Presents an international perspective and cross-country comparison on manufacturing during the years 1970-2000. Develops a model concerning three sub-sectors: capital goods, consumer goods produced in factories, and in small-scale and cottage industries. Reflects on to the role of the State in overcoming rigidities.

Surinder Kumar Goyal, b. 1933, Indian industrial economist; papers presented at the National Conference on Industrial Development and Economic Policy Issues, held at New Delhi during 27-28 June 2008.

India's increased exposure to world markets and relaxation of domestic controls has given a spurt to the GDP growth rate, but its impact on poverty, inequality and employment have been controversial. This book examines these aspects of the post-reform scene, discerning the changes in trends which the new developments have created.

The book presents a comprehensive study of the impact of policy reforms on output, employment, and productivity growth across sectors of India since 1991. It showcases varied responses from different sectors as they faced different degrees of policy interventions, and challenges or opportunities as regards markets, technology, and availability of skills and other complementary resources. The book also discusses the contributions of the service sector on India’s GDP and employment. The book throws light on the phenomena of rising inequality and persistent poverty which continues to shadow and be a hallmark of post-reform India, despite high economic growth. It underlines the failure of these reforms to bring about major change in social and economic organizations and institutions. The book’s contents stress on the criticality of addressing these issues as they have a serious potential of jeopardizing the country’s ability to maintain high growth momentum. With these pertinent topics, the book would be of interest not only to the research community, but also to policy makers and practitioners of various sectors addressed here.

This book presents a set of analytical and deeply policy-oriented articles on the dynamics of growth and performance of micro and small enterprises in India during the period of reforms. It provides fairly detailed analyses of policy changes for the micro and small enterprises secotr as well as empirical analyses of performance and efficiency of the unorganised manufacturing sector. it examines a range of emerging and persistent complex issues facing this crucial sector including credit, exports, trade regulations, capacity building, subcontracting, clustering, entrepreneurship and rural industrialisation. Focusing on the constraints facing this sector even during the economic reforms, most of the articles analyse how and why special attention, particularly by the state, needs to be paid towards enhancing firm competitiveness. Broad-basing the benefits of policy interventions to the overwhelmingly present yet left out micro enterprises, including rural areas, forms an important concern. This volume attempts to critically examine critical areas of intervention that could open up possibilities of developing a strong micro and small enterprises sector in India.

This book reviews employment conditions in Asian countries. This is the hub of the strongest growth area in the world economy and while attention has focussed on job growth and industrial transformation, there has been very little attention on employment characteristics and employment conditions. In particular, the book addresses the issue of whether globalisation, taken to mean the growing international integration of economies, is a factor that leads to a convergence of employment conditions, and more importantly, an improvement in employment conditions. The book brings together contributions on many Asian economies where these core questions are considered at both the macro level and for specified industries. - Addresses fundamental questions regarding growth, globalisation and working conditions - Includes analysis of West, East and North Asian countries - Includes an overview chapter from researchers from the ILO

This volume comprehensively captures trends in productivity and its determinants in the post-reform period for Indian manufacturing. It provides an up-to-date survey of different methods employed in measuring productivity and their applications across organized and unorganized sectors, including food, beverages, furniture, gems, chemicals, petroleum and rubber, metals and minerals, paper products, publishing, textiles, etc. The essays examine the uneven impact of economic reforms and growth on the performance of the manufacturing sector. This will be especially useful to students and scholars of economics, business and management, policymakers and governmental agencies, particularly those interested in Indian economy and manufacturing.

1.1 Production: Cost of production is the deciding factor for supply which depends upon prices of raw materials and its physical relation between input and output. It is the physical relation between input and output which determines the cost of production. Production represents functional relationship between quantities of inputs and amount of output produced. Production is an economic activity. Production is used for an activity of making some material. In economics, production is used in a wider sense. 1.2 Importance of Production: Price theory plays an important role in the theory of production. This provides a base for analysis of relationship between costs and amounts of output. Cost along with demand and supply of a product determine the price of a product. Cost of production is determined by the prices of inputs of production and thereby the price of product. Secondly, the basis of theory of firm demand for factors of production is theory of production. The theory of production plays a pivotal role in theory of firm. The theory of firm deals with the level of output whichwill produce in turn the maximum profits. The firm’s marginal and average costs of production decide the profits maximizing output besides the demand conditions. In addition to the prices of inputs, the changes in marginal and average costs of production as a result of increase in output are determined by the physical relationship between inputs and output.

A text book on Geography