In at least seventy-one countries in the world, there are national laws that criminalize same-sex relationships between consenting adults. In at least nine countries around the globe, national laws target and criminalize transgender and gender non-conforming persons. In some jurisdictions, the penalty for identifying as a part of the LGBT community is death. The debate in jurisdictions where being an LGBT person is a crime is typically that same-sex sexual relationships are “unnatural.” In jurisdictions where anti-gay laws persist, the rights of LGBT persons are not considered as human rights, and the rationale for criminalizing same-sex sexual activity is that it is “immoral” and “sinful.” Global Perspectives on the LGBT Community and Non-Discrimination offers perspectives on the rights of sexual minorities and discrimination. In several countries, consensual sexual activity in private amongst adults of the same gender is still criminalized. This book seeks to examine the social, cultural, religious, and political issues that influence anti-gay laws in juxtaposition with the need to protect the rights of the LGBT community. Covering topics such as LGBT child adoption rights, minority stress, and freedom from discrimination, this premier reference source is a dynamic resource for sociologists, anthropologists, government officials, policymakers, lawmakers, human rights advocates, non-profit organizations, libraries, students and faculty of higher education, researchers, and academicians.

A level of decision making is concerned with deciding the organization’s objectives, resources, and policies. A significant problem at this decision-making level is predicting the organization’s future and its environment as well as matching the organization’s characteristics to that environment. This process generally involves technology and knowledge from the market and clients. In the current era, the implementation of marketing information systems supported with AI techniques is crucial to being a unique opportunity to leverage marketing strategies with cutting-edge technologies. Global Perspectives on the Strategic Role of Marketing Information Systems communicates the recent advances in marketing information systems. Covering topics such as digital entrepreneurship, international business, and micro and small enterprises, this premier reference source is a cutting-edge resource for marketers, entrepreneurs, business leaders and managers, IT managers, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Preservation and restoration techniques are essential in maintaining the integrity of historic artifacts, including textiles, and specifically, the materials of the textile industry in Egypt. The technologies, methods, and advancements in preserving these ancient artifacts are growing areas of research and important factors in increasing knowledge of the conservation process. By offering and increasing the knowledge field with practical applications of preservation and restoration techniques both old and new, the industry will continue to advance. Preservation and Restoration Techniques for Ancient Egyptian Textiles provides critical research on the history, technology, and materials of the textile industry in Egypt through the ages. It includes the integration of scientific examinations and digital precise documentation in the preservation of Ancient Egyptian textiles, the deterioration aspects and their effect on historical textiles and novelty preservation methods, and the preventive conservation of historical textiles in museums. The book deals with the restoration methods of historical textiles such as documentation; various cleaning processes; fixing, supporting, display, and storage methods; as well as incorporating modern science techniques such as nanoscience, enzymes, plasma, lasers, and more. It is essential for historians and archeologists, conservators, specialists in art history, museum specialists, restoration professionals, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in the latest conservation and restoration techniques specifically focused on ancient Egyptian textiles.

In recent years, the growing disparities between rural and urban areas in developing countries have been a cause of major concern. The rural-urban gap remains the single most well-documented development and welfare disparity in the developing world. This gap can be seen in the low economic activities, higher poverty levels, and lower quality infrastructure and services in rural areas as opposed to urban areas. While the magnitude of this rural-urban divide is well-documented, very little has been documented about its impact on inclusive and sustainable urban development. The Handbook of Research on Managing the Urban-Rural Divide Through an Inclusive Framework aims to capture the spatial and socio-economic divide between rural and urban areas and provides a road map to revamping the discussion that surrounds the urban-rural sphere. Covering key topics such as development, food security, and rural regions, this premier reference source is ideal for policymakers, government officials, industry professionals, researchers, academicians, practitioners, scholars, instructors, and students.

Ethnography in the digital age presents new methods for research. It encourages scientists to think about how we live and study in a digital, material, and sensory world. Digital ethnography considers the impact of digital media on the methods and processes by which we perform ethnography and how the digital, methodological, practical, and theoretical aspects of ethnographic research are becoming increasingly interwoven. This planet does not exist in a static state; as technology grows and shifts, we must learn how to appropriately analyze these changes. Practices, Challenges, and Prospects of Digital Ethnography as a Multidisciplinary Method examines the pervasiveness of digital media in digital ethnography’s setting and practice. It investigates how digital settings, techniques, and procedures are reshaping ethnographic practice and explores the ethnographic-theoretical interactions through which “old” opinions are influenced by digital ethnography practice, going beyond merely transferring conventional concepts and techniques into digital research settings. Covering topics such as data triangulation, indigenous living systems, and digital technology, this premier reference source is an essential resource for libraries, students, teachers, sociologists, anthropologists, social workers, historians, political scientists, geographers, public health officials, archivists, government officials, researchers, and academicians.

