Freshwater is a finite resource and is being deteriorated directly and indirectly by anthropogenic pressures. Preserving the quality and availability of freshwater resources is becoming one of the most pressing environmental challenges on the international horizon. To ensure the preservation as well as availability of freshwater resources, there is a need to understand the ecology of the freshwater systems, pollution problems, their impacts, restoration techniques to be opted and the conservation measures. In this backdrop the present book on ‘Freshwater Pollution Dynamics and Remediation’ has been compiled. The book provides an understanding about the present state of art, pollution impacts including the changes in the environmental quality as well as the shift in the aquatic biological communities of the fragile freshwater ecosystems. Besides, the impact of deteriorating quality of the freshwater ecosystems on the animal and human health is also discussed in detail. This book provides a comprehensive account of the techniques based on updated research in biotechnology, bio-remediation, phyto-remediation and nano-bioremediation. The role of biosorpers and biofilms as a remediation tool has also been detailed. The book is a ready reference for researchers, scientists and educators who are involved in the freshwater pollution, remediation and management studies. The book editors with an expertise in diverse research fields in freshwater ecosystems have congregated the most inclusive research accounts on the freshwater pollution and remediation and thus developed a repository of diverse knowledge on the subject

This contributed volume deals with the various aspects of freshwater microbiology including diverse habitats, associated microorganisms, their ecological interactions, and industrial applications. Freshwater ecosystems are dynamic natural resources, providing sources of potable water, food, animal habitats, and recreation. Perspectives of microbial dynamics in freshwater bodies, covered in this title, provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of microbial ecology in these ecosystems. These microbes are at the hub of biogeochemical cycles (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other elements). Moreover, they are an integral part of the aquatic food web and control the quality of freshwater bodies. Chapters in this title also discuss the issue of pollution in freshwater bodies and put forward available strategies for eco-friendly solutions. The book is a perfect documentation of primary and secondary data-based information on the latest research findings, case studies, experiences, and innovations in the field of freshwater microbiology. The book is of great use to students, researchers, and professionals studying aquatic sciences.

"More than two-thirds of the earth is covered with aquatic habitats that play a key role in stabilizing the global environment and providing a wide variety of services to increasing human needs. Nevertheless, anthropogenic activities are rapidly destroying the quality of both fresh and marine waters over the globe due to excessive use of chemicals and fertilizers, and pollution from suburban and industrial areas eventually make their way into the aquatic world. To preserve the integrity of aquatic environs is the greatest challenge in the current era because more than 80 per cent of urban wastewater, millions of tons of heavy metals chemical, toxic sludge and other waste are being directly discharged into inland waters. There are many reports that bacteria and plant species are using biodegradation and bioremediation strategies. The potential drivers of the commercial use of biological resources are yet to be explored as there are issues involved with technological facilitation and it's need for large investment funds, so there is a need to explore better training and development of more eco-friendly biological resources. After global investigation, the use of biological remediation technologies to deal with environmental problems should become standard practice, even though respondents are striving to apply bioremediation techniques. As microorganisms have evolved different survival strategies in heavier metal-polluted conditions such as biosorption, bioaccumulation or biomineralisation, which are either ex situ or in situ exploitation, these organisms are known to evolve and introduce specific detoxification mechanisms. The use of microbes as a time-saver for bioremediation was a result of the complexities involved in conventional soil regeneration methods. There are so many fungal species (like genera Penicillium, Aspergillus and Rhizopus) which has been identified as potential microbial agents for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions but due to toxicity of chemical or heavy metals, it is difficult to maintain a healthy population of microorganisms hence high throughput genetic engineering tools and techniques need to be employed to attain resistant strains to degrade xenobiotic compounds. A novel technology for obtaining highly efficient biosorbents from endophytes, a hyperaccumulator, which is more convenient than the traditional method of obtaining biosorbents. Genomics, for instance in GMO plants, have been studied and used primarily in microbial genetics, but it is now a new instrument for bioremediation. Knowledge of genomics in the sense of understanding microbiological remediation provides a view of genes linked to microbial exposure to soil toxic metals. The use of genomics in bioremediation enables microorganisms to be analyzed on the basis both of biochemical and mechanism-related molecular levels."--

