Extract: The organization of U.S. agriculture - farm numbers, size, and type of business organization - is apparently influenced by both Federal tax policy and traditional farm policy. Tax policies such as cash accounting or current expensing of farm costs, capital gains, corporate tax rates, and estate tax provisions seem to encourage some farms to expand, others to incorporate, and many to continue the same ownership. Tax provisions and tax treaties with other countries seem to encourage foreign investment in U.S. agriculture. A research challenge for the 1980's may be to integrate the best features of tax and agricultural policies to achieve stated goals for agriculture.