From Recipients to Donors examines the emergence, or re-emergence, of a large number of nations as partners and donors in international development, from global powers such as Brazil, China and India, to Gulf states such as Saudi Arabia, to former socialist states such as Poland and Russia. The impact of these countries in international development has grown sharply, and as a result they have become a subject of intense interest and analysis. This unique book explores the range of opportunities and challenges this phenomenon presents for poorer countries and for development policy, ideology and governance. Drawing on the author's rich original research, whilst expertly condensing published and unpublished material, From Recipients to Donors is an essential critical analysis and review for anyone interested in development, aid and international relations.

From Recipients to Donors examines the emergence, or re-emergence, of a large number of nations as partners and donors in international development, from global powers such as Brazil, China and India, to Gulf states such as Saudi Arabia, to former socialist states such as Poland and Russia. The impact of these countries in international development has grown sharply, and as a result they have become a subject of intense interest and analysis. This unique book explores the range of opportunities and challenges this phenomenon presents for poorer countries and for development policy, ideology and governance. Drawing on the author’s rich original research, whilst expertly condensing published and unpublished material, From Recipients to Donors is an essential critical analysis and review for anyone interested in development, aid and international relations.

In a book full of directly applicable lessons for policymakers, Haley J. Swedlund explores why foreign aid is delivered in different ways at different times, and why various approaches prove to be politically unsustainable. She finds that no aid-delivery mechanism has yet resolved commitment problems in the donor-recipient relationship; bargaining compromises break down and have to be renegotiated; frustration grows; new ways of delivering aid gain traction over existing practices; and the dance resumes. Swedlund draws on hundreds of interviews with key decision makers representing both donor agencies and recipient governments, policy and archival documents in Ghana, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda, and an original survey of top-level donor officials working across twenty countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. This wealth of data informs Swedlund’s analysis of fads and fashions in the delivery of foreign aid and the interaction between effectiveness and aid delivery. The central message of The Development Dance is that if we want to know whether an aid delivery mechanism is likely to be sustained over the long term, we need to look at whether it induces credible commitments from both donor agencies and recipient governments over the long term.

The dynamics of globalization and the speed of change have created greater complexity for Western missions. The Age of Global Giving provides accelerated learning for donors, church leaders, agency leaders, and mission workers. As a result, donors can achieve greater outcomes with deeper satisfaction in their giving and their voluntary work. Ministry workers can develop improved vision, values, and strategies that go further in creating sustainable impact and align with the donor values of today. It’s a new day in the relationship between donor and recipient, and it’s just in time because global mission is in dire need of this kind of cooperation.

Why do poor countries give aid to others? This book critically examines how aspirations for providing aid have coexisted with experiences of receiving aid and have transformed the practice of giving aid, with particular reference to the experiences of Japan and China. It highlights the historical sources that explain the pattern and strength of foreign aid that these new donors provide. The book has systematically examined the situation unique to middle income countries that are receiving and giving aid simultaneously. It sheds light on the endogenous elements embedded in the socio-economic conditions of emerging donors, as well as their learning process as aid recipients. This book examines not only the perspectives of recipients, but also those of donors: Japan in the case of China, and the USA and the World Bank in the case of Japan. By bringing in the donor’s perspective, we come to a holistic understanding of foreign aid as a product of interaction between the various agents involved. The book provides not only an in-depth case study of Japan from a historical perspective, but also stretches its scope to cover contemporary debates on "emerging donors," including China, India and Korea who have received substantial amount of aid from Japan in the past. This book connects the often separated discussion of Japanese aid and the way it developed in relation to outside forces. In short, this book represents the first attempt to empirically examine the "life of a donor" with a clear focus on the origins, struggles, and futures of non-western donors and their impact on established aid regime.

This paper analyzes the impact of donor fragmentation on the quality of government bureaucracy in aid-recipient nations. A formal model of a donor's decision to hire government administrators to manage donor-funded projects predicts that the number of administrators hired declines as the donor's share of other projects in the country increases, and as the donor's "altruism" (concern for the success of other donors' projects) increases. These hypotheses are supported by cross-country empirical tests using an index of bureaucratic quality available for aid-recipient nations over the 1982-2001 period. Declines in bureaucratic quality are associated with higher donor fragmentation (reflecting the presence of many donors, each with a small share of aid), and with smaller shares of aid coming from multilateral agencies, a proxy for donor "altruism." This paper--a product of Public Services, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to identify ways in which donors inadvertently undermine institutional development in aid recipient countries.

Why do poor countries give aid to others? This book critically examines how aspirations for providing aid have coexisted with experiences of receiving aid and have transformed the practice of giving aid, with particular reference to the experiences of Japan and China. It highlights the historical sources that explain the pattern and strength of foreign aid that these new donors provide. The book has systematically examined the situation unique to middle income countries that are receiving and giving aid simultaneously. It sheds light on the endogenous elements embedded in the socio-economic conditions of emerging donors, as well as their learning process as aid recipients. This book examines not only the perspectives of recipients, but also those of donors: Japan in the case of China, and the USA and the World Bank in the case of Japan. By bringing in the donor’s perspective, we come to a holistic understanding of foreign aid as a product of interaction between the various agents involved. The book provides not only an in-depth case study of Japan from a historical perspective, but also stretches its scope to cover contemporary debates on "emerging donors," including China, India and Korea who have received substantial amount of aid from Japan in the past. This book connects the often separated discussion of Japanese aid and the way it developed in relation to outside forces. In short, this book represents the first attempt to empirically examine the "life of a donor" with a clear focus on the origins, struggles, and futures of non-western donors and their impact on established aid regime.

The progress in HLA research achieved in the last decade has been extremely beneficial for understanding of the human genome structure, evolution of human beings and the association between HLA and complex related factors like immune responsiveness and patomechanism of some diseases. It was also found that some HLA specificities may bear a witness not only to a susceptibility to some diseases but also may reflect the ability of the host to mount immune responsiveness. All these achievements enabled successful clinical application of haematopoietic stem cells transplantation. Nowadays, it is apparent that the perfect matching at allele level of HLA specificities constitute the most important factor affecting surviving of patients transplanted from unrelated donors. This is also shown in this volume. To secure reliability of HLA typing , DNA techniques should be implemented and laboratories should comply with requirements expressed by European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI) and American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (ASHI). HLA typing is a complex procedure which should involve internal and external quality controls. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be the best example of introducing modern technologies and very active translation of basic research in the fields of genetics and cell biology into the clinic. Even more impressive is international collaboration in searching for the best possible donor wherever in the world it might be. More than 8 million donors are registered world-wide. There is an ongoing interest in improving the international co-operation in order to secure the best donors for recipients. These chapters are of special interest as the co-operation for donors selection for HSCT is an activity across the oceans.

This book uses simple algebra and statistical analysis to map and define possible solutions to a grave problem the world is facing today: the relationship between developed ("Have") countries that act as donors in giving international aid to developing ("Have-not") recipient countries. These societies have differences stemming from diverse cultural and religious histories that have led to moral, ethical and cognitive behavior in many recipient countries that is incomparably, irreversibly and increasingly heterogeneous from donor societies. The analysis proves that any donor-recipient co-operation that stresses human rights, government transparency, accountability and law enforcement capabilities in the recipient-together with virtually free immigration to any donor society-is counterproductive to the point of causing complete socioeconomic and political melt-down in both recipient and donor nations. A promising alternative solution to this "Doomsday Scenario" is developed.