In this book the recent advancements in understanding the gut-brain interaction as well as gut microbiome and how this interaction plays a vital role in human health and disease are discussed. Each chapter gives an analysis of questions, research directions, and methods within the field of gut-brain axis. The readers will benefit from the latest knowledge about our understanding about how gut-brain axis and modulation of gut microbiome determines predisposition to neurological disorders. The multidisciplinary book is essential reading for anyone interested in the field of gut-brain axis and gut microbiome: from undergraduates to graduate students as well as scientists and physicians having an interest in the new exciting field of gut microbiome and its relationship with brain function.

In this issue of Otolaryngologic Clinics, guest editors Drs. Michael D. Seidman and Marilene B. Wang bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Complementary and Integrative Medicine and Nutrition in Otolaryngology. Many patients use heath care approaches that are not part of conventional medical care or that may have origins outside of usual Western practice, while also using conventional health care. In this issue, top experts summarize the current knowledge of complementary and integrative medicine and nutrition as they relate to the care of patients in otolaryngology practices, providing a comprehensive resource that physicians and allied health providers can rely on for accurate patient counseling. - Contains 19 practice-oriented topics including diet and health; why otolaryngologists should be interested in psychedelic medicine; probiotics for otolaryngology disorders; sinus issues and natural alternatives; CIM and prevention of hearing loss; CIM and the voice; natural alternatives and the common cold/flu; otitis media; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on complementary and integrative medicine and nutrition in otolaryngology, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Enter the exciting universe of the microbiome, that vast community of microorganisms that cohabit our bodies and play a determining role in our health and well-being. This book guides you through a revealing journey, exploring the deep interconnection between the microorganisms that inhabit us and the nutritional choices we make every day. Discover how proper nutritional balance not only nourishes our bodies, but is also essential for the optimal functioning of our minds. As you progress through its pages, you'll learn about the science behind the microbiome, how contemporary dietary patterns are altering its composition, and how optimal nutrition can be the key to cultivating a healthy and resilient microbiome. From unraveling the detrimental effects of processed foods to understanding the vital role of fiber and other nutrients, this book gives you a comprehensive overview and the tools you need to make informed dietary choices. It invites you to reflect on the importance of a balanced diet, rich in whole foods, and how these choices can positively influence the health of your microbiome. It is essential reading for anyone committed to a healthy, balanced lifestyle. With this knowledge, you will be able to make choices that not only benefit your physical health, but also your mental and emotional well-being. Embark on this journey of self-discovery and transform your health from the inside out!

This textbook is a practical guide to the application of the philosophy and principles of Integrative and Functional Medical Nutrition Therapy (IFMNT) in the practice of medicine, and the key role nutrition plays in restoring and maintaining wellness. The textbook provides an overview of recent reviews and studies of physiological and biochemical contributions to IFMNT and address nutritional influences in human heath overall, including poor nutrition, genomics, environmental toxicant exposures, fractured human interactions, limited physical movement, stress, sleep deprivation, and other lifestyle factors. Ultimately, this textbook serves to help practitioners, healthcare systems, and policy makers better understand this different and novel approach to complex chronic disorders. It provides the reader with real world examples of applications of the underlying principles and practices of integrative/functional nutrition therapies and presents the most up-to-date intervention strategies and clinical tools to help the reader keep abreast of developments in this emerging specialty field. Many chapters include comprehensive coverage of the topic and clinical applications with supplementary learning features such as case studies, take-home messages, patient and practitioner handouts, algorithms, and suggested readings. Integrative and Functional Medical Nutrition Therapy: Principles and Practices will serve as an invaluable guide for healthcare professionals in their clinical application of nutrition, lifestyle assessment, and intervention for each unique, individual patient.