The dependence of present farming on artificial input of “chemical fertilizers” has caused numerous ecological tribulations associated with global warming and soil contamination. Moreover, there is an essential requirement for realistic agricultural practices on a comprehensive level. Accordingly, biofertilizers including microbes have been recommended as feasible environmentally sound solutions for agricultural practices which not only are natural, and cost-effective but also preserve soil environs and important biota of agricultural land. In addition, it enhances the nutrient quantity of soils organically. Microbial biofertilizers promote plant growth by escalating proficient absorption of nutrients for the plants and by providing an excellent disease-fighting mechanism.Agriculture, the backbone of human sustenance, has been put under tremendous pressure by the ever-increasing human population. Although various modern agro-techniques boosted agricultural production, the excessive use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides have proven extremely detrimental to agriculture as well as to the environment in which it is carried out. Besides this some faulty agricultural practices like monoculture and defective irrigation, further complicate the scenario by eliminating biodiversity, increasing the efflux of nutrients into the water bodies, the formation of algal blooms, eutrophication, damaging the water quality and lowering fish stocks. Biofertilizers are the organic compounds applied to crops for their sustainable growth and the sustainability of the environment as the microbiota associated with biofertilizers interact with the soil, roots and seeds to enhance soil fertility. Application of biofertilizers results in the increased mineral and water uptake, root development, vegetative growth and nitrogen fixation besides liberating growth-promoting substances and minerals that help the maintenance of soil fertility. They further act as antagonists and play a pivotal role in neutralising soil-borne plant pathogens and thus, help in the bio-control of diseases. Application of biofertilizers instead of synthetic fertilizers could be a promising technique to raise agricultural productivity without degrading environmental quality. The present book focuses on the latest research approaches and updates from the microbiota and their applications in the agriculture industry. We believe this book addresses various challenges and shed lights on the possible future of the sustainable agricultural system.

Green Solvents for Environmental Remediation provides an in-depth overview of environmental remediation by using eutectic solvents, ionic liquids, biosolvents, and switchable solvents, of ionic-liquids, biosolvents, Gas-expanded solvents Liquid polymers, supercritical fluids, Polymer-based green solvents, Switchable solvents, etc. This book offers all-types of green solvents for the removal of contaminations from the soil, air, and water. It summarizes in-depth literature on the application of various green solvents in the areas such as municipal water, extraction, bioremediation, phytoremediation, soil and sediment remediation, toxic gases removal, and various industrial effluents. A brief introduction, limitations, and advantages to the practical use of green solvents are also discussed. This book is authored by experts in a broad range of fields. It is an invaluable reference guide for the sustainable and environmentally friendly development of synthetic methodologies for environmental, analytical, engineering, and industrial technology. - Provides an up-to-date research record on green solvents for environmental protection - Includes latest advances in environmental remediation - Outlines eco-friendly green solvents for toxic contaminants degradation and purification - Covers all-types of green solvent-driven environmental remediation technologies - Key references to obtain great results in environmental remediation using green solvents

This book addresses the grave concerns stemming out due to conventional treatment techniques. The main focus of this book revolves round the central kernel of novel technology (bioremediation and biotechnology) which has emerged as an independent warrior to clean up and restore the disturbed environs. Furthermore, this book is a coherent assortment of diverse chapters relevant to the role of biotechnology and bioremediation for restoration of the ecosystems degraded by pesticide and heavy metal pollution. The inaugural chapters deal with the quantification of problem and its magnitude due to pesticides and heavy metals, followed by innovative modern biotechnological and bioremediation treatment technologies and sustainable techniques to remediate the persistent pollutants. It is a detailed comprehensive account for the treatment technologies from unsustainable to sustainable. Academicians, researchers and students shall find it as a complete wrap up regarding biotechnological intervention for sustainable treatment of pollution and shall suffice for the diverse needs of teaching and research.

