This book examines the extent to which there are trade impediments to the transfer and adoption of environmental goods and services and how can these be addressed by global trade negotiations.

To what extent are there trade impediments to the transfer and adoption of environmental goods and services? How can these be addressed by global trade negotiations? What is the role of complementary measures in order to ensure "win-win" benefits -- that is promoting both environmental protection and economic growth? And how can developing countries also benefit to ensure a triple -- "win-win-win" -- situation? This book addresses these questions. A key conclusion of the research is the need for policy settings to address both supply and demand-side factors. Indeed supply-side factors, including a diverse and cumulative range of trade barriers are more significant inhibitors of the deployment of technology and service-based solutions to global environmental challenges than has been assumed heretofore. As a new round of services trade negotiations gathers momentum at the World Trade Organisation, and efforts continue to launch a broader WTO Round encompassing tariff negotiations, it is hoped this volume makes a timely contribution to debate on how trade liberalisation can yield concrete results on the journey to sustainable development.

Environmental goods and services have been identified as key sectors where the potential is fairly high for 'win-win-win' outcomes from trade liberalisation for the promotion of environmental protection and economic development. It is considered that expansion of trade liberalisation in environmental goods and services could help address acute environmental problems and resource efficiency in many countries, particularly the developing countries. The global market in environmental goods and services shows rapid growth potential and this may economically benefit both developed and developing countries.At the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) at Doha in November 2001, WTO members agreed in Paragraph 31 (iii) of the Doha Ministerial Declaration (DMD) as follows: '31. With a view to enhancing the mutual supportiveness of trade and environment, we agree to negotiations, without prejudging their outcome, on...(iii) the reduction or, as appropriate, elimination of tariff and non-tariff barriers to environmental goods and services.'The DMD further states that the elimination of trade barriers would lead to 'win-win-win' situations, as it would have beneficial effects on trade, the environment and development. Questions arise (a) what are environmental goods and services, (b) what kind of 'win-win-win' situations may emerge from their further liberalisation, and (c) what specific trade and environmental interests can WTO members identify from the 'win-win-win' scenarios?This research considers the issues raised by the call for trade liberalisation in environmental goods and services sector. Chapter 2 examines the environment industry and Chapter 3 provides various definitions of environmental goods and services by international organisations and WTO developed and developing members. It outlines the definitional challenges and briefly explores some post-Doha developments. Chapter 4 and 5 analyse the mandate under the DMD and the implications for trade. Chapter 6 identifies and examines the environmental regulatory framework required to address the increasing demand for environmental goods and services.Chapter 7 explores various challenges related to the market structure and Chapter 8 provides conclusion and policy recommendations.

This study presents a synthesis of 17 country studies on environmental goods and services (EG & S) commissioned by the OECD, UNCTAD and the UNDP. The countries examined are Brazil, Chile, China, Cuba, the Czech Republic, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Kenya, Korea, Mexico, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Thailand and Vietnam. Its aim is to identify determinants of demand for EG & S; to show common themes and experiences in the EG & S markets of different countries; and to draw attention to key trade, environment and development policy linkages. It also seeks to contribute to the exchange of expertise and experience in the area of trade and environment so that liberalisation of trade in EG & S can benefit all countries, developing and developed alike.

Drawing on the expertise of leading voices, this book takes stock of key challenges in addressing climate change mitigation, serving as a reference tool for understanding the interface between international trade and climate and shedding light on key issues including global commons, border tax adjustment, subsidies and biofuels.

This volume is a compendium of working papers intended to be a practical tool for negotiations on liberalising trade in environmental goods and services.

This second edition of the OECD Economic Globalisation Indicators presents a broad range of indicators on trade, foreign direct investment, the economic activity of multinational firms, and the internationalisation of technology.

Argues that prosperity has rarely, if ever, been achieved or sustained without trade. Trade alone, however, is not enough; policies targeting employment, education, health and other issues are also needed to promote well-being and tackle the challenges of a globalised economy.

Trade liberalization, as promoted by the World Trade Organization (WTO), has become one of the dominant drivers and most controversial aspects of globalization. Trade sustainability impact assessments (SIAs) were introduced as a means of generating better understanding especially of the social and environmental impacts of trade liberalisation, and of making those impacts more consistent with sustainable development. This book takes a hard look at the experience of Trade SIAs to date, and the extent to which they have achieved their objectives and improved the outcomes of trade negotiations. It proposes several ways in which Trade SIAs could be made more effective, and illustrates these in respect of controversial sectors in which trade liberalisation has been implemented or proposed, including commodities, services and investment. Finally the book makes proposals beyond SIA through which some of the conflicts between trade liberalization and sustainable development could be more effectively addressed. Written by top researchers and experts on trade SIAs, this book is vital for researchers, academics, post-graduate students and policy makers working on any aspect of impact assessment, international trade or globalisation more generally. In addition, the book will provide a particularly useful background for those considering how the environment and trade interrelate at both global and regional levels, with some particular insights on climate change and trade policies.