An updated overview of the rapidly developing field of green techniques for organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry Green chemistry remains a high priority in modern organic synthesis and pharmaceutical R&D, with important environmental and economic implications. This book presents comprehensive coverage of green chemistry techniques for organic and medicinal chemistry applications, summarizing the available new technologies, analyzing each technique’s features and green chemistry characteristics, and providing examples to demonstrate applications for green organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. The extensively revised edition of Green Techniques for Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry includes 7 entirely new chapters on topics including green chemistry and innovation, green chemistry metrics, green chemistry and biological drugs, and the business case for green chemistry in the generic pharmaceutical industry. It is divided into 4 parts. The first part introduces readers to the concepts of green chemistry and green engineering, global environmental regulations, green analytical chemistry, green solvents, and green chemistry metrics. The other three sections cover green catalysis, green synthetic techniques, and green techniques and strategies in the pharmaceutical industry. Includes more than 30% new and updated material—plus seven brand new chapters Edited by highly regarded experts in the field (Berkeley Cue is one of the fathers of Green Chemistry in Pharma) with backgrounds in academia and industry Brings together a team of international authors from academia, industry, government agencies, and consultancies (including John Warner, one of the founders of the field of Green Chemistry) Green Techniques for Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry, Second Edition is an essential resource on green chemistry technologies for academic researchers, R&D professionals, and students working in organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry.

Green chemistry is a new way of looking at organic synthesis and the design of drug molecules, offering important environmental and economic advantages over traditional synthetic processes. Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly turning to the principles of green chemistry in an effort to reduce waste, reduce costs and develop environmentally benign processes. Green Techniques for Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry presents an overview of the established and emerging techniques in green organic chemistry, highlighting their applications in medicinal chemistry. The book is divided into four parts: Introduction: Introduces the reader to the toxicology of organic chemicals,their environmental impact, and the concept of green chemistry. Green Catalysis: Covers a variety of green catalytic techniques including organocatalysis, supported catalysis, biocatalysis, fluorous catalysis, and catalytic direct C-H bond activation reactions. Green Synthetic Techniques: Presents a series of new techniques, assessing the green chemistry aspects and limitations (i.e. cost, equipment, expertise). Techniques include reactions in alternative solvents, atom economic multicomponent reactions, microwave and ultrasonic reactions, solid-supported synthesis, fluorous and ionic liquid-based recycling techniques, and flow reactors. Green Techniques in Pharmaceutical Industry: Covers applications of green chemistry concepts and special techniques for medicinal chemistry, including synthesis, analysis, separation, formulation, , and drug delivery. Process and business case studies are included to illustrate the applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Green Techniques for Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry is an essential resource on green chemistry technologies for academic researchers, R&D professionals and students working in organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry.

Increasing pressure to identify, optimize, develop, and commercialize novel drugs more rapidly and more cost-effectively has led to an urgent demand for technologies that can reduce the time to market for new products. Molecular diversity, of both natural and synthetic materials, provides a valuable source of compounds for identifying and optimizing new drug leads. Through the rapidly evolving technology of combinatorial chemistry, it is now possible to produce libraries of small molecules to screen for novel bioactivities. This powerful new technology has begun to help pharmaceutical companies find new drug candidates quickly, save significant dollars in preclinical development costs, and ultimately change their fundamental approach to drug discovery. Included among the many topics: Historical background. Library strategy and design. Solid-phase synthesis. Small molecular libraries. Automation, analytical, and computational methodology. Biological diversity. Strategies for screening combinatorial libraries. Combinatorial drug screening and development. Combinatorial chemistry information management.

Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 2009 International Symposium on Liquid Crystal Science and Technology, August 2-5, Kunming, China, ISLCST2009

This book collects in one single volume, the practical aspects of Medicinal Chemistry, seen from a chemical point of view, including the wealth of information which chemists accumulate over a career, but generally is never organized and presented in a coherent form in print. Emphasis is given to how medicinal chemists conduct their search for, and design of, new drug entities. In contrast to other books on the market, it focuses on the chemistry, rather than pharmacological concepts or description of the various therapeutic classes of drugs. It should become a standard reference on the tools available to medicinal chemists when designing new drugs. Key Features * These aspects are covered by: * Specific chapters devoted to the discovery of new lead compounds, including combinatorial chemistry * Clearly written chapters on modern topics such as stereochemical aspects of drug action, the use of X-ray structures of receptors and enzymes in drug discovery, and the contribution of molecular biology to drug discovery * Guidelines and operational strategems allowing identification of the portions of the molecule which are important for potency * The particular emphasis given to the three-dimensional aspects of the drug-receptor interactions, to the design of peptidomimetic drugs and to the control of the agonist-antagonist transition * Chemical solutions to solubility and to formulation problems These sections cover perhaps the most neglected areas in medicinal chemistry books * Development of new drugs: legal and economic aspects, constitutes another important area in which chemists are almost wholly self taught following their entry into industry

Solvents play an important role in organic synthesis. Most of the common organic solvents which have been used for organic synthesis include benzene, chloroform, toluene, carbon tetrachloride etc. Most of these are volatile (VOC) and have undesirable properties like toxicity or being harmful to the environment or may be obtained from non renewable petroleum sources. This book describes some of the most important green solvents, their merits and demerits. These green solvents include water, supercritical carbon dioxide, ionic liquids, polyethylene glycol and its solutions and the Florous Phase Technique. A large number of representative synthetic applications for each of the green solvents are described.

The long awaited new edition of this comprehensive two-volume reference has been completely updated and expanded by 30% to include chapters on ionic liquids, carbohydrate chemistry, multicomponent reactions, solid phase peptide synthesis, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. Written by the most eminent scientists in their respective fields, the chapters, which complement one another, now also include eight new fields of application, such as heterocyclic chemistry, cycloadditions and carbohydrate chemistry. In addition, very promising techniques under development are treated, resulting from the application of microwave irradiation to combinatorial chemistry, radiochemistry and photochemistry. The standard reference in this booming field. Andre Loupy received his PhD in 1975 from Paris-South University under Dr. Jacqueline Seyden-Penne at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Thiais, France. He joined the Laboratory of Selective Reactions on Supports in Paris-South University, Center of Orsay, before becoming the first class director of research at CNRS, where he led this lab until the end of 2005. He has some 280 publications and 10 chapters in several books to his name, and is a recipient of the M.J. Collins Award. Together with Georges Bram, Dr. Loupy has been concerned with microwave activation since 1987, especially when coupled to solvent-free conditions ("green chemistry") and the non-alimentary valorization of products from agriculture. His current research interests focus on medium effects in organic synthesis including solvent and salt effects, solvent-free conditions with a special interest in supported reactions and phase transfer catalysis.