This book covers all major areas of interest in the rapidly expanding field of in vitro methods for percutaneous absorption studies. Specific areas discussed include diffusion cell design, receptor fluid, preparation of skin, and temperature. The book covers experimental methodology, as well as the underlying principles and fundamentals that help professionals and students gain an understanding of the basis for currently used methodology.

Since publication of the Second Edition in 1989, numerous innovations have occurred that affect the way scientists look at issues in the field of percutaneous absorption. Focusing on recent advances as well as updating and expanding the scope of topics covered in the previous edition, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition provides thorough coverage of the skin's role as an important portal of entry for chemicals into the body. Assembles the work of nearly 80 experts-30 more than the Second Edition-into a unified, comprehensive volume that contains the latest ideas and research! Complete with nearly 600 drawings, photographs, equations, and tables and more than 1600 bibliographic citations of pertinent literature, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition details the applied biology of percutaneous penetration factors that affect skin permeation, such as age, vehicles, metabolism, hydration of skin, and chemical structure in vivo and in vitro techniques for measuring absorption, examining factors influencing methodology such as animal models, volatility of test compound, multiple dosage, and artificial membranes procedures for use in transdermal delivery, exploring topics such as effects of penetration enhancers on absorption, optimizing absorption, and the topical delivery of drugs to muscle tissue And presents new chapters on mathematical models cutaneous metabolism prediction of percutaneous absorption in vitro absorption methodology dermal decontamination concentration of chemicals in skin transdermal drug delivery mechanisms of absorption safety evaluation of cosmetics absorption of drugs and cosmetic ingredients nail penetration Emphasizes human applications-particularly useful for pharmacists, pharmacologists, dermatologists, cosmetic scientists, biochemists, toxicologists, public health officials, manufacturers of cosmetic and toiletry products, and graduate students in these disciplines! An invaluable reference source for readers who need to keep up with the latest developments in the field, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition is also an excellent experimental guide for laboratory personnel.

Updating and expanding the scope of topics covered in the previous edition, Percutaneous Absorption: Drugs, Cosmetics, Mechanisms, Methods, Fifth Edition supplies new chapters on topics currently impacting the field including cutaneous metabolism, skin contamination, exposure to protein allergens, in vitro absorption methodology and the percutaneous absorption of chemical mixtures. Complete with studies on the role of the skin as a key portal of entry for chemicals into the body, this book serves as a detailed reference source for recent advances in the field, as well as an experimental guide for laboratory personnel. Key Features: Details in vivo and in vitro methods for measuring absorption, dermal decontamination, mechanisms of transdermal delivery, and the relationship of transepidermal water loss to percutaneous absorption Considers a range of mathematical models, the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients, the absorption of hair dyes, nanoparticles for drug delivery, and other novel methods of drug delivery Discusses topics including skin metabolism, the skin reservoir, and the effects of desquamation on absorption

The source Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment supplies a state-of-the-art overview of the dermal absorption process, and is divided into six well organized sections. Written by internationally recognized experts in the field, this Second Edition is a complete revised and updated text, covering the wide range of methods used to assess skin ab

Reflecting the embryonic state of the field, the first edition of Dermatoxicology, published in 1977, numbered 567 pages. Now the foundational reference in dermal toxicology, this seventh edition consists of 1,032 pages and defines what was once a largely intuitive field but has evolved into an established science of metrics and mechanisms. Updated

Health Risk Assessment is a comprehensive reference focusing on dermal absorption, cholinesterase inhibition, adverse reproductive effects, and carcinogenicity. The book features contributions from over 40 top scientists and covers topics such as PBPK modeling, cytochrome P-450 metabolism in skin, percutaneous absorption, adverse effects, new skin models, and the role of epidemiology in assessing the hazards of toxicants. Health Risk Assessment is essential for toxicologists, environmental chemists, pharmacologists, risk assessors, and managers working in industrial, pesticide, and pharmaceutical development. The book will also benefit individuals in environmental, regulatory, and registration affairs, as well as academicians and students.

Containing 350 illustrations, tables, and equations and covering AAPS/FDA guidelines for the experimentation and analysis of in vivo and in vitro percutaneous absorption, this reference provides comprehensive coverage of the development, preparation, and application of topical and transdermal therapeutic systems. Recognized international experts di

This is a well thought-out, highly practical text covering contemporary ‘in vitro’ techniques for drug absorption studies. Starting at the molecular level of investigation, it continues with cell monolayer models (both primary and cell lines) and culminates with in situ techniques as a final testing format. In addition, chapters on high-throughput assays, in vitro-in vivo correlation, bioinformatics and regulatory issues are covered, giving a comprehensive overview of available models and techniques. Moreover, an appendix consisting of a number of practical protocols is available online, updated as needed, and should prove very helpful to apply the techniques directly to the benchside.

This truly comprehensive reference, in a mini-series format with five volumes, offers a detailed description of both well-known and recently introduced methods for percutaneous penetration enhancement. The first three volumes are devoted to the broad range of chemical methods used to enhance the skin delivery of drugs, including the vast variety of chemical penetration enhancers, drug and vehicle manipulation strategies, nanocarriers, and many others. The fourth volume discusses the diverse physical methods used in penetration enhancement, such as sonophoresis, iontophoresis, electroporation, microporation, laser ablation, and microneedles. Determination of drug penetration is covered in the final volume, with a focus especially on mathematics in skin permeation and modern analytical techniques adapted to assess and measure penetration. This edition of Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers will be an invaluable resource for researchers, pharmaceutical scientists, practitioners, and also students.

Edited by a team of experienced and internationally renowned contributors, the updated Third Edition is the standard reference for cosmetic chemists and dermatologists seeking the latest innovations and technology for the formulation, design, testing, use, and production of cosmetic products for skin, hair, and nails.New features in the Third Editi