Geospatial Analysis Applied to Mineral Exploration: Remote Sensing, GIS, Geochemical, and Geophysical Applications to Mineral Resources presents state-of-the-art approaches on recent remote sensing and GIS-based mineral prospectivity modeling for Earth scientists, researchers, mineral exploration communities and mining companies. This book will help readers solve high complexity issues in remote sensing data processing, geochemical data analysis, geophysical data analysis, and appropriate applications of GIS techniques for data fusion designed for mineral exploration purposes. It contains updated knowledge of remote sensing imagery, geochemistry, geophysics and geospatial techniques that can assist in delineating the signatures and patterns linked to deep-seated, covered, blind or buried mineral deposits. - Covers advances in remote sensing data processing algorithms and geochemical data analysis - Includes sections on geophysical data analysis and machine learning algorithms for mineral exploration - Introduces the suite of geo-spatial tools currently available for mineral exploration - Presents case studies to provide real-world examples of the theories covered

Geochemical Anomaly and Mineral Prospectivity Mapping in GIS documents and explains, in three parts, geochemical anomaly and mineral prospectivity mapping by using a geographic information system (GIS). Part I reviews and couples the concepts of (a) mapping geochemical anomalies and mineral prospectivity and (b) spatial data models, management and operations in a GIS. Part II demonstrates GIS-aided and GIS-based techniques for analysis of robust thresholds in mapping of geochemical anomalies. Part III explains GIS-aided and GIS-based techniques for spatial data analysis and geo-information sybthesis for conceptual and predictive modeling of mineral prospectivity. Because methods of geochemical anomaly mapping and mineral potential mapping are highly specialized yet diverse, the book explains only methods in which GIS plays an important role. The book avoids using language and functional organization of particular commercial GIS software, but explains, where necessary, GIS functionality and spatial data structures appropriate to problems in geochemical anomaly mapping and mineral potential mapping. Because GIS-based methods of spatial data analysis and spatial data integration are quantitative, which can be complicated to non-numerate readers, the book simplifies explanations of mathematical concepts and their applications so that the methods demonstrated would be useful to professional geoscientists, to mineral explorationists and to research students in fields that involve analysis and integration of maps or spatial datasets. The book provides adequate illustrations for more thorough explanation of the various concepts. - Explains GIS functionality and spatial data structures appropriate regardless of the particular GIS software in use - Simplifies explanation of mathematical concepts and application - Illustrated for more thorough explanation of concepts

The objective of spatial analysis techniques is to describe the patterns existing in spatial data and to establish, preferably quantitatively, the relationships between different geographic variables. The notion of spatial analysis in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment encompasses the idea of integrating spatial data and alphanumeric attributes and translating it into a series of functions related to selection and data search, on the one hand, and with modeling, on the other. There have been substantial advances in spatial analysis techniques in GIS, mainly in the form of more faithfully apprehending the relationships inherent to the geographic phenomenon, something that was proven impossible to do with non-spatial techniques. Nowadays, spatial analysis involves a set of techniques used to analyze and model variables with distribution in space and/or time. The new era of spatial analysis must also consider the possibilities of integrating artificial intelligence in simulation (geosimulation) processes in computerized environments (geocomputation) in close relationship with models developed in real situations. GIS have emerged as useful tools in geographic modeling processes, helping to answer questions about the time variability of the landscape structure, study the behavior of fire, predict areas of urban expansion, analyze propagation phenomena, model animal movement and behavior, and determine periods and areas of high risk of flooding, among other phenomena. GIS and Spatial Analysis is a critical book that provides different methodologies that combine the potential data (including Big Data) analysis with GIS applications. It gives readers a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art methods of spatial analysis, focusing both on the new philosophical and theoretical foundations for spatial analysis and on a flexible framework for analysis in the real world, for problems such as complexity and uncertainty.

Over the past decade, advances in sensor technology, processing algorithms, and computational capacity have taken remote sensing to a level where observations can be transformed into quantitative measurements, and the technology can be used in near real-time for mapping, monitoring and decision-making. For the third edition, this widely acclaimed book has been fully revised, enlarged and updated. It covers remote sensing in a wide range of optical, thermal, and microwave wavelengths and their host of geologic applications featuring sample applications from around the globe. In addition, it presents state-of-the-art content on emerging themes such as atmospheric interactions, spectroscopy, spectral indices, prospectivity modelling, and multi-sensor geodata integration. The subject matter is presented at a basic level, offering students an excellent introductory text on remote sensing. Further, the main part of the book will also be of great value to active researchers. Excerpt from the review of Remote Sensing Geology (2nd ed., 2003): International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 5 (2004) 239–240 “....Graduate students, research workers and professional earth scientists will use this book to their advantage and with pleasure; it is well-written, to the point and with an emphasis on understanding the principles underlying this wide spectre of technology in its application to the earth sciences. Remote sensing is a fascinating subject; so is geology. The author has fully succeeded in providing a fascinating book that combines them in a handy volume.” Jan J. Nossin

