Most people tend to view number theory as the very paradigm of pure mathematics. With the advent of computers, however, number theory has been finding an increasing number of applications in practical settings, such as in cryptography, random number generation, coding theory, and even concert hall acoustics. Yet other applications are still emerging - providing number theorists with some major new areas of opportunity. The 1996 IMA summer program on Emerging Applications of Number Theory was aimed at stimulating further work with some of these newest (and most attractive) applications. Concentration was on number theory's recent links with: (a) wave phenomena in quantum mechanics (more specifically, quantum chaos); and (b) graph theory (especially expander graphs and related spectral theory). This volume contains the contributed papers from that meeting and will be of interest to anyone intrigued by novel applications of modern number-theoretical techniques.

This volume contains the proceedings of the workshop held at the DIMACS Center of Rutgers University (Piscataway, NJ) on Unusual Applications of Number Theory. Standard applications of number theory are to computer science and cryptology. In this volume, well-known number theorist, Melvyn B. Nathanson, gathers articles from the workshop on other, less standard applications in number theory, as well as topics in number theory with potential applications in science and engineering. The material is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in number theory and its applications.

In a manner accessible to beginning undergraduates, An Invitation to Modern Number Theory introduces many of the central problems, conjectures, results, and techniques of the field, such as the Riemann Hypothesis, Roth's Theorem, the Circle Method, and Random Matrix Theory. Showing how experiments are used to test conjectures and prove theorems, the book allows students to do original work on such problems, often using little more than calculus (though there are numerous remarks for those with deeper backgrounds). It shows students what number theory theorems are used for and what led to them and suggests problems for further research. Steven Miller and Ramin Takloo-Bighash introduce the problems and the computational skills required to numerically investigate them, providing background material (from probability to statistics to Fourier analysis) whenever necessary. They guide students through a variety of problems, ranging from basic number theory, cryptography, and Goldbach's Problem, to the algebraic structures of numbers and continued fractions, showing connections between these subjects and encouraging students to study them further. In addition, this is the first undergraduate book to explore Random Matrix Theory, which has recently become a powerful tool for predicting answers in number theory. Providing exercises, references to the background literature, and Web links to previous student research projects, An Invitation to Modern Number Theory can be used to teach a research seminar or a lecture class.

This volume, based on fourteen papers from the Millennial Conference on Number Theory, represents surveys of topics in number theory and provides an outlook into the future of number theory research. It serves as an inspiration to graduate students and as a reference for research mathematicians.

Building on the tradition of an outstanding series of conferences at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the organizers attracted an international group of scholars to open the new Millennium with a conference that reviewed the current state of number theory research and pointed to future directions in the field. The conference was the largest general number theory conference in recent history, featuring a total of 159 talks, with the plenary lectures given by George Andrews, Jean Bourgain, Kevin Ford, Ron Graham, Andrew Granville, Roger Heath-Brown, Christopher Hooley, Winnie Li, Kumar Murty, Mel Nathanson, Ken Ono, Carl Pomerance, Bjorn Poonen, Wolfgang Schmidt, Chris Skinner, K. Soundararajan, Robert Tijdeman, Robert Vaughan, and Hugh Williams. The Proceedings Volumes of the conference review some of the major number theory achievements of this century and to chart some of the directions in which the subject will be heading during the new century. These volumes will serve as a useful reference to researchers in the area and an introduction to topics of current interest in number theory for a general audience in mathematics.

This book will be published Open Access with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). The eBook can be downloaded electronically for free. This volume contains the proceedings of the LuCaNT (LMFDB, Computation, and Number Theory) conference held from July 10–14, 2023, at the Institute for Computational and Experimental Research in Mathematics (ICERM), Providence, Rhode Island and affiliated with Brown University. This conference provided an opportunity for researchers, scholars, and practitioners to exchange ideas, share advances, and collaborate in the fields of computation, mathematical databases, number theory, and arithmetic geometry. The papers that appear in this volume record recent advances in these areas, with special focus on the LMFDB (the L-Functions and Modular Forms Database), an online resource for mathematical objects arising in the Langlands program and the connections between them.

"Number Theory in Science and Communication" is a well-known introduction for non-mathematicians to this fascinating and useful branch of applied mathematics . It stresses intuitive understanding rather than abstract theory and highlights important concepts such as continued fractions, the golden ratio, quadratic residues and Chinese remainders, trapdoor functions, pseudo primes and primitive elements. Their applications to problems in the real world are one of the main themes of the book. This revised fifth edition is augmented by recent advances in coding theory, permutations and derangements and a chapter in quantum cryptography. From reviews of earlier editions – "I continue to find [Schroeder’s] Number Theory a goldmine of valuable information. It is a marvelous book, in touch with the most recent applications of number theory and written with great clarity and humor.’ Philip Morrison (Scientific American) "A light-hearted and readable volume with a wide range of applications to which the author has been a productive contributor – useful mathematics outside the formalities of theorem and proof." Martin Gardner

In the world of mathematics, the study of fuzzy relations and its theories are well-documented and a staple in the area of calculative methods. What many researchers and scientists overlook is how fuzzy theory can be applied to industries outside of arithmetic. The framework of fuzzy logic is much broader than professionals realize. There is a lack of research on the full potential this theoretical model can reach. The Handbook of Research on Emerging Applications of Fuzzy Algebraic Structures provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of fuzzy set theory and its real-life applications within the fields of engineering and science. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as complex systems, topological spaces, and linear transformations, this book is ideally designed for academicians, professionals, and students seeking current research on innovations in fuzzy logic in algebra and other matrices.

Die jüngsten Entwicklungen zeigen, dass sich Wahrscheinlichkeitsverfahren zu einem sehr wirkungsvollen Werkzeug entwickelt haben, und das auf so unterschiedlichen Gebieten wie statistische Physik, dynamische Systeme, Riemann'sche Geometrie, Gruppentheorie, harmonische Analyse, Graphentheorie und Informatik.

The theory of automorphic forms has seen dramatic developments in recent years. In particular, important instances of Langlands functoriality have been established. This volume presents three weeks of lectures from the IAS/Park City Mathematics Institute Summer School on automorphic forms and their applications. It addresses some of the general aspects of automorphic forms, as well as certain recent advances in the field. The book starts with the lectures of Borel on the basic theory of automorphic forms, which lay the foundation for the lectures by Cogdell and Shahidi on converse theorems and the Langlands-Shahidi method, as well as those by Clozel and Li on the Ramanujan conjectures and graphs. The analytic theory of GL(2)-forms and $L$-functions are the subject of Michel's lectures, while Terras covers arithmetic quantum chaos. The volume also includes a chapter by Vogan on isolated unitary representations, which is related to the lectures by Clozel. This volume is recommended for independent study or an advanced topics course. It is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in automorphic forms and number theory. the Institute for Advanced Study/Park City Mathematics Institute. Members of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA) and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) receive a 20% discount from list price.