For nearly 50 years, Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease has been the go-to reference for gastroenterology and hepatology residents, fellows, physicians, and the entire GI caregiving team. Now in a fully revised 11th Edition, this two-volume masterwork brings together the knowledge and expertise of hundreds of global experts who keep you up to date with the newest techniques, technologies, and treatments for every clinical challenge you face in gastroenterology and hepatology. A logical organization, more than 1,100 full-color illustrations, and easy-to-use algorithms ensure that you'll quickly and easily find the information you need. - Features new and expanded discussions of chronic hepatitis B and C, Helicobacter pylori infection, colorectal cancer prevention through screening and surveillance, biologic agents and novel small molecules to treat and prevent recurrences of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastrointestinal immune and autoimmune diseases, and more. - Offers reliable coverage of key topics such as Barrett's esophagus, gut microbiome, enteric microbiota and probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and hepatic, pancreatic, and small bowel transplantation. - Provides more quick-reference algorithms that summarize clinical decision making and practical approaches to patient management. - Employs a consistent, templated, format throughout for quick retrieval of information. - Includes monthly updates online, as well as more than 20 procedural videos. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Probiotics: Advanced Food and Health Applications presents the functional properties and advanced technological aspects of probiotics for food formulation, nutrition, and health implications. Specifically, the book addresses the fundamentals of probiotics, from their discovery to actual developments, the microbiological aspects of the main genus showing probiotic properties, the natural occurrence of probiotic strains in foods, the development of nutraceuticals based on probiotics, and the relationship of probiotics to health. The book also includes a discussion on regulatory aspects. This book is an excellent resource for food scientists, nutritionists, dieticians, pharmaceutical scientists, and others working with probiotics or studying related fields. - Introduces basic concepts on probiotics and describes the properties of main microorganisms with applications in probiotics - Provides a description on the natural presence of probiotics in different food matrixes and how probiotics can be developed for incorporation in food formulations - Offers advice on how probiotics can be used as nutritional input, along with their value on the preservation of healthy intestinal status, and their potential benefits in specific illnesses - Contains definitions, applications, literature reviews and recent developments - Includes a general introduction to the subject, taxonomy, biology, primary sources of probiotics and development of probiotics as food ingredients, human nutrition and health properties, and the use of high-throughput technologies in probiotics characterization

Are you ready to embark on a journey through time-honored traditions, insights into gut health, and the untold secrets of crafting your own living foods? "Fermentation Nation" is your must-have guide into the world of cultured creation, an adventure that marries age-old wisdom with contemporary science, ensuring a spot at your table for these deliciously beneficial foods. With every fascinating chapter, you'll delve into the mysteries and marvels of microbial magic. Discover the deep roots and complex processes of fermentation that span cultures and continents. Unveil the layers of your gut ecosystem, exploring how each spoonful of sauerkraut and sip of kefir can profoundly impact your health – from digestion to the astonishing gut-brain connection. But this book doesn't just illuminate the path – it guides your every step in crafting your very own fermented masterpieces. From the creamy delights of yogurts and cheeses to the zesty crunch of pickles and the bubbly zest of kombucha, "Fermentation Nation" offers practical insights and tips to elevate your kitchen skills. You'll explore diverse cultures through their native ferments, like the Japanese Natto and African Millet Beer, understanding not just the 'how,' but the 'why' of their enduring presence in our diets. Satisfy your scientific curiosity with evidence-based explorations of health claims, navigate the intricate dance of pH and acidity in your ferments, and arm yourself with techniques to ensure safety and success. Then, take your fermentation game to the next level with advanced home techniques, capable of transforming seasonal produce into year-round treasures. Whether you're looking to integrate more probiotics into your meals, curious about the artisanal business of fermented foods, or seeking a community of like-minded fermenters, "Fermentation Nation" is your guru and guidebook rolled into one. With comprehensive coverage addressing everything from essential tools to debunking myths – without forgetting the savory ferment-friendly recipes – you'll be well-equipped to join the ranks of fermented food aficionados, making "Fermentation Nation" more than just a book. It's an invitation to a movement, a call to revive ancestral knowledge in your modern life, and to revel in the joy and benefits of living foods. Discover the power that bubbles beneath the surface of your food – welcome to "Fermentation Nation". Unveil the curtain and step into a world where food is more than nourishment; it's a living, breathing guide to wellness and wonder. Your initiation starts here. Join the movement.

