This concise introduction to modern climatology covers the key topics for intermediate undergraduate students on one-semester courses. The treatment of topics is non-mathematical wherever possible, instead focusing on physical processes to allow students to grasp concepts more easily. Full-color illustrations support the text and supplementary topics are covered in boxes, enabling students to further increase their knowledge and awareness. A historical perspective of climatology is woven throughout, providing students with an insight into key scientists and technological developments. Each chapter concludes with a summary of the main points and a mixture of review and discussion questions, encouraging students to check their understanding and think critically. A list of key web links to data and other resources, and solutions and hints to answers to the student questions (password-protected for instructors) are provided online to complete the teaching package.

Green Culture: An A-to-Z Guide explores the on-going paradigm shift in culture and lifestyles toward promoting a sustainable environment. After years of discussion about the environment dating back to the 1960s counter-culture, the recent explosion of green initiatives has induced the general public to embrace all things green, from recycling in the home to admiring green celebrities. This volume assesses the green cultural transformations by presenting some 150 articles of importance to students of sociology, history, political science, communications, public relations, anthropology, literature, arts and drama. Presented in A-to-Z format, the articles include appealing topics from green Hollywood to green spirituality, green art, and green restaurants. This work culminates in an outstanding reference available in both print and electronic formats for academic, university, and public libraries. Vivid photographs, searchable hyperlinks, numerous cross references, an extensive resource guide, and a clear, accessible writing style make the Green Society volumes ideal for classroom use as well as for research.

Explore the intricate relationship between clouds and the water cycle with The Water Cycle and Clouds. This essential guide offers a comprehensive look at how clouds contribute to critical hydrological processes and their impact on global water distribution. Discover How Clouds Shape Our Water Cycle This book provides an in-depth examination of the water cycle, focusing on the crucial role that clouds play. You'll gain a clear understanding of how clouds form, influence weather patterns, and affect water distribution across the globe. From evaporation to precipitation and beyond, this guide connects each stage of the water cycle with the dynamic presence of clouds. Key Topics Covered Introduction to the Water Cycle: Understand the fundamental processes that drive Earth's hydrology. Evaporation: Learn how water transforms from liquid to vapor, initiating the cycle. Condensation: Explore how water vapor cools to form clouds, setting the stage for precipitation. Precipitation: Discover how clouds release water back to Earth in various forms such as rain, snow, and hail. Collection: Study how water gathers in bodies of water and the role of runoff. The Role of Clouds: Dive deep into how clouds contribute to and influence the water cycle. Human Impact: Examine how human activities affect the water cycle and cloud formation. Climate Change: Understand the impacts of climate change on cloud patterns and global water distribution. Interactive Activities: Engage with practical exercises and activities that illustrate the water cycle in action. Review and Assessment: Summarize key concepts and assess your understanding of the water cycle and clouds. Why You Should Read This Book The Water Cycle and Clouds offers: Comprehensive Insights: Detailed explanations of each stage of the water cycle and the role of clouds. Scientific Accuracy: Written by experts in hydrology and meteorology to provide reliable information. Practical Learning: Interactive activities help solidify your understanding of complex concepts. Act Now! Enhance your knowledge of Earth's hydrological processes with The Water Cycle and Clouds. Perfect for students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the vital role of clouds in our water cycle, this book provides valuable insights and practical learning. Don’t miss out on this essential guide—order your copy today and start exploring the essential connections between clouds and the water cycle! Click the link to secure your copy.

The study of the earth's climate requires reliable global data sets to validate numerical simulation models and to identify regional and global fluctuations and trends. This book presents ways to obtain such data from space-borne and ground-based measurements, both passive and active, over the entire electromagnetic spectrum. It describes the basics of such methods together with the most recent advancements and spans the field from clouds and the planetary radiation budget to surface processes and ocean properties. Each subject is backed by extensive reference lists to enable readers to probe more deeply.

