This installment in the Techniques in Life Science and Biomedicine for the Non-Expert series aims to describe ESR spectroscopy as a tool for different applications, such as Healthcare & Pharmaceutical Science, Paleontology & Geochronology and Food Science. In keeping with the series theme, this text is presented in such a manner that the amateur researcher or graduate student can absorb it, while highlighting recent advances and applications of the field. Chapters include solved examples and questions to reinforce themes and encourage readers to apply what they've learnt. ​

Instrumentation is central to the study of physiology and genetics in living organisms, especially at the molecular level. Numerous techniques have been developed to address this in various biological disciplines, creating a need to understand the physical principles involved in the operation of research instruments and the parameters required in using them. Introduction to Instrumentation in Life Sciences fills this need by addressing different aspects of tools that hold the keys to cutting-edge research and innovative applications, from basic techniques to advanced instrumentation. The text describes all topics so even beginners can easily understand the theoretical and practical aspects. Comprehensive chapters encompass well-defined methodology that describes the instruments and their corresponding applications in different scientific fields. The book covers optical and electron microscopy; micrometry, especially in microbial taxonomy; pH meters and oxygen electrodes; chromatography for separation and purification of products from complex mixtures; spectroscopic and spectrophotometric techniques to determine structure and function of biomolecules; preparative and analytical centrifugation; electrophoretic techniques; x-ray microanalysis including crystallography; applications of radioactivity, including autoradiography and radioimmunoassays; and fermentation technology and subsequent separation of products of interest. The book is designed to serve a wide range of students and researchers in diversified fields of life sciences: pharmacy, biotechnology, microbiology, biochemistry, and environmental sciences. It introduces different aspects of basic experimental methods and instrumentation. The book is unique in its broad subject coverage, incorporating fundamental techniques as well as applications of modern molecular and proteomic tools that are the basis for state-of-the-art research. The text emphasizes techniques encountered both in practical classes and in high-throughput environments used in modern industry. As a further aid to students, the authors provide well-illustrated diagrams to explain the principles and theories behind the instruments described.

This book examines various applications of electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) in medicine, covering topics such as interactions between blood and nanoparticles, physical intricacy of HbNO complexes, parasitic diseases, oxidative stress measurement, polymerization of resinous materials used in dentistry, tooth dosimetry and dermatological applications. Instead of providing mathematical details, it focuses on the applications and data interpretation of ESR as an emerging tool. This book is intended for students and researchers interested in the field of ESR applications in translational research and medicine.

This volume provides an overview of the development and scope of molecular biophysics and in-depth discussions of the major experimental methods that enable biological macromolecules to be studied at atomic resolution. It also reviews the physical chemical concepts that are needed to interpret the experimental results and to understand how the structure, dynamics, and physical properties of biological macromolecules enable them to perform their biological functions. Reviews of research on three disparate biomolecular machines—DNA helicases, ATP synthases, and myosin--illustrate how the combination of theory and experiment leads to new insights and new questions.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Volume 21 highlights major developments in this area, with results being set into the context of earlier work and presented as a set of critical yet coherent overviews. The topics covered describe contrasting types of application, ranging from biological areas such as EPR studies of free-radical reactions in biology and medically-related systems, to experimental developments and applications involving EPR imaging, the use of very high fields, and time-resolved methods. Critical and up-to-the-minute reviews of advances involving the design of spin-traps, advances in spin-labelling, paramagnetic centres on solid surfaces, exchange-coupled oligomers, metalloproteins and radicals in flavoenzymes are also included. As EPR continues to find new applications in virtually all areas of modern science, including physics, chemistry, biology and materials science, this series caters not only for experts in the field, but also those wishing to gain a general overview of EPR applications in a given area. Volume 21 cover literature published during 2005 and 2006.

This unique, self-contained resource is the first volume on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in the eMagRes Handbook series. The 27 chapters cover the theoretical principles, the common experimental techniques, and many important application areas of modern EPR spectroscopy. EPR Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Methods is presented in four major parts: A: Fundamental Theory, B: Basic Techniques and Instrumentation, C: High-Resolution Pulse Techniques, and D: Special Techniques. The first part of the book gives the reader an introduction to basic continuous-wave (CW) EPR and an overview of the different magnetic interactions that can be determined by EPR spectroscopy, their associated theoretical description, and their information content. The second provides the basics of the various EPR techniques, including pulse EPR, and EPR imaging, along with the associated instrumentation. Parts C and D builds on parts A and B and offer introductory accounts of a wide range of modern advanced EPR techniques, with examples of applications. The last two parts presents most of the new advances that do not appear in most of the classical EPR textbooks that focus on CW EPR. EPR Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Methods contains, in concise form, all the material needed to understand state-of-the-art EPR spectroscopy at the graduate school/research level, whilst the editors have ensured that it presents the topic at a level accessible to newcomers to the field and others who want to know its range of application and how to apply it.

EPR spectroscopy is a versatile, nondestructive technique widely used in chemistry, biology, and physics. It detects molecules and materials with unpaired electrons making it a very selective technique that produces a wealth of information on such systems. Its high sensitivity makes it suitable in analyzing very small samples, single crystals, or reaction intermediates like radicals. This textbook takes a practical approach that introduces the basic concepts of EPR to sufficient detail to allow the reader to gain a basic knowledge of EPR and understand how experiments are carried out and how spectra are analyzed and interpreted. Many illustrative examples are included drawn from solid-state physics and bioinorganic chemistry. It is suitable as a short introduction for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students taking their first steps into EPR research.

The discovery of uniform latex particles by polymer chemists of the Dow Chemical Company nearly 50 years ago opened up new exciting fields for scientists and physicians and established many new biomedical applications. Many in vitro diagnostic tests such as the latex agglutination tests, analytical cell and phagocytosis tests have since become rou tine. They were all developed on the basis of small particles bound to biological active molecules and fluorescent and radioactive markers. Further developments are ongoing, with the focus now shifted to applications of polymer particles in the controlled and di rected transport of drugs in living systems. Four important factors make microspheres interesting for in vivo applications: First, biocompatible polymer particles can be used to transport known amounts of drug and re lease them in a controlled fashion. Second, particles can be made of materials which bio degrade in living organisms without doing any harm. Third, particles with modified surfaces are able to avoid rapid capture by the reticuloendothelial system and therefore en hance their blood circulation time. Fourth, combining particles with specific molecules may allow organ-directed targeting.

The subject matter of this book is the application of EMR/ESR/EPR spectroscopy for characterization of nanomaterials. Initial chapters deal with nanomaterials and their classification. Characterization of metallic nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and rare earth impurity doped nanoparticles from the (ESR) spectrum parameters are covered in the chapters that follow. A special feature of the book is EMR/ESR/EPR spectroscopic characterization of nanoparticles which are important due to their bactericidal and anticancerous properties. Strength of continuous wave (CW) is explained with the help of suitable examples. The book focuses on applications and data interpretation avoiding extensive use of mathematics so that it also caters to the need of young scientists in the life science disciplines. The book includes a comparison with other spectroscopic characterization methods so as to give an integrated approach to the reader. It will prove useful to biomedical scientists and engineers, chemists, and materials engineers in student, researcher, and practitioner positions.

This is the first book to present the necessary quantum chemical methods for both resonance types in one handy volume, emphasizing the crucial interrelation between NMR and EPR parameters from a computational and theoretical point of view. Here, readers are given a broad overview of all the pertinent topics, such as basic theory, methodic considerations, benchmark results and applications for both spectroscopy methods in such fields as biochemistry, bioinorganic chemistry as well as with different substance classes, including fullerenes, zeolites and transition metal compounds. The chapters have been written by leading experts in a given area, but with a wider audience in mind. The result is the standard reference on the topic, serving as a guide to the best computational methods for any given problem, and is thus an indispensable tool for scientists using quantum chemical calculations of NMR and EPR parameters. A must-have for all chemists, physicists, biologists and materials scientists who wish to augment their research by quantum chemical calculations of magnetic resonance data, but who are not necessarily specialists in these methods or their applications. Furthermore, specialists in one of the subdomains of this wide field will be grateful to find here an overview of what lies beyond their own area of focus.