Ideal for researchers and students of ecotourism, this text comprehensively describes, analyses and evaluates aspects of Scandanavian ecotourism.

Ideal for researchers and students of ecotourism, this text comprehensively describes, analyses and evaluates aspects of Scandanavian ecotourism.

This book introduces a wide range of topics related to ecotourism, rural tourism and rural community development within Malaysia and outside of Malaysia. Among the topics include research paradigm in ecotourism research, ecotourism impacts to the local community development, ecotourism challenges and its solutions, tourist satisfaction towards ecotourism services, and others. The discussed topics in this book have been theoretically and empirically validated by the authors and provide a meaningful discussion within the ecotourism and rural community development areas. This book is timely to recognise ecotourism contributions towards rural community development issues within the selected countries done by the authors. This book is suitable for college and university students, academicians, government and private agencies, policy makers, NGOs and the general public who are interested in ecotourism and rural community development issues in developed and developing countries. Moreover, this book may be considered as a reference to those invested in ecotourism ventures as well as studies related to the ecotourism and rural community development.

Nature-based tourism (NBT) is a sector where entrepreneurial success is highly knowledge driven. This insightful book offers a comprehensive evaluation of NBT in a Nordic context, highlighting how long-established Nordic traditions of outdoor recreation practices can reveal lessons for the field more broadly. Chapters explore Nordic and international perspectives, local communities, market dynamics, firms, creativity, innovations and value-added experience products.

Intended as a guide for wildlife managers and ecotourism operators, as well as interested ecotourists, this book addresses the biological principles governing how ecotourism affects wildlife. The introductory chapters focus on four key responses to human visitation—behavioral, physiological, ecological, and evolutionary. Readers will discover ecotourism’s effects on biodiversity in connection with various industries that are habitat or taxonomically specific: fish tourism (including both freshwater and marine), marine mammal tourism, the huge industry centered on terrestrial animals, and the well-studied industry of penguin tourism. Given that the costs and benefits of ecotourism cannot be meaningfully assessed without understanding the human context, particular attention is given to how ecotourism has been used as part of community development. In closing, the book synthesizes the current state of knowledge regarding best practices for reducing human impacts on wildlife. The final chapter highlights key research questions that must be addressed to provide more evidence-based guidelines and policy.

Ecotourism continues to be embraced as the antithesis of mass tourism because of its promise of achieving sustainability through conservation mindedness, community development, education and learning, and the promotion of nature based activities that were sensitive to both ecological and social systems. The extent to which this promise has been realised is open to debate. Focusing on an array of economic, social and ecological inconsistencies that continue to plague ecotourism in theory and practice, the volume examines ecotourism in reference to other related forms of tourism, impacts, conservation, sustainability, education and interpretation, policy and governance, and the ethical imperative of ecotourism as these apply to the world’s greenest form of tourism. Ecotourism is a growing field attracting increasing attention from students and academics. Fennell provides an authoritative and comprehensive review of the most important issues that continue to both plague ecotourism and make it one of the most dynamic sectors in the tourism industry. It covers a comprehensive range of themes and geographical regions. Building on the success of prior editions, Ecotourism has been revised throughout to incorporate recent research and benefits from the introduction of real-life case studies and summaries of recent literature. An essential reference for those interested in Ecotourism, the book is accessible to students but retains the depth required for use by researchers and practitioners in the field. New chapters on the theory and application of animal ethics; community development in sustainable tourism; and education and learning in the field have added further value to an already very comprehensive volume. This book will be of interest to students across a range of disciplines including geography, economics, business, ethics, biology, and environmental studies.

Tourism is an increasingly important industry in the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) that is integral to economic, social and sustainable development. Nordic Tourism is the first comprehensive and accessible introduction to tourism in the region and also includes case studies from leading Nordic researchers on specific destinations, attractions, resources, concepts and issues.

Norway, officially known as the Kingdom of Norway, is a Scandinavian country located in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden, Finland, and Russia to the east, and the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea, and the Barents Sea to the west and north. Norway is known for its stunning fjords, mountains, glaciers, and forests, which attract millions of visitors each year. The country has a small population of just over five million people and is considered one of the happiest and wealthiest nations in the world. Norway has a rich history dating back to the Viking era, which lasted from the 8th to the 11th century. The country was ruled by various monarchs until it declared independence in 1905. Today, Norway is a constitutional monarchy, and the current king is Harald V. The country has a mixed economy with a focus on natural resources such as oil and natural gas, fishing, and forestry. Norway is also known for its strong welfare system, which provides free education, healthcare, and social services to its citizens.

Climate change is one of the single most important global environmental issues facing the world today and is emerging as a major topic in tourism studies. Tourism is one of the world’s largest industries; it both contributes to, and will be notably affected by, climate change. Given the emerging global legal frameworks to reduce emissions of greenhouse gasses, growing costs of carbon and pro-environmentally orientated customers, carbon management in tourism is a necessity. Tourism must take responsive actions to enable travel and tourism to deliver the peak experiences that tourists seek with a lower carbon footprint. Carbon Management in Tourism is the first book devoted to carbon emission reductions and to showcase a wide range of practical mitigation measures. This book provides a comprehensive overview by combining theory and practice of climate change mitigation in global tourism, addressing various levels of scale, such as global, national, and regional tourism systems, as well as individual tourism businesses. It integrates a thorough scientific discussion of the causes of emissions growth, along with an analysis of the major options to reduce emissions, and state-of-the-art carbon management practices. Detailed case studies provide examples of tourism businesses or destinations that have successfully reduced emissions of greenhouse gasses, with consideration of economic and socio-cultural issues integrated throughout. This timely and important volume is essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as academic researchers interested in Tourism, Environmental Management, Geography and Carbon Management.

Tourism is changing. This innovative textbook examines a key international service industry in the context of globalization processes, the state, and increased individual mobility, using case studies to illustrate wider themes and key issues.