This Mining Environment Management Manual is developed for the benefit of the entire mining industry in the Country. The Manual has been designed in such a manner that it can be easily used by the engineers and environmentalists in the mining complexes in their efforts for the management of mining environment. The Manual presents the existing status and comprehensive overview of all the aspects of mining environment. Since environment is a developing subject the user of the Manual is suggested to, wherever necessary, consult the web-sites of MOEF and other concerned organizations for the latest status. The manual in nineteen chapters outlines the following for the benefit of the users. 1. Broad details of the mineral mining industry in the country. 2. Policies, legislation, standards and procedures for establishing and operating the mines covering an environmental overview of the national policies and the policies of the mining companies, mining and environmental legislations and standards, site selection, environmental clearance, forestry clearance, and the various formats to be filled or establishing and operating the mines. 3. Preparation of the environmental management plans (EMPs) of the mining projects. 4. Environmental monitoring. 5. Mining methods commonly used in the Indian coal and non-coal mineral industry. 6. Environmental impacts of mining on society, ecology, land, water regime and atmosphere. 7. Environmental impact assessment (EIA). 8. Environmental management measures required in mineral mining including the assessment of quality of life, development of R&R packages, development of surface and underground water bodies, replantation of trees, formation and management of soil and overburden dumps, environmental aspects of blasting, land reclamation and rehabilitation planning, mine fires, acid mine drainage, inundation, noise modeling, etc. 9. Mine closure comprising of legislative and social necessity of mine closure in the Indian context, mine closure planning for underground and opencast mines, and format for mine closure planning in project report. 10. Procedure for environmental performance auditing and evaluation. 11. Land acquisition and optimization of land requirement for mining and associated activities, and rehabilitation and resettlement. 12. Land use planning in mining areas. 13. Risk assessment and disaster management. 14. Environmental aspects of tailing storage. 15. Use of geographical information system in environmental management in mining areas. 16. Utilization of fly ash in mines. 17. Environmental economics. 18. Roles of executives in environmental management in mining areas. 19. Do's and don'ts in environmental management planning and implementation. The manual in simple English aims at to attract attention of one and all concerned with the management of mining environment. The manual will be useful to the following categories of the people in the mining complexes in the Country and Abroad. · Mine planners in planning and designing of the mining activities and integration of environmental management measures in the mining methods. · Mine operators in implementing the environmental management measures, monitoring and compliance of legislation. · Regulatory agencies and their executives in developing a better understanding of the mining environment related aspects and implementing the legislation. · Research workers in planning, designing, and undertaking research and development activities. · Educationists in imparting the knowledge and know-how to the participants in various academic and human resource development programs. · The Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in developing a better understanding of the mining environment and assisting the mineral industry in effective implementation of the environmental management efforts. · The people in the mining complexes in developing the understanding of various aspects of the management of mining environment. In addition the Manual will be an important addition to the knowledge base in the libraries of all the institutions and organizations associated with mining and environmental management. The user is advised to read the Manual carefully and understand the various topics discussed and then use their own wisdom and the suggestions made in the Manual in design, planning, implementation and monitoring of the mining activities. The legislative aspect of mining environmental management is dynamic and time to time changes are made in the Acts. Rules and Regulations by the Central and State Governments. The user is therefore advised to get abreast with the latest developments through the web-sites of the MOEF and the Central and State Pollution Control Boards and other regulatory agencies, e.g., DGMS, IBM, etc.

Timely and reliable information on natural resources, regarding their potential and limitations, is a prerequisite for sustainable development. Geospatial technologies offer immense potential in providing such information in a timely and cost-effective manner. Using orbital sensors data in conjunction with airborne and proximal sensors data to generate information on soils and agricultural resources, forests, mineral resources, fossil fuel, wetlands, water resources, and marine resources, this book focuses on the advancements in technologies applicable to managing these resources. It addresses global issues like climate change and land degradation neutrality and introduces spatial data infrastructure (SDI) as a mechanism for sharing geospatial data. This book also provides an in-depth discussion on drones, crowdsourcing, cloud computing, Internet of Things, machine learning, and their applications. FEATURES Contains a comprehensive resource on the latest developments in geospatial technologies and their use in monitoring natural resources, productivity mapping, and modeling Explains the geo-computation methods and online algorithm developments Includes clear guidance on how best to use geospatial data for various applications Discusses case studies from a variety of fields and current trends in the management of natural resources Provides future scenarios concerning platforms, sensors, data analysis, and interpretation techniques This book is written for remote sensing and GIS professionals in environmental institutions and government who are involved in natural resource management projects. Senior undergraduate and graduate-level students in Earth sciences, geography, or environmental management can also use this text for supplementary reading.