This project report is a part of the NMR KOL project Nordic Policy Cluster for F-gases with the purpose of comparing the Nordic countries’ methodologies and regulations related to the use of F-gases.Fluorinated gases (F-gases, including HFCs, PFCs, SF6 and NF3) are a range of potent greenhouse gases that are used in a number of different applications and products for refrigeration, foams, aerosols, and technical installations.The report contains a survey and an overview of F-gas methodologies used for UNFCCC reporting, as well as an account of emissions and regulations in the Nordic countries.The objective with the analysis was to provide an overview of differences and similarities within the Nordic countries in relation to F-gases. The analysis shall enable harmonization of data collection, emission factors, choice of methods, and regulatory instruments.

The aim of this book is to link demand and supply of environmental information in the field of Life Cycle Management. The book is based on the results of the CHAINET concerted action financed by EU-DGXII for the work period 1998-2000, and is intended to build bridges between the different scientific communities in the field of Life Cycle Management. A structured approach is followed, meaning that both demand and supply of environmental information are characterised, after which the two are linked.

The Nordic region attracts an increasing level of significant investments in new data centres. This seems to be no coincidence as the Nordics scores comparatively higher on factors such as "Reliable power supply", "Low energy prices", "Political stability", "Faster time-to-market" and "Abundance of energy and other resources" compared to more traditional European data centre regions. All factors that are deemed most important by data centre investors. This report estimates that the Nordics by 2025 could attract annual data centre construction investments in the order of EUR 2-4.3 bn. by 2025. This is based on the forecast of the future demand worldwide for data centre services – as well as the strong value proposition of the Nordic countries towards large datacenter investments.

This title was first published in 2003. Our cherished economic indicators of income, product, consumption and capital fail in taking a long-term view of social progress. They do not account for environmental deterioration, which impairs the quality of life of present and future generations, and hence the sustainability of development. "Greening" the conventional national (and corporate) accounts introduces environmental impacts and costs into these accounts and balances. The result is a new compass for steering the economy towards sustainability, which may change not only our main measures of economic performance but also the basic tenets of environmental and resource policies. This book presents methodological advances and case studies of environmental accounting, and discusses their use in environmental management and policies. In their introduction, the editors provide a critical perspective of historical developments and current debates.

As more and more companies enter the global business arena, it is critical that they acquire relevant information specific to their industry and the country that they wish to enter. This book explains how to perform accurate, timely, and appropriate research to make informed strategic decisions. The chapters of "International Business Research" follow the overall research process - defining the research problem, explanation of research methodologies, data analysis, report writing and dissemination. The book presents methodologies for most functional areas and can be used as a research tool for the broad international business field. It includes in-chapter learning objectives, exercises, summaries, boxed inserts, and a detailed glossary. In addition, a sample data disk is bound into each copy of the book.

The level of research activity in the highway sector as a whole has declined precipitously in recent decades, whilst the challenges facing US state highway agencies have escalated. As a result, a Strategic Highway Research Program - SHRP) was initiated to establish collaboration with research bodies tackling similar highway problems in countries worldwide. This collection of reports from around the world presents SHRP`s progress towards providing research-based new products from which the international highway engineering community may benefit. SHRP concentrates on six high-priority research areas: asphaltic materials; pavement performance; cement and concrete; maintenance cost effectiveness; concrete bridge component protection systems and the chemical control of snow and ice.