Unstable social climates are causing the displacement of large numbers of people around the world. Thus, the issue of safe replacement arises causing the need for new policies and strategies regarding immigration. Global Perspectives on Human Migration, Asylum, and Security is a timely reference source for the latest research on the challenges, risks, and policies of current relocation and refugee flows, as well as address security problems in relation to these aspects of immigration. Featuring coverage on a wide variety of topics and perspectives such as terrorism, racism, and human rights, this publication is ideally designed for academicians, policy makers, researchers, and practitioners seeking current research on the current societal happenings of refugee integration around the world.

This book provides a comparative, neo-institutionalist approach to the different factors impacting state adoption of—or refusal to adopt—same-sex marriage laws. The now twenty-one countries where lesbians and gay men can legally marry include recent or longstanding democracies, republics and parliamentary monarchies, and unitary and federal states. They all reflect different positions with respect to religion and the cultural foundations of the nation. Countries opposed to such legalization, and those having taken measures in recent years to legally reinforce the heterosexual fundaments of marriage, present a similar diversity. This diversity, in a globalized context where the idea of same-sex marriage has become integral to claims for LGBTI equality and indeed LGBTI human rights, gives rise to the following question: which factors contribute to institutionalizing same-sex marriage? The analytical framework used for exploring these factors in this book is neo-institutionalism. Through three neo-institutionalist lenses—historical, sociological and discursive—contributors investigate two aspects of the processes of adoption or opposition of equal recognition of same-sex partnerships. Firstly, they reveal how claims by LGBTIQ movements are being framed politically and brought to parliamentary politics. Secondly, they explore the ways in which same-sex marriage becomes institutionalized (or resisted) through legal and societal norms and practices. Although it adopts neo-institutionalism as its main theoretical framework, the book incorporates a broad range of perspectives, including scholarship on social movements, LGBTI rights, heterosexuality and social norms, and gender and politics.

Over the last decade workforce diversity has attracted much scientific attention. Given the shortage of literature on issues related to homosexual, bisexual and transgender employees, compared to other facets of workforce diversity, this book opens up new perspectives on this issue. Emphasis is placed on the equal consideration of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender issues. Thus the predominance of lesbian and gay issues in LGBT research (and practice), will be contrasted by an explicit consideration of the unique experiences, stressors and related needs of bisexual and transgender employees. Contributions provide deeper insights into the differing experiences the whole spectrum of LGBT employees make in the workplace in different national and occupational contexts. Furthermore, the collection offers contextualized insights for evaluating and conceptualizing organizational initiatives aiming at a higher level of inclusion for LGBT employees.

International Perspectives in Music Therapy Education and Training: Adapting to a Changing World, the first anthology of its kind, edited by Professor Karen Goodman, brings noted educators from Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, India, Ireland, Israel, Korea, Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States together to speak to the challenge to adapt in ways, both small and large, that affect music therapy education and training. Divided into three parts, chapters interrelate to consider program design, multicultural identity and the ongoing and emerging needs of a discipline. The book is an unparalleled resource for academic advisors, prospective and current educators, clinical supervisors, clinicians and students of music therapy.

Zusammenfassung: This edited volume examines the adolescent period across multiple cultural settings, and in a range of contemporary contexts (e.g., rural-vs-urban, political unrest/war, rapid globalization). It employs a multi-disciplinary lens, while addressing traditional issues (e.g., identity development) and recently emergent ones (e.g., social media). It contains four main sections: 1) adolescence and families in contexts with rapidly shifting societies/norms, 2) adolescence and families in the context of socio-political crisis and upheaval, 3) adolescence and families in the context of individual stress and strain, and 4) adolescent Identity development in the family and in transition to adulthood. Contributors to this volume are leading scholars from a range of disciplines (e.g., anthropology, psychology, family science) and thus explore adolescence from multiple perspectives. Cross-cutting themes include how the broader socio-ecological background and "ecocultural niche" shape various dimensions of adolescence, how the role of the family is redefined in these various contexts and circumstances, and how adolescent resilience and family strengths are formed across a broad range of settings. Throughout, this volume highlights the continued centrality of family in the development and well-being of adolescents across the globe. This is an essential resource for practitioners and researchers who treat and study adolescents