This Research Topic eBook includes articles from Volume I and II of The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond series: Research Topic “The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond, Volume I” Research Topic “The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond, Volume II” The term Physiology was introduced in the 16th century by Jean Francois Fernel to describe the study of the normal function of the body as opposed to pathology, the study of disease. Over the ensuing centuries, the concept of physiology has evolved and a central tenet that unites all the various sub-disciplines of physiology has emerged: the quest to understand how the various components of an organism from the sub-cellular and cellular domain to tissue and organ levels work together to maintain a steady state in the face of constantly changing and often hostile environmental conditions. It is only by understanding normal bodily function that the disruptions that leads to disease can be identified and corrected to restore the healthy state. During the summer of 2009, I was invited by Dr. Henry Markram, one of the founders of the “Frontiers In” series of academic journals, to serve as the Field Chief Editor and to launch a new Open-access physiology journal that would provide a forum for the free exchange of ideas and would also meet the challenge of integrating function from molecules to the intact organism. In considering the position, I needed to answer two questions: 1) What exactly is Open-access publishing?; and 2) What could Frontiers in Physiology add to the already crowded group of physiology related journals? As a reminder, the traditional model of academic publishing “is a process by which academic scholars provide material, reviewing, and editing expertise for publication, free of charge, then pay to publish their work” and, to add insult to injury, they and their colleagues must pay the publisher a fee (either directly or via an institutional subscription) to read their published work [slightly modified from the “The Devil’s Dictionary of Publishing” Physiology News (the quarterly newsletter of the Physiological Society) Spring 2019: Issue 114, page 8]. In the traditional model, the publisher, not the authors, owns the copyright such that the author must seek permission and may even be required to pay a fee to re-use their own material (such as figures) in other scholarly articles (reviews, book chapters, etc.). In contrast, individuals are never charged a fee to read articles published in open-access journals. Thus, scholars and interested laymen can freely access research results (that their tax dollars paid for!) even if their home institution does not have the resources to pay the often exorbitant subscription fees. Frontiers takes the open-access model one step further by allowing authors (rather than the publisher) to retain ownership (i.e., the copyright) of their intellectual property. Having satisfied the first question, I then considered whether a new physiology journal was necessary. At that point in time there were no open-access physiology journals, and further, many aspects of physiology were not covered in the existing journals. Frontiers afforded the unique opportunity to provide a home for more specialized sections under the general field journal, Frontiers in Physiology, with each section having an independent editor and editorial board. I therefore agreed to assume the duties of Field Chief Editor in November 2009. Frontiers in Physiology was launched in early 2010 and the first articles were published in April 2010. Since these initial publications, we have published over 10,000 articles and have become the most cited physiology journal. Clearly we must be fulfilling a critical need. Now that it has been over a decade since Frontiers in Physiology was launched, it is time to reflect upon what has been accomplished in the last decade and what questions and issues remain to be addressed. Therefore, it is the goal of this book to evaluate the progress made during the past decade and to look forward to the next. In particular, the major issues and expected developments in many of the physiology sub-disciplines will be explored in order to inspire and to inform readers and researchers in the field of physiology for the year 2020 and beyond. A brief summary of each chapter follows: In chapter 1, Billman provides a historical overview of the evolution of the concept of homeostasis. Homeostasis has become the central unifying concept of physiology and is defined as a self-regulating process by which a living organism can maintain internal stability while adjusting to changing external conditions. He emphasizes that homeostasis is not static and unvarying but, rather, it is a dynamic process that can change internal conditions as required to survive external challenges and can be said to be the very basis of life. He further discusses how the concept of homeostasis has important implications with regards to how best to understand physiology in intact organisms: the need for more holistic approaches to integrate and to translate this deluge of information obtained in vitro into a coherent understanding of function in vivo. In chapter 2, Aldana and Robeva explore the emerging concept of the holobiont: the idea that every individual is a complex ecosystem consisting of the host organism and its microbiota. They stress the need for multidisciplinary approaches both to investigate the symbiotic interactions between microbes and multicellular organisms and to understand how disruptions in this relationship contributes to disease. This concept is amplified in chapter 3 in which Pandol addresses the future of gastrointestinal physiology ,emphasizing advances that have been made by understanding the role that the gut microbiome plays in both health and in disease. Professor Head, in chapter 4, describes areas in the field of integrative physiology that remain to be examined, as well as the potential for genetic techniques to reveal physiological processes. The significant challenges of developmental physiology are enumerated by Burggren in chapter 5. In particular, he analyzes the effects of climate change (environmentally induced epigenetic modification) on phenotype expression. In chapter 6, Ivell and Annad-Ivell highlight the major differences between the reproductive system and other organ systems. They conclude that the current focus on molecular detail is impeding our understanding of the processes responsible for the function of the reproductive organs, echoing and amplifying the concepts raised in chapter 1. In chapter 7, Costa describes the role of both circadian and non-circadian biological “clocks” in health and disease, thereby providing additional examples of integrated physiological regulation. Coronel, in chapter 8, provides a brief history of the development of cardiac electrophysiology and then describes areas that require further investigation and includes tables that list specific questions that remain to be answered. In a similar manner, Reiser and Janssen (chapter 9) summarize some of the advancements made in striated muscle physiology during the last decade and then discuss likely trends for future research; to name a few examples, the contribution of gender differences in striated muscle function, the mechanisms responsible of age-related declines in muscle mass, and role of exosome-released extracellular vesicles in pathophysiology. Meininger and Hill describe the recent advances in vascular physiology (chapter 10) and highlight approaches that should facilitate our understanding of the vascular processes that maintain health (our old friend homeostasis) and how disruptions in these regulatory mechanisms lead to disease. They also stress the need for investigators to exercise ethical vigilance when they select journals to publish in and meetings to attend. They note that the proliferation of profit driven journals of dubious quality threatens the integrity of not only physiology but science in general. The pathophysiological consequences of diabetes mellitus are discussed in chapters 11 and 12. In chapter 11, Ecelbarger addresses the problem of diabetic nephropathy and indicates several areas that require additional research. In chapter 12, Sharma evaluates the role of oxidative damage in diabetic retinopathy, and then proposes that the interleukin-6-transsignaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target for the prevention of blindness in diabetic pateints. Bernardi, in chapter 13, after briefly reviewing the considerable progress that has been achieved in understanding mitochondrial function, lists the many questions that remain to be answered. In particular, he notes several areas for future investigation including (but not limited to) a more complete understanding of inner membrane permeability changes, the physiology of various cation channels, and the role of mitochondrial DNA in disease. In chapter 14, using Douglas Adam’s “The Hitchhikers Guide to the Universe” as a model, Bogdanova and Kaestner address the question why a young person should study red blood cell physiology and provide advice for early career scientists as they establish independent laboratories. They the, describe a few areas that merit further attention, not only related to red blood cell function, but also to understanding the basis for blood related disease, and the ways to increase blood supplies that are not dependent on blood donors. Finally, the last two chapters specifically focus on non-mammalian physiology. In chapter 15, Scanes asks the question, are birds simply feathered mammals, and then reviews several of the significant differences between birds and mammals, placing particular emphasis on differences in gastrointestinal, immune, and female reproductive systems. In the final chapter (chapter 16) Anton and co-workers stress that since some 95% of living animals species are invertebrates, invertebrate physiology can provide insights into the basic principles of animal physiology as well as how bodily function adapts to environmental changes. The future of Physiology is bright; there are many important and interesting unanswered questions that will require further investigation. All that is lacking is sufficient funding and a cadre of young scientists trained to integrate function from molecules to the intact organism. George E. Billman, Ph.D, FAHA, FHRS, FTPS Department of Physiology and Cell Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH, United States