Reconstructing Earth’s Climate History There has never been a more critical time for students to understand the record of Earth’s climate history, as well as the relevance of that history to understanding Earth’s present and likely future climate. There also has never been a more critical time for students, as well as the public-at-large, to understand how we know, as much as what we know, in science. This book addresses these needs by placing you, the student, at the center of learning. In this book, you will actively use inquiry-based explorations of authentic scientific data to develop skills that are essential in all disciplines: making observations, developing and testing hypotheses, reaching conclusions based on the available data, recognizing and acknowledging uncertainty in scientific data and scientific conclusions, and communicating your results to others. The context for understanding global climate change today lies in the records of Earth’s past, as preserved in archives such as sediments and sedimentary rocks on land and on the seafloor, as well as glacial ice, corals, speleothems, and tree rings. These archives have been studied for decades by geoscientists and paleoclimatologists. Much like detectives, these researchers work to reconstruct what happened in the past, as well as when and how it happened, based on the often-incomplete and indirect records of those events preserved in these archives. This book uses guided-inquiry to build your knowledge of foundational concepts needed to interpret such archives. Foundational concepts include: interpreting the environmental meaning of sediment composition, determining ages of geologic materials and events (supported by a new section on radiometric dating), and understanding the role of CO2 in Earth’s climate system, among others. Next, this book provides the opportunity for you to apply your foundational knowledge to a collection of paleoclimate case studies. The case studies consider: long-term climate trends, climate cycles, major and/or abrupt episodes of global climate change, and polar paleoclimates. New sections on sea level change in the past and future, climate change and life, and climate change and civilization expand the book’s examination of the causes and effects of Earth’s climate history. In using this book, we hope you gain new knowledge, new skills, and greater confidence in making sense of the causes and consequences of climate change. Our goal is that science becomes more accessible to you. Enjoy the challenge and the reward of working with scientific data and results! Reconstructing Earth’s Climate History, Second Edition, is an essential purchase for geoscience students at a variety of levels studying paleoclimatology, paleoceanography, oceanography, historical geology, global change, Quaternary science and Earth-system science.

This book is designed to provide the theoretical, but most of all, the practical bases needed for the achievement of atmospheric composition analyses from infrared remote sensing.

The ocean is an integral component of the Earth's climate system. It covers about 70% of the Earth's surface and acts as its primary reservoir of heat and carbon, absorbing over 90% of the surplus heat and about 30% of the carbon dioxide associated with human activities, and receiving close to 100% of fresh water lost from land ice. With the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, notably carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion, the Earth's climate is now changing more rapidly than at any time since the advent of human societies. Society will increasingly face complex decisions about how to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change such as droughts, sea-level rise, ocean acidification, species loss, changes to growing seasons, and stronger and possibly more frequent storms. Observations play a foundational role in documenting the state and variability of components of the climate system and facilitating climate prediction and scenario development. Regular and consistent collection of ocean observations over decades to centuries would monitor the Earth's main reservoirs of heat, carbon dioxide, and water and provides a critical record of long-term change and variability over multiple time scales. Sustained high-quality observations are also needed to test and improve climate models, which provide insights into the future climate system. Sustaining Ocean Observations to Understand Future Changes in Earth's Climate considers processes for identifying priority ocean observations that will improve understanding of the Earth's climate processes, and the challenges associated with sustaining these observations over long timeframes.

Oceanography is a component of Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. These volumes deal with the oceans as an integrated dynamic system, characterized by a delicate, complex system of interactions among the biota, the ocean boundaries with the solid earth and the atmosphere. This set of volumes is designed to be a very authoritative reference for state-of-the-art knowledge on the various aspects such as: Physical Oceanography, Chemistry of the oceans, Biological Oceanography, Geological oceanography, Coral Reefs as a Life Supporting System, Human Uses of the Oceans, Ocean Engineering, and Modeling the Ocean System from a Sustainable Development perspective. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.

This book showcases and compares grassroots environmental education initiatives and actions in Millburn, New Jersey in the USA, and Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh in India. Across the two towns the collective actions discussed include the Fridays For Future strikes, activism through school's 'green team', plastic clean-up missions, conducting workshops, conferences, and organizing green fairs. The authors discuss a range of concepts and ideas that have a broader relevance to local and global environmental education such as global citizenship, climate activism, national and municipal policies, gender, and ecofeminism. They show how the stories of the two towns are connected with sustainable development goals and education for sustainable development. Ultimately the book shows how education can be used as a tool to promote climate change solutions and how this can benefit schools, communities and the planet. The book includes a Foreword written by Ruth DeFries, University Denning Professor of Sustainable Development at Columbia University, USA.