This volume contains selected papers presented at the seventeenth Colloquiumon Trees in Algebra and Programming (CAAP) held jointly with the European Symposium on Programming (ESOP) in Rennes, France, February 26-28, 1992 (the proceedings of ESOP appear in LNCS 582). The previous colloquia were held in France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Denmark and England. Every even year, as in 1992, CAAP is held jointly with ESOP; every other year, it is part of TAPSOFT (Theory And Practice of SOFTware development). In the beginning, CAAP was devoted to algebraic and combinatorial properties of trees and their role in various fields of computer science. The scope of CAAP has now been extended to other discrete structures, like graphs, equations and transformations of graphs, and their links with logical theories. The programme committee received 40 submissions, from which 19 papers have been selected for inclusion inthis volume.

A detailed chronology of the early, pre-Internet years of online information systems and services. Every field of history has a basic need for a detailed chronology of what happened: who did what when. In the absence of such a resource, fanciful accounts flourish. This book provides a rich narrative of the early development of online information retrieval systems and services, from 1963 to 1976—a period important to anyone who uses a search engine, online catalog, or large database. Drawing on personal experience, extensive research, and interviews with many of the key participants, the book describes the individuals, projects, and institutions of the period. It also corrects many common errors and misconceptions and provides milestones for many of the significant developments in online systems and technology.

Computer vision is the science and technology of making machines that see. It is concerned with the theory, design and implementation of algorithms that can automatically process visual data to recognize objects, track and recover their shape and spatial layout. The International Computer Vision Summer School - ICVSS was established in 2007 to provide both an objective and clear overview and an in-depth analysis of the state-of-the-art research in Computer Vision. The courses are delivered by world renowned experts in the field, from both academia and industry, and cover both theoretical and practical aspects of real Computer Vision problems. The school is organized every year by University of Cambridge (Computer Vision and Robotics Group) and University of Catania (Image Processing Lab). Different topics are covered each year. A summary of the past Computer Vision Summer Schools can be found at: http://www.dmi.unict.it/icvss This edited volume contains a selection of articles covering some of the talks and tutorials held during the first two editions of the school on topics such as Recognition, Registration and Reconstruction. The chapters provide an in-depth overview of these challenging areas with key references to the existing literature.

Keeping up with constant changes and innovations puts a lot of pressure on information providers and users to continuously upgrade their knowledge and skill. This change means being flexible enough to recognize that the knowledge you receive today must be constantly updated. This book will provide readers with the latest research findings and managerial experiences on a variety of technological innovations of IT.

The advancement of information and communication technologies (ICT) has enabled broad use of ICT and facilitated the use of ICT in the private and personal domain. ICT-related industries are directing their business targets to home applications. Among these applications, entertainment will differentiate ICT applications in the private and personal market from the of?ce. Comprehensive research and development on ICT - plications for entertainment will be different for the promotion of ICT use in the home and other places for leisure. So far engineering research and development on enterta- ment has never been really established in the academic communities. On the other hand entertainment-related industries such as the video and computer game industries have been growing rapidly in the last 10 years, and today the entertainment computing bu- ness outperforms the turnover of the movie industry. Entertainment robots are drawing theattentionofyoungpeople. TheeventcalledRoboCuphasbeenincreasingthenumber of participants year by year. Entertainment technologies cover a broad range of pr- ucts and services: movies, music, TV (including upcoming interactive TV), VCR, VoD (including music on demand), computer games, game consoles, video arcades, g- bling machines, the Internet (e. g. , chat rooms, board and card games, MUD), intelligent toys, edutainment, simulations, sport, theme parks, virtual reality, and upcoming service robots. The?eldofentertainmentcomputingfocusesonusers’growinguseofentertainment technologies at work, in school and at home, and the impact of this technology on their behavior. Nearly every working and living place has computers, and over two-thirds of childreninindustrializedcountrieshavecomputersintheirhomesaswell.

This publication presents a collection of the policy-oriented empirical studies and stakeholders' views designed to show how patent regimes can contribute more efficiently to innovation and economic performance.