‘Incredibly well written, accessible and a must in every household.’ Dr Nighat Arif, author of The Knowledge and resident doctor on ITV This Morning ‘A fabulous read!’ Rhiannon Lambert, Registered Nutritionist and Sunday Times bestselling author of The Science of Nutrition Are carbs the enemy? Am I getting enough protein? Should I worry about inflammation? Do calories count? And do any diets really work? We are constantly bombarded with advice on how to live a ‘healthier’ life. From the benefits of intermittent fasting and the keto diet, to the growth of veganism and the dangers of inflammation, poor-quality, dubiously sourced information on how we can live and feel better is everywhere. But where should we turn for advice we can trust? Dr Idrees Mughal (Dr Idz), an NHS doctor with a masters in nutritional research and a board certification in lifestyle medicine, has made it his mission to educate, inspire and empower the public when it comes to diet and lifestyle. His signature videos have attracted millions of followers online, and now he’s collected this wealth of information in his first book, Saturated Facts – your science-backed guide to living better. Whether you’re looking to lose weight, sleep better, avoid disease or just have more energy as you go about your day, Saturated Facts is the comprehensive guide you need to make smarter decisions about your health.

A comprehensive yet accessible approach to healing leaky gut and the many uncomfortable symptoms it causes. Dr. Stengler's integrative program will restore whole-body health--and help protect you from virulent viruses and infections. The health of your gut directly affects whether you are healthy or sick. In this book you will learn the truth about the gut-body connection and what you can do to resolve your health issues. Unfortunately, many doctors are unaware of the all-too-common symptoms of leaky gut, and as a result, the root cause of your health problems may not be addressed. You may receive a prescription to help with your uncomfortable symptoms, but real healing at a deeper level will not occur. Did you know that all of the following conditions can be traced back to your gut? Digestive issues like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), acid reflux, celiac disease, gas, and bloating Diabetes Headaches & trouble concentrating Joint pain/arthritis Anxiety & depression Eczema, allergies, and asthma Insomnia & fatigue Post-covid syndrome Here's the truth: the health of your gut (especially the small intestine and its microbiome) affects the health of all organs in the body--and it is often the root of all of your health problems. Your gut is also the epicenter of much of your immune system. If you want to have more resiliency to infection or be less prone to autoimmune disorders--or even cancer--then a healthy digestive system is necessary. This book will arm you with all of the information you need to determine if you have a leaky gut as well as natural solutions that heal the gut and thus the health of the body. Dr. Stengler's successful healing protocol includes supplements that target specific conditions, healthy lifestyle recommendations such as a stress detox, and delicious prebiotic, probiotic, and Mediterranean recipes chock full of gut-healing foods.