Efficiency is one of the most frequently used terms in thermodynamics, and it indicates how well an energy conversion or process is accomplished. Efficiency is also one of the most frequently misused terms in thermodynamics and is often a source of misunderstanding. This is because efficiency is often used without being properly defined first. This book intends to provide a comprehensive evaluation of various efficiencies used for energy transfer and conversion systems including steady-flow energy devices (turbines, compressors, pumps, nozzles, heat exchangers, etc.), various power plants, cogeneration plants, and refrigeration systems. The book will cover first-law (energy based) and second-law (exergy based) efficiencies and provide a comprehensive understanding of their implications. It will help minimize the widespread misuse of efficiencies among students and researchers in energy field by using an intuitive and unified approach for defining efficiencies. The book will be particularly useful for a clear understanding of second law (exergy) efficiencies for various systems. It may serve as a reference book to the researchers in energy field. The definitions and concepts developed in the book will be explained through illustrative examples.

Comprehensive Energy Systems, Seven Volume Set provides a unified source of information covering the entire spectrum of energy, one of the most significant issues humanity has to face. This comprehensive book describes traditional and novel energy systems, from single generation to multi-generation, also covering theory and applications. In addition, it also presents high-level coverage on energy policies, strategies, environmental impacts and sustainable development. No other published work covers such breadth of topics in similar depth. High-level sections include Energy Fundamentals, Energy Materials, Energy Production, Energy Conversion, and Energy Management. Offers the most comprehensive resource available on the topic of energy systems Presents an authoritative resource authored and edited by leading experts in the field Consolidates information currently scattered in publications from different research fields (engineering as well as physics, chemistry, environmental sciences and economics), thus ensuring a common standard and language

The primary goal of the book is to promote research and developmental activities in energy, power technology and chemical technology. Besides, it aims to promote scientific information interchange between scholars from top universities, business associations, research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world. The conference conducted in-depth exchanges and discussions on relevant topics such as energy engineering and chemical engineering, aiming to provide an academic and technical communication platform for scholars and engineers engaged in scientific research and engineering practice in the field of energy materials, energy equipment and electrochemistry. By sharing the research status of scientific research achievements and cutting-edge technologies, it helps scholars and engineers all over the world comprehend the academic development trends and broaden research ideas. So as to strengthen international academic research, academic topics exchange and discussion, and promote the industrialization cooperation of academic achievements.

In China, as Internet of Things and cloud-computing have been widely used in various areas, the concept of Intelligent City quickly became one of the most exciting topics in urban development. Various institutes and organizations (e.g., National Technology Department, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences) proposed their ideas on how to build intelligent cities in China. Intelligent City has tremendous benefits to modern China. First of all, China needs to construct its own intelligent cities in order to realize the economic transformation (from extensive to intensive, from low end to high end and from follower to leader), the industry upgrade, as well as transformation in city development. Secondly, Intelligent City is also an important new approach to boost China's economy since the traditional economic forms, such as real estate, automobiles, and import and export, are currently in a downtrend. Most importantly, utilizing the high-tech methods can help us build low-carbon cities. According to estimates, by building intelligent cities, we are able to increase the efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction by 30%-40%. In order to facilitate the healthy development of intelligent cities in China, build the competitive advantage of Chinese cities in the world, and respond to the high demand for information on Intelligent City from readers, this book discusses in detail the status, current problems, perspectives and methods in the development of Intelligent City in China.

Design, Analysis and Applications of Renewable Energy Systems covers recent advancements in the study of renewable energy control systems by bringing together diverse scientific breakthroughs on the modeling, control and optimization of renewable energy systems as conveyed by leading energy systems engineering researchers. The book focuses on present novel solutions for many problems in the field, covering modeling, control theorems and the optimization techniques that will help solve many scientific issues for researchers. Multidisciplinary applications are also discussed, along with their fundamentals, modeling, analysis, design, realization and experimental results. This book fills the gaps between different interdisciplinary applications, ranging from mathematical concepts, modeling, and analysis, up to the realization and experimental work. - Presents some of the latest innovative approaches to renewable energy systems from the point-of-view of dynamic modeling, system analysis, optimization, control and circuit design - Focuses on advances related to optimization techniques for renewable energy and forecasting using machine learning methods - Includes new circuits and systems, helping researchers solve many nonlinear problems

We are pleased to welcome readers to this issue of the Journal of Applied Operational Research (JAOR), Volume 2, Number 2. The journal reports on developments in all aspects of operational research, including the latest advances and applications. It is a primarily goal of the journal to focus on and publish practical case studies which illustrate real-life applications.