In arid and semi-arid regions, where water demand exceeds water availability, water security is becoming a significant concern not only related to water availability but also to rigorous and costly requirements to remove conventional and emerging contaminants from effluents discharging into drinking water sources or as water reuse becomes an alternate water supply for communities in these regions. Water and wastewater treatment demands a great amount of energy and resources, highlighting the need for novel applications of the circular economy concept. Circular Economy Applications for Water Security examines knowledge gaps, avenues of future research, and challenges related to the potential of enhanced underutilized/waste materials as a transition to circular economy applications for ensuring the proper quality of water. This book includes fundamental information and practical examples that helps to better understand the concepts included. The circular economy concept is helpful to incept sustainability in the water treatment processes. Every chapter includes the identification of knowledge gaps, avenues for further research, and challenges that guide readers towards real state-of-the-art analysis. Contributors are experts in their areas and will commit to explaining concepts in a user-friendly way without missing scientific rigor.

This book discusses the sources, mechanism, impact and abatement of pollution in waterbodies and lays a base foundation for further research. In this book, readers will also get acquainted with the methods of decontamination of lakes by phytoremediation, pesticide removal techniques from lakes, toxic site reclamation and environmental sustainability using microbial aspects associated with clean-up of wastes. Based on the issues related to pollution of aquatic environments, the subject matter of this book includes: Nanoplastic Pollutants Affecting Fisheries Sector All Over the World Freshwater Floral Diversities as Pollution Indicators Radioactive Waste: Sources and Impact on Environment Environmental Sustainability Using Microbial Aspects Associated With Clearing Up Waste Nitrates and Phosphates: Boon or Bane for Waterbodies Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bhutan)

This new volume examines the ecological importance, threats, protection, and management of the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems, such as lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, reservoirs, pools, and wetlands. As populations have been increasing exponentially, humans are using freshwater ecosystems severely, resulting in habitat destruction and breakdown. Environmental contamination, climate change, the introduction of harmful and invasive organisms, unplanned dredging and de-weeding processes, disposal of sewer systems in freshwater bodies, and badly planned water diversions are the leading causes of habitat loss in freshwaters. These impacts have led to significant decreases in the numbers and productivity of many freshwater species and decreased biodiversity in freshwater. This book presents a selection of primary research and review papers on several freshwater aquatic biodiversity studies, which involve evaluating plants, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, benthic zones, and fish diversity in freshwater ecosystems. It provides an abundance of new information on freshwater biodiversity distribution, status, and patterns. Key features: Discusses the importance, threats, and management of biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems Provides detailed coverage of modern and updated techniques used in the evaluation and conservation of freshwater biodiversity Looks at the impact of pesticides pollution on freshwater environs, and on aquatic and terrestrial life Reviews how global climate change affects freshwater biodiversity Biodiversity of Freshwater Ecosystems: Threats, Protection, and Management promotes the enhancement and strengthening of freshwater protection and its unique biodiversity for scientists, policymakers, scholars, researchers, NGOs, and the public, providing necessary background knowledge and practical tools to help manage aquatic ecosystems and their biodiversity in a holistic manner.

Phytoremediation Technology for the Removal of Heavy Metals and Other Contaminants from Soil and Water focuses on the exploitation of plants and their associated microbes as a tool to degrade/detoxify/stabilize toxic and hazardous contaminants and restore the contaminated site. The book introduces various phytoremediation technologies using an array of plants and their associated microbes for environmental cleanup and sustainable development. The book mainly focuses on the remediation of toxic and hazardous environmental contaminants, their phytoremediation mechanisms and strategies, advances and challenges in the current scenario. This book is intended to appeal to students, researchers, scientists and a wide range of professionals responsible for regulating, monitoring and designing industrial waste facilities. Engineering consultants, industrial waste managers and purchasing department managers, government regulators, and graduate students will also find this book invaluable. - Provides natural and eco-friendly solutions to deal with the problem of pollution - Details underlying mechanisms of phytoremediation of organic and inorganic contaminants with enzymatic roles - Describes numerous, successful field studies on the application of phytoremediation for eco-restoration of contaminated sites - Presents recent advances and challenges in phytoremediation research and applications for sustainable development - Provides authoritative contributions on the diverse aspects of phytoremediation by world leading experts