Transcutaneous ultrasonography is an established procedure for diagnosis and therapy in gastroenterology. However, ultrasonic images can often be hampered by pulmonary and intestinal gas and by bony and adipose tissue. In 1956 Wild and Reid reported the first results of transrectal ultrasound of the prostate [1]. In 1976 Lutz introduced an A-mode ultrasonic probe which could be introduced via the biopsy channel of an endoscope [2]. In 1978 and 1980 Hisanaga performed echocardiography using an ultrasonic transducer attached to the tip of a flexible instrument [3, 4]. In animal studies and later on in humans Di Magno has used an echoendoscope in which a small transducer was attached at the tip of a fiberoptic endoscope [5, 6]. The purpose was to overcome the limitations of transcutaneous ultrasonography by directly approaching target lesions with a high-frequency ultrasound source via the gastroin testinallumen. SJlbsequently, the first series of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) examinations were reported during the European congress in Stockholm [7]. The purpose of this book is: 1. To evaluate the technique and the equipment for endoscopic ultrasonography 2. To evaluate in detail the endosonographic pattern of the normal and abnormal wall structure 3. To analyze a large consecutive series of various gastrointestinal malignancies in order to determine the usefulness and accuracy of EUS in the detection, staging, and therapy of malignant diseases 4. To compare EUS with other imaging techniques References 1.

Technical improvements over the past twenty years have made endos copy the procedure of choice for examination of the hollow organs of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts. The development of electro surgical techniques, laser technology, injection therapy, and a wide variety of other modalities now allow the endoscopist to treat many problems that in the past required open surgery. The simultaneous development of transcutaneous abdominal sonography has had an equally dramatic impact on the practice of gastrointestinal and geni tourinary surgery. The marriage of these proven technologies, known as endoscopic sonography, provides an exciting new modality that promises to further revolutionize the diagnosis and management of many intraabdominal diseases. Endoscopic sonography opens new frontiers by overcoming the primary limitations of its parent technologies. Fiberoptic endoscopy is limited by the inability to see beyond the luminal surface, this is particularly important when considering neoplastic disease because depth of wall invasion is a key factor in determining treatment. The limiting factor in transcutaneous sonography is the distance between the transducer and the target organ. With endoscopic sonography, the transducer is placed in close proximity to the target organ. This allows the use of high frequency waves (greater than 5 MHz), which provide better tissue resolution and eliminates the image distortion caused by overlying structures.

Endosonography—by Drs. Robert H. Hawes, Paul Fockens, and Shyam Varadarjulu—is a rich visual guide that covers everything you need to effectively perform EUS, interpret your findings, diagnose accurately, and choose the best treatment course. World-renowned endosonographers help beginners apply endosonography in the staging of cancers, evaluating chronic pancreatitis, and studying bile duct abnormalities and submucosal lesions. Practicing endosonographers can learn cutting-edge techniques for performing therapeutic interventions such as drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and EUS-guided anti-tumor therapy. This updated 2nd edition features online access to the fully searchable text, videos detailing various methods and procedures, and more at www.expertconsult.com. You’ll have a complete overview of all aspects of EUS, from instrumentation to therapeutic procedures. Gain a detailed visual understanding on how to perform EUS using illustrations and high-quality images. Understand the role of EUS with the aid of algorithms that define its place in specific disease states. Locate information quickly and easily through a consistent chapter structure, with procedures organized by body system. Access the fully searchable text online at www.expertconsult.com, along with 60 procedural video clips, 300 downloadable PowerPoint slides, and 400 downloadable images, and regular updates reflecting the latest findings. Stay abreast of the most recent studies thanks to downloadable tables that summarize new information, updated on a quarterly basis. Master the technique of systematically performing EUS, then download the hundreds of slides and videos available online to teach and train the newer generation of endoscopists. Find coverage relevant to your needs with detailed chapters, illustrations, and videos on how to perform EUS for the beginner; a new section on international EUS and technical tips on how to handle difficult FNAs for the advanced user; a totally revised chapter on cytopathology for the pathologist; and a chapter on EBUS and EUS dedicated to the mediastinum for the pulmonologist. Get a clear overview of everything you need to know to establish an endoscopic practice, from what equipment to buy to providing effective cytopathology service. Tap into the expertise of world-renowned leaders in endosonography, Drs. Robert H. Hawes, Paul Fockens, and Shyam Varadarajulu.

