Factors such as inequality, gender, globalization, corruption, and instability clearly matter in human trafficking. But does corruption work the same way in Cambodia as it does in Bolivia? Does instability need to be present alongside inequality to lead to human trafficking? How do issues of migration connect? Using migration, feminist, and criminological theory, this book asks how global economic policies contribute to the conditions which both drive migration and allow human trafficking to flourish, with specific focus on Cambodia, Bolivia, and The Gambia. Challenging existing thinking, the book concludes with an anti-trafficking framework which addresses the root causes of human trafficking.

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND license. This book offers a theory of trafficking and modern slavery with implications for policy. Despite economic development, modern slavery persists all around the world. The issue is not only one of crime but the regulation of the economy, better welfare, and social protections. Going beyond polarized debates on the sex trade, an original empirical analysis shows the importance of profit-taking. Although individual experience matters, the root causes lie in intersecting regimes of inequality of gender regimes, capitalism, and the legacies of colonialism. This book shows the importance of coercion and the societal complexities that perpetuate modern slavery.

With contributions from world-renowned scholars, this book tackles recent universal subject matter and ties it to key contemporary issues, including globalisation and sustainability, that are related to international migration and its impacts.

In A Transnational Human Rights Approach to Human Trafficking: Empowering the Powerless, Yoon Jin Shin proposes an innovative approach to empower individuals victimized by human trafficking, one of the most serious human rights challenges in today’s world of globalization and migration. Based on thorough empirical research and extensive comparative studies, Shin illuminates complex realities of migrant individuals experiencing trafficking situations and the problems of the current anti-trafficking regime driven by destination countries’ self-interest in crime and border control. Shin suggests an alternative transnational human rights framework, in which victimized migrants, who have been treated as passive targets of victim-witness protection or immigration regulation, finally attain their true voices as empowered rights-holders and effectively exercise their human, civil, and labor rights. Shin received the 2014-2015 Ambrose Gherini Prize, the highest prize awarded in the field of International Law by Yale Law School, for her doctoral dissertation on which this book is based.

The book is focused on the third sector, including civil society organizations, hereinafter referred to as non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and their participation in governance, especially in times of crisis. The book’s broad objective is to explore the role that NGOs play – independently and in collaboration with government institutions and private firms – in defining, shaping, and achieving the public good. The focus is on NGOs that help to overcome the influence of recent crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. The book presents various examples of NGOs assisting in developing new services for refugees and other victims of the recent crises in developed as well as in developing countries. The book answers the questions of how NGOs deal with migration, human rights, environmental issues, polarization, democracy, and resilience in these turbulent times.

According to the UNODC (2015), human trafficking (HT) is the fastest growing means by which people are enslaved, the fastest growing international crime, and one of the largest sources of income for organized criminal networks. It profoundly impacts the physical and mental health of victims, their families, and entire communities and is recognized as a crime against humanity. Despite burgeoning interest, education, research, and advocacy efforts, a pinnacle handbook devoted to human trafficking and modern-day slavery – with global focus and multidisciplinary scope – does not currently exist. The Routledge International Handbook of Human Trafficking was created to fill this resource gap. Divided into four sections, the Handbook offers the reader a comprehensive and fresh approach via: (a) in-depth analyses and opportunities for application (through case studies, critical thinking questions, and supplemental learning materials); (b) multidisciplinary linkages, with disciplinary overlap across each of the four sections acknowledged and highlighted; and (c) content experts representing multiple segments of society (academia, government, foundation, law enforcement, and practice) and global vantage points (Australia, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, South Africa, Thailand, and the United States). Written by expert scholars, service providers, policy analysts, and healthcare professionals, this Handbook is an invaluable resource for those already working in the field, as well as for students in any discipline who want to learn (or learn more) about HT and modern-day slavery.

The Routledge International Handbook of Criminology and Human Rights brings together a diverse body of work from around the globe and across a wide range of criminological topics and perspectives, united by its critical application of human rights law and principles. This collection explores the interdisciplinary reach of criminology and is the first of its kind to link criminology and human rights. This text is divided into six sections, each with an introduction and an overview provided by one of the editors. The opening section makes an assessment of the current standing of human rights within the discipline. Each of the remaining sections corresponds to a substantive area of harm prevention and social control which together make up the main core of contemporary criminology, namely: criminal law in practice; transitional justice, peacemaking and community safety; policing in all its guises; traditional and emerging approaches to criminal justice; and penality, both within and beyond the prison. This Handbook forms an authoritative foundation on which future teaching and research about human rights and criminology can be built. This multi-disciplinary text is an essential companion for criminologists, sociologists, legal scholars and political scientists.

The ease of transportation, the opening of international immigration policies, the growing refugee movements, and the increasing size of unauthorized immigrant populations suggest that immigration worldwide is a phenomenon of utmost importance to professionals who develop policies and programs for, or provide services to, immigrants. Immigration occurs in both the wealthy nations of the global North and the poorer countries of the global South; it involves individuals who arrive with substantial human capital and those with little. It has far-reaching implications for a nation's economy, public policies, social and health services, and culture. The purpose of this volume, therefore, is to explore current patterns and policies of immigration in key countries and regions across the globe and analyze the implications for these countries and their immigrant populations. Each of its chapters, written by an international and interdisciplinary group of experts, explores how country conditions, policies, values, politics, and attitudes influence the process of immigration and subsequently affect immigrants, migration, and the nation itself. No other volume explores the landscape of worldwide immigration as broadly as this does, with sweeping coverage of countries and empirical research, together with an analytic framework that sets the context of human migration against a wide backdrop of experiential factors that take shape long before an immigrant enters a host country. At once a sourcebook and an applied model of immigration studies, Immigration Worldwide is a valuable reference for scholars and students seeking a wide-ranging yet nuanced survey of the key issues salient to debates about the programs and policies that best serve immigrant populations and their host countries.

Migration is not a new phenomenon; it has a centuries-long history since the world’s population has been characterized by the desire to relocate not only from one country to another, but from one continent to another as well. However, there is a significant difference between the migrations of the past and the current one. Today’s migration is complicated by the strong emotional reaction and hostile attitude from society. The study of migration processes needs interdisciplinary approaches. The Handbook of Research on the Regulation of the Modern Global Migration and Economic Crisis presents emerging research and case studies on global migration in the modern world. Through interdisciplinary approaches, it further showcases the current challenges and approaches in regulation. Covering topics such as forced migration, human trafficking, and national identity, this major reference work is an excellent resource for migration specialists, government officials, politicians, sociologists, economists, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.