carrier digital modulations. The basic properties of several physical communication channels used in digital communication systems are explained, showing the transmission and reception methods on channels suffering from intersymbol interference. The text also describes the most recent developments in the transmission techniques specific to wireless communications used both in wireline and wireless systems. The case studies are a unique feature of this book, illustrating elements of the theory developed in each chapter. Introduction to Digital Communication Systems provides a concise approach to digital communications, with practical examples and problems to supplement the text. There is also a companion website featuring an instructors’ solutions manual and presentation slides to aid understanding. Offers theoretical and practical knowledge in a self-contained textbook on digital communications Explains basic rules of recent achievements in digital communication systems such as MIMO, turbo codes, LDPC codes, OFDMA, SC-FDMA Provides problems at the end of each chapter with an instructors’ solutions manual on the companion website Includes case studies and representative communication system examples such as DVB-S, GSM, UMTS, 3GPP-LTE

This practical guide helps readers to learn how to develop and implement synchronization functions in digital communication systems.

Providing the underlying principles of digital communication and the design techniques of real-world systems, this textbook prepares senior undergraduate and graduate students for the engineering practices required in industry. Covering the core concepts, including modulation, demodulation, equalization, and channel coding, it provides step-by-step mathematical derivations to aid understanding of background material. In addition to describing the basic theory, the principles of system and subsystem design are introduced, enabling students to visualize the intricate connections between subsystems and understand how each aspect of the design supports the overall goal of achieving reliable communications. Throughout the book, theories are linked to practical applications with over 250 real-world examples, whilst 370 varied homework problems in three levels of difficulty enhance and extend the text material. With this textbook, students can understand how digital communication systems operate in the real world, learn how to design subsystems, and evaluate end-to-end performance with ease and confidence.

Gain sharper insight into each of today's telecommunications transmission systems, and make more informed decisions when choosing a particular system application with this comprehensive reference. It saves you time from searching through mountains of technical articles and white papers by offering an in-depth study of all five forms of transmission systems currently in use: copper lines, optical fiber, radio relay, mobile radio, and satellite.