J. IIONEYMAN The second textile and clothing research and development programme (1982-1985) supported by the EEC was undertaken with the prime objective of strengthening the competitiveness of the Community textile industries by stimulating innovation. From the generation of the research ideas through to the application of new technologies, the optimum conditions for scientific research demand highly trained and qualified people working in well-equipped laboratories. The Commission, in collaboration with the textile industries working through Comitextil, participated in the selection of suitable topics and supported the implementation of the programme and the publication and dissemination of the results. In all, 24 institutes in seven member countries carried out the programme which was divided into 35 separate but co-ordinated contracts. The costs were shared equally between the Commission and the participat ing institutes. The results were presented by selected specialists at the closing symposium held in Luxembourg on the 18 and 19 September 1985. The technical sessions covered the four topics : garment physiology and construction, quality of knitted fabrics and articles, application of new spinning technologies in the wool industry, and the upgrading of linen. In addition, prominent industrialists and Commission officials presented papers concerned with the present situation and the prospects for textile manufacture in the Community. Possible future research topics were outlined and the need was stressed for an increase in the amount of research and development to be carried out.

Textile chemical processing today, particularly the pre-treatment processes require a highly sophisticated technology and engineering to achieve the well known concepts of "Right first time, Right everytime and Right on time" processing and production. Chemical pre-treatment may be broadly defined as a procedure mainly concerned with the removal of natural as well as added impurities in fabric to a level necessary for good whiteness and absorbency by utilising minimum time, energy and chemicals as well as water. This book discusses the fundamental aspects of chemistry, chemical technology and machineries involved in the various pre-treatment process of textiles before subsequent dyeing, printing and finishing. With the introduction of newer fibres, specialty chemicals, improved technology and sophisticated machineries developed during the last decade, this book fills a gap in this area of technology. However, its real strength is its clear perception of ample background description, which will enable readers to understand most current journals, thus staying abreast of the latest advances in the field.

Cold weather can be a potential hazard to human health, adversely affecting physiological functions, work performance and wellbeing. Designing suitable apparel for cold environments is therefore a complex task. Textiles for cold weather apparel reviews the principles, materials and requirements of cold weather apparel and will stimulate ideas for future innovation and improved end performance.The first part of the book covers the fundamental scientific issues and types of materials suitable for cold weather clothing. Topics include how to achieve comfort and thermoregulation in cold weather clothing as well as the use of coated and laminated fabrics. It also discusses design and ergonomic aspects such as designing for ventilation. Part two discusses ways of evaluating cold weather clothing, including standards and legislation governing cold weather clothing and laboratory assessments. Part three concludes with applications including cold weather apparel for the military and footwear for cold weather conditions.With an array of international contributors, this book is a valuable reference for producers, manufacturers, retailers and all those wishing to improve and understand developments in cold weather apparel. - Reviews the principles, materials and requirements of cold weather apparel - Discusses design and ergonomic aspects including ventilation and insulation - Examines methods used to evaluate cold weather clothing as well as standards and legislation in practice