This book discusses the problems and challenges in the interdisciplinary research field of self-adaptive software systems. Modern society is increasingly filled with software-intensive systems, which are required to operate in more and more dynamic and uncertain environments. These systems must monitor and control their environment while adapting to meet the requirements at runtime. This book provides promising approaches and research methods in software engineering, system engineering, and related fields to address the challenges in engineering the next-generation adaptive software systems. The contents of the book range from design and engineering principles (Chap. 1) to control–theoretic solutions (Chap. 2) and bidirectional transformations (Chap. 3), which can be seen as promising ways to implement the functional requirements of self-adaptive systems. Important quality requirements are also dealt with by these approaches: parallel adaptation for performance (Chap. 4), self-adaptive authorization infrastructure for security (Chap. 5), and self-adaptive risk assessment for self-protection (Chap. 6). Finally, Chap. 7 provides a concrete self-adaptive robotics operating system as a testbed for self-adaptive systems. The book grew out of a series of the Shonan Meetings on this ambitious topic held in 2012, 2013, and 2015. The authors were active participants in the meetings and have brought in interesting points of view. After several years of reflection, they now have been able to crystalize the ideas contained herein and collaboratively pave the way for solving some aspects of the research problems. As a result, the book stands as a milestone to initiate further progress in this promising interdisciplinary research field.

Although the self-adaptability of systems has been studied in a wide range of disciplines, from biology to robotics, only recently has the software engineering community recognized its key role in enabling the development of self-adaptive systems that are able to adapt to internal faults, changing requirements, and evolving environments. The 15 carefully reviewed papers included in this state-of-the-art survey were presented at the International Seminar on "Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems", held in Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, in October 2010. Continuing the course of the first book of the series on "Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems" the collection of papers in this second volume comprises a research roadmap accompanied by four elaborating working group papers. Next there are two parts - with three papers each - entitled "Requirements and Policies" and "Design Issues"; part four of the book contains four papers covering a wide range of "Applications".

Much of a software architect’s life is spent designing software systems to meet a set of quality requirements. General software quality attributes include scalability, security, performance or reliability. Quality attribute requirements are part of an application’s non-functional requirements, which capture the many facets of how the functional - quirements of an application are achieved. Understanding, modeling and continually evaluating quality attributes throughout a project lifecycle are all complex engineering tasks whichcontinuetochallengethe softwareengineeringscienti ccommunity. While we search for improved approaches, methods, formalisms and tools that are usable in practice and can scale to large systems, the complexity of the applications that the so- ware industry is challenged to build is ever increasing. Thus, as a research community, there is little opportunity for us to rest on our laurels, as our innovations that address new aspects of system complexity must be deployed and validated. To this end the 5th International Conference on the Quality of Software Archit- tures (QoSA) 2009 focused on architectures for adaptive software systems. Modern software systems must often recon guretheir structure and behavior to respond to c- tinuous changes in requirements and in their execution environment. In these settings, quality models are helpful at an architectural level to guide systematic model-driven software development strategies by evaluating the impact of competing architectural choices.

The carefully reviewed papers in this state-of-the-art survey describe a wide range of approaches coming from different strands of software engineering, and look forward to future challenges facing this ever-resurgent and exacting field of research.

The development of self-adaptive software requires the engineering of an adaptation engine that controls and adapts the underlying adaptable software by means of feedback loops. The adaptation engine often describes the adaptation by using runtime models representing relevant aspects of the adaptable software and particular activities such as analysis and planning that operate on these runtime models. To systematically address the interplay between runtime models and adaptation activities in adaptation engines, runtime megamodels have been proposed for self-adaptive software. A runtime megamodel is a specific runtime model whose elements are runtime models and adaptation activities. Thus, a megamodel captures the interplay between multiple models and between models and activities as well as the activation of the activities. In this article, we go one step further and present a modeling language for ExecUtable RuntimE MegAmodels (EUREMA) that considerably eases the development of adaptation engines by following a model-driven engineering approach. We provide a domain-specific modeling language and a runtime interpreter for adaptation engines, in particular for feedback loops. Megamodels are kept explicit and alive at runtime and by interpreting them, they are directly executed to run feedback loops. Additionally, they can be dynamically adjusted to adapt feedback loops. Thus, EUREMA supports development by making feedback loops, their runtime models, and adaptation activities explicit at a higher level of abstraction. Moreover, it enables complex solutions where multiple feedback loops interact or even operate on top of each other. Finally, it leverages the co-existence of self-adaptation and off-line adaptation for evolution.

Self-adaptive software evaluates its own behavior and changes its behavior when the evaluation indicates that the software does not accomplish what it is intended to do or when better functionality or better performance is possible. The self-adaptive approach in software engineering builds on well-known features like the use of errors and the handling of exceptions in languages like Lisp or Java and aims at improving the robustness of software systems by gradually adding new features of self-adaption and autonomity. This book originates from the First International Workshop on Self-Adaptive Software, IWSAS 2000, held in Oxford, UK in April 2000. The revised full papers presented in the volume together with an introductory survey by the volume editors assess the state of the art in this emerging new field and set the scene for future research and development work.

A major challenge for modern software systems is to become more cost-effective, while being versatile, flexible, resilient, energy-efficient, customizable, and configurable when reacting to run-time changes that may occur within the system itself, its environment or requirements. One of the most promising approaches to achieving such properties is to equip the software system with self-adaptation capabilities. Despite recent advances in this area, one key aspect that remains to be tackled in depth is the provision of assurances. Originating from a Dagstuhl seminar held in December 2013, this book constitutes the third volume in the series “Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems”, and looks specifically into the provision of assurances. Opening with an overview chapter on Research Challenges, the book presents 13 further chapters written and carefully reviewed by internationally leading researchers in the field. The book is divided into topical sections on research challenges, evaluation, integration and coordination, and reference architectures and platforms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering, ENASE 2018, held in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, in March 2018. The 17 revised full papers and 5 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 95 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on service science and business information systems and software engineering.

This volume contains a record of some of the lectures and seminars delivered at the Third International School on Engineering Trustworthy Software Systems (SETSS 2017), held in April 2017 at Southwest University in Chongqing, China. The six contributions included in this volume provide an overview of leading-edge research in methods and tools for use in computer system engineering. They have been distilled from six original courses delivered at the school on topics such as: rely/guarantee thinking; Hoare-style specification and verification of object-oriented programs with JML; logic, specification, verification, and interactive proof; software model checking with Automizer; writing programs and proofs; engineering self-adaptive software-intensive systems; and with an additional contribution on the challenges for formal semantic description. The material is useful for postgraduate students, researchers, academics, and industrial engineers, who are interested in the theory and practice of methods and tools for the design and programming of trustworthy software systems.

The increasing complexity of systems and the growing uncertainty in their operational environments have created a critical need to develop systems able to improve their operation, adapt to change, and recover from failures autonomously. This situation has led to recent advances in self-adaptive systems able to reconfigure their structure and modify their behavior at run-time to adapt to environmental changes. Despite these advances, one key aspect of self-adaptive systems that remains to be tackled in depth is "assurances": the provision of evidence that the system satisfies its stated functional and non-functional requirements during its operation in the presence of self-adaptation. This book is one of the outcomes of the ESEC/FSE 2011 Workshop on Assurances for Self-Adaptive Systems (ASAS), held in Szeged, Hungary, in September 2011. It contains extended versions of some of the papers presented during the workshop, as well as invited papers from recognized experts. The 12 refereed papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected. The book consists of four parts: formal verification, models and middleware, failure prediction, and assurance techniques.