Covering the full spectrum of endoscopic ultrasound, Endosonography, 4th Edition, by Drs. Robert Hawes, Paul Fockens, and Shyam Varadarajulu, is a comprehensive, one-stop resource for mastering both diagnostic and therapeutic EUS procedures. Leading global authorities guide you step by step through both introductory and advanced techniques, covering everything from interpretation and accurate diagnosis to treatment recommendations. High-quality images and an easy-to-navigate format make this updated reference a must-have for both beginning and experienced endosonographers. Provides practical information on establishing an endoscopic practice, from what equipment to buy to providing effective cytopathology services. Employs a user-friendly templated format to cover all topics from basic applications to advanced interventions, with procedures organized by body system. Features completed updated content throughout, including new sections on high-intensity focused ultrasound, through-the-needle biopsy, benign pancreatic masses, and gastro-jejunostomy. Includes perspectives from new contributors who provide global experience and knowledge. Contains new and enhanced illustrations that correlate with high-quality endoscopic images. Teaches clinically relevant techniques through dozens of new how-to videos. Covers cutting-edge techniques for performing therapeutic interventions, such as drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and EUS-guided anti-tumor therapy, as well as fine needle aspiration (FNA) procedures. Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

A must-have reference for both beginning and experienced endosonographers, Endosonography, 5th Edition, coves the full spectrum of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in a single, convenient resource. Concise, easy-to-navigate chapters keep you abreast of changes in this dynamic field, and nearly 150 procedural videos reinforce techniques of common, clinically relevant procedures. Covering both standard and newer techniques, this authoritative reference covers everything you need to know—from basic applications to advanced interventions. - Guides you step by step through both introductory and advanced techniques, covering everything from interpretation and accurate diagnosis to treatment recommendations. - Employs a user-friendly, templated format to cover all topics from basic applications to advanced interventions, with procedures organized by body system. - Includes a new chapter on Endo-Hepatology, and an increased focus on using EUS for interventions. - Features 20 new procedural videos covering topics such as esophageal and gastric cancer; mediastinal lesions and lung cancer; pancreatic tumors; and bile duct, gallbladder, and ampullary lesions. - Covers recent improvements and new applications in guided fine-needle EUS for diagnosis and cancer staging. - Features high-quality images with correlative illustrations, diagnostic algorithms, examination checklists, and key points boxes throughout. - Provides nearly 150 how-to-videos of both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures performed by expert endosonographers that demonstrate effective techniques and the proper use of equipment. - Provides practical information on establishing an endoscopic practice, from what equipment to buy to effective cytopathology services.

Over 30 respected endosonographers from around the world describe, step by step, how to perform a full range of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) procedures. They also evaluate the types of equipment available, explore EUS-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy, discuss interventional/therapeutic applications, and much more. Abundant line drawings provide a precise anatomical correlation for EUS imaging findings.

This book is an introduction for students and young doctors at the beginning of their career in diagnostic ultrasonography. It also presents the latest in innovations and techniques in gastrointestinal ultrasonography. The reader will find basic aspects of ultrasonography as well as highly advanced technical and research papers. The first category will be easy to understand for most readers. The second category may require some preparation from the student. All advanced papers represent the frontiers of knowledge.The first few chapters deal with the basic principles of ultrasound and its use in tissue characterization. They are followed by chapters on the use of ultrasound for the characterization of tissue biomechanics and on novel techniques such as 3D ultrasound and hydrosonography. The clinical applications are outlined in the last few chapters of the book.

Yamada’s Textbook of Gastroenterology has for 20 years been the most comprehensive gastroenterology reference book, combining an encyclopaedic basic science approach to GI and liver disease with the latest clinical thinking, especially in diagnostic and therapeutic developments. It is universally respected across the globe. The original outstanding editorial team was led by Tadataka Yamada, MD, one of the world's leading figures in GI research. As in previous editions, the new textbook reflects the collective efforts of the editors and a hugely impressive team of contributors, who are each experts in their specific areas. Now with another world leader in gastroenterology as Editor-in-Chief, Daniel K. Podolsky MD, President and Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, together with a stellar group of associate editors, the 6th edition of this iconic textbook has been expanded and enhanced in many ways